إذا

Etymology
Equivalent to a. A retroactively added protasis may be instead understood by the hearer as a new main clause, therefore “when” became “then”. Like in —well-known—relative pronouns are used as proximal demonstrative pronouns indistinctly: quod erat demonstrandum.

Compare to 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬, which may in lack of attestations of conjunctional use instead parallel however.

Conjunction

 * 1) when, when it is that; as soon as; if
 * 2)   and then, and; thereupon, whereupon; when behold, then behold
 * 1)   and then, and; thereupon, whereupon; when behold, then behold
 * 1)   and then, and; thereupon, whereupon; when behold, then behold
 * 1)   and then, and; thereupon, whereupon; when behold, then behold
 * 1)   and then, and; thereupon, whereupon; when behold, then behold

Usage notes

 * When iḏā is used as the conditional particle in a conditional clause, it may be followed by a past-tense verb regardless of natural time-reference.
 * As a particle of surprise the verb that follows is typically found in the present/non-past tense despite having a past-tense sense; most often used in storytelling or relating events, announcing an event or occurrence that follows after another, a sequence.

Adverb

 * 1) then, therefore

Etymology
.

Conjunction

 * 1) if
 * 2) whether, if
 * 1) whether, if
 * 1) whether, if

Etymology 1
.

Conjunction

 * 1) when, when it is that; as soon as
 * 2) if, whether
 * 1) if, whether

Etymology 2
.

Adverb

 * 1) so, then, therefore

Etymology 1
.

Conjunction

 * 1) if, whether

Usage notes

 * may be followed by a past tense verb referring to a future action.

Etymology 2
.

Adverb

 * 1) so, then, therefore