عطارد

Etymology
Ultimately unknown, without known Semitic cognates:
 * Natively coined from the root meaning, "to chase or chase away", "to race or race after", "to cause something to pick up speed", "to outstrip", "follow swiftly"; related to the planet having the shortest orbital period and its eccentric periods of velocity, an association found cross-culturally via observation. The atypical /ع/ occurs occasionally in some Arabic dialects in replacement of /أ/ due to the pharyngeal-aspect of a nearby emphatic consonant, namely /ط/.
 * A variation of meaning "to be extreme" in many senses including "to go at a very quick pace", "to be most hasty", "a very quick rate of going". Alternatively, potentially a synthesis of both roots, as such blends are a known source of etymology for some quadriliteral roots.


 * A relation to 🇨🇬, the front portion being cognate to 🇨🇬, from 🇨🇬. There is perhaps a layer of phono-semantic matching as the root, with giving chase, also features terms dealing with hunting spears and arrows as well.
 * As a distortion of, part of , as the planet and the metal have been in association since antiquity.

Proper noun

 * 1)  Mercury (planet)

Synonyms

 * , contrasted with other planets as being neutral
 * السَعْدَانِ, paired with Venus, contrasted with Mars and Saturn
 * , contrasted with other planets as being neutral
 * السَعْدَانِ, paired with Venus, contrasted with Mars and Saturn