معروف و مجهول

Etymology
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Noun

 * 1) a vowel classification system in Classical Persian and Dari Persian in which certain vowel or semi-vowel characters represent two phonemes. The ma'ruf  phoneme and the majhul  phoneme. The distinction between the two phonemes only being possible using diacritics.

Usage notes

 * Though the terms and  are sometimes used to describe vowel quality in Iranian Persian; Iranian Persian does not use the ma'ruf-majhul vowel system and the ma'ruf vowels common in other varieties are rare in Iranian Persian.