शम

Etymology
.

Noun

 * 1) tranquillity, peacefulness, calmness, rest
 * 2) lack or abstinence from passion; total asceticism

Etymology 1
From. Cognate with 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬), 🇨🇬. Also related to 🇨🇬.

Monier-Williams and Ralph Griffith translate the term as “tame, mild, meek”, tying it to the root, but Rigveda 1.32.15 contrasts this adjective with , thus implying that the word essentially means “hornless”. From this verse, Monier-Williams and Ralph Griffith may have inferred that the term means "tame, meek" by reasoning that horns on a beast signify wildness and aggression.

Mayrhofer, Lubotsky, and Beekes agree on "hornless" as the correct translation of this word.

Adjective

 * 1)  hornless; without horns

Etymology 2
. Related to, , ,.

Noun

 * 1) tranquillity, peacefulness, calmness, rest, equanimity, quietness
 * 2) mitigation; pacification; cessation, extinction, ending
 * 3) lack or abstinence from passion; apathy
 * 1) mitigation; pacification; cessation, extinction, ending
 * 2) lack or abstinence from passion; apathy
 * 1) mitigation; pacification; cessation, extinction, ending
 * 2) lack or abstinence from passion; apathy
 * 1) lack or abstinence from passion; apathy