ᠨᡳᡴᠠᠨ

Etymology
The etymology is. It was not used in fifteenth-century Jurchen. Speculative suggestions include:


 * Related to 🇨🇬.
 * Corrupted from, from.
 * Corrupted from unknown element ni- +, perhaps , as Manchu transcriptions of foreign words sometimes conflate the initial nasals.
 * Related to native Manchu verbs such as and  with the original meaning of "servant", the meaning of which transferred to "Han Chinese" upon Jurchen/Manchu expansion, during which the conquered Han became subservient to the Manchus.  considers this sort of semantic shift from a derogatory  root most likely, citing 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬, and other Tungusic forms, and says:
 * "Regardless of the phonetic details, the semantic fit seems to be almost perfect: 'robber, slave, servant'—what could be more offensive to an enemy?"

Noun

 * 1) Chinese, Han