辰

Derived characters

 * Appendix:Chinese radical/辰

Glyph origin
– a kind of agricultural tool used for tilling the fields and removing weeds, possibly made of a kind of large clam.

Alternatively, it could be a of a person holding onto a cliff – original character of.

Etymology

 * “to vibrate”
 * Related to and, from.


 * “fifth earthly branch”
 * suggests that it is from ; compare 🇨🇬, whence 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬. However, points to reconstructions like *dər (Baxter & Sagart) and *ᴸdzɨr (Ferlus) and remarks that those do not match any animal's name in  languages. Therefore, 辰 might have been associated arbitrarily with the dragon.


 * agrees with the proposal (e.g. by ) that initially depicted an agricultural implement made from clams' shells and was the original form of ; so he proposes that the fifth earthly branch depicted the moon's second waning-gibbous phase, which looks like a clam. He also suggests that  also represented the ovoid-shaped rising sun and is thus related to.


 * “time”
 * From + nominalizing suffix -n, literally “that which is proceeding” . This word partially converges with  (ibid.).


 * “heavenly body”
 * The endopassive of, literally “to stir oneself”, i.e. “when life begins to stir” > “heavenly bodies that mark time” (ibid.).

Definitions

 * 1)  to vibrate
 * 2) fifth of twelve earthly branches, variously equated with
 * 3)  dragon
 * 4)  a bearing of 120° (between ESE and SE)
 * 5)  the 3rd lunar month
 * 6)  the 5th day or year in a dozen
 * 7)  the 2-hour period between 7 and 9 am
 * 8) time; day; season
 * 9) heavenly body; stars

Kanji

 * 1) the dragon as the fifth sign in the Chinese zodiac

Compounds
}
 * : the Jinhan confederacy: a twelve-member confederation, located on the southeast of the Korean peninsula during the proto-Three Kingdoms period, later absorbed into the growing Silla kingdom
 * : the hour of the dragon: 7:00 AM to 9:00 AM
 * : a timekeeping method used during the Edo period, using six hours for the day and six for the night
 * ,, : cinnabar, mercury sulfide: a common ore of mercury
 * : cinnabar oil, vermilion oil: cinnabar mixed with oil, used to treat dermatitis
 * : a constellation
 * : "dragon festival": a ceremony in Edo-period Japan, held at the houses of the wealthy in the hour of the dragon on the first day of the dragon after New Years
 * : the name of a family of traditional Japanese puppeteers
 * : a men's hairstyle popular in the middle of the Edo period, popularized by a noted puppeteer of the Takamatsu family
 * , : alternate name for the planet Mercury; alternate name for the star Antares
 * : the year of the dragon under the Chinese zodiac
 * : between the dragon and the snake: around 9:00 AM on the clock, or southeast on the compass
 * , : gentle and refined of speech and manner
 * , : shrill and loud of speech, crude and course of manner; a woman from the Fukugawa red-light district in Edo
 * : a slang or argot used by the prostitutes and geisha of the Fukugawa red-light district in Edo
 * : shrill and loud of speech, crude and course of manner
 * : deathday; anniversary of a person's death
 * : time
 * : star
 * : birthday
 * : North Star; polestar

Etymology 1
From the verb (whence also ), from the notion of a dragon flying.

Proper noun

 * 1) the, the fifth of the twelve

Noun

 * 1) by extension from the zodiac:
 * 2) the name of the year or day corresponding to the fifth in a cycle of twelve
 * 3) roughly east-southeast, specifically 30° south of due east (i.e. a bearing of 120°)
 * 4) the hour of the dragon, specifically 7:00 AM to 9:00 AM; sometimes treated as 8:00 AM to 10:00 AM instead
 * 5) alternate name for

Derived terms

 * : in the Yamato kingdom of ancient Japan, markets held every day of the dragon
 * : the first 30 minutes of the hour of the dragon
 * : the hour of the dragon
 * : the hour of the dragon
 * : sunny one day, rainy the next

Etymology 2
From.

Proper noun

 * 1) the, the fifth of the twelve

Etymology 1
From.

Etymology 2
From.

Usage notes
The semantics of the readings of this Hanja are irregular with the exception of when "" is used to mean "the, the fifth of the twelve " or certain historical placenames. The reading may not semantically match its corresponding.