-'d

Suffix

 * 1)  -ed.

Usage notes

 * In the (1500-1700) period,  was usually pronounced as a full syllable (/ɪd/, /ɛd/, /ed/) in all contexts. Today, this is only conserved in verbs ending in /t/ (such as ), verbs ending in /d/ (such as ), and in certain adjectives . The contracted form with the silent e, now familiar to modern speakers, was then considered somewhat improper and indicated using the -'d suffix. Eventually, this pronunciation became dominant and the archaic pronunciation with the non-silent e is now indicated using.