-∅

Etymology
. Cognate with 🇨🇬.

Usage notes
Although the original Proto-Finnic suffix becomes silent due to historic sound changes, formation of genitive case remains unpredictable and depends on declension types, although it always ends in a vowel. These include no addition, additions of vowels or sometimes with consonants, syncope, deletion, and also often involves consonant and vowel length gradation. See more at Appendix:Estonian nominal inflection.

Etymology 1
Unmarked.

Etymology 2
From, from.

Usage notes
Attached to the weak-grade stem.

Suffix

 * 1)  A zero suffix, with several functions:
 * 2) third-person singular indefinite form of verbs in the indicative and conditional moods (but not in the subjunctive)
 * 3)  a form of the subjunctive/imperative suffix  in the second-person singular definite short forms of most verbs
 * 4) at the end of the short form of the second-person singular indefinite subjunctive/imperative (more common than the long-form ending in )
 * 5) also with a long stem vowel in some sz-stem verbs ( →,  → ,  → ), though the long form is more common for these verbs
 * 6)  the second-person singular indicative present at the end of certain verbs ( →  and dialectally  → )
 * 7) the nominative singular form of nouns, adjectives, numerals, (present, past, and future) participles, and pronouns
 * 8)  the accusative suffix after first- and second-person possessive suffixes, chiefly in the singular, as well as in  and
 * 9) the positive degree of adjectives

Etymology 1
From the fact that no true third person pronoun existed, so it was not put word-finally like other personal markers such as, , etc.

Etymology 2
Root form of the verb (without the suffix in the dictionary form).

Etymology
Used where would imply the palatalization of  to  or  to.

Suffix

 * Russian
 * Russian
 * Russian

Etymology
From.