-NIIʼ

Etymology
From, from pre-, a root with many disparate meanings, perhaps resulting in the merger of originally distinct roots.

A first meaning involves action with the hand (squeeze, touch). Another meaning relates to the passing of an invisible or hazy entity, as an epidemic, a cold wave, a fad, a swarm, and also relates to pain, ache. A last meaning relates to mental actions as to know, to be aware, to remember.

shares many stems with the roots, , , , , , ~  and , each of these being themselves a conflation of several originally distinct roots with at times overlapping meanings, which makes their actual identification often speculative.

Maybe as a consequence, the themes in this root often do not behave as neatly as with other roots (classifiers, aspect, conjugations may follow irregular alternations).

Root
1. to act with the hand


 * }

2. to hurt, to be painful


 * }

3. a wave passes or spreads (epidemic, a heat wave, a crowd, a swarm, a fad)


 * }

4. to know, to be aware


 * }

Synonyms
to act with body:

to hurt:

crowd or herd moves:

to know: