-t

Etymology 1
From, , from , , , , , from and.

In some verbs, like /, the -t-/-t was merely an alteration of earlier -d-/-d during the Middle English period. See.

Suffix

 * 1) Forms the past tense and/or past participle of some verbs (leapt, kept, dreamt, blest, etc.)

Usage notes
Some verbs have both an -ed and a -t form. The -t form has become obsolete for many verbs, e.g. toucht.

Usually for verbs with "eep" or "end" at the end (e.g. kept for keep, slept for sleep, wept for weep, bent for bend, sent for send, went for wend); more rarely for nasals and “l” (e.g. burnt for burn, dreamt for dream, dealt for deal, spelt for spell).

Etymology 2
From (e.g.  vs. ), likely resulting from  +, or various other words beginning with th-, t-.

Suffix

 * 1)  An excrescent ending appended to words suffixed with.

Usage notes
As with, in many cases when there is a shorter synonymous word (as in /), the form with -t is considered more formal, old-fashioned, affected, and British.

Etymology 3
From, from , variant of following spirant/fricative sounds, from. More at.

Etymology 4
Suffix from, from , from.

Suffix

 * 1) Verbs formed from nouns or adjectives (compare English, ), frequently having a causative force, or modified from an existing verb into a frequentative verb
 * ,, , (via French),  (via Old Norse).

Suffix

 * : using; by means of
 * : for ...'s nuisance
 * : in
 * : in; within
 * : while being (in the state of)

Etymology
See.

Suffix

 * 1)  -ly, -y

Suffix

 * 1) ; -ly.

Etymology 1
From, from  , ,  a merger of the following historical inflectional suffixes:
 * 1) second person singular (originaly second person plural) present tense:, ,  , from , , ,.
 * 2) second person singular (originaly second person plural) past tense forms of gij:, from
 * 3) third person singular present tense:, ,  , from , , ,.
 * 4) the plural form of the imperative:, ,  , from , , ,.

Suffix

 * redden - jij redt, hij redt
 * breken - gij breekt - gij braakt
 * staken - staakt!
 * breken - gij breekt - gij braakt
 * staken - staakt!
 * staken - staakt!

Suffix

 * bedanken - bedankt
 * bedanken - bedankt

Etymology 3
From a merger of a variety of verbal noun forming suffixes:
 * ,, from , from.
 * ,, , from.
 * ,, from.

Suffix

 * geven - gift
 * geven - gift

Etymology 1
From. See also 🇨🇬.

Etymology 2
From + the ancestor of the above suffix.

Suffix

 * 1) ; -ly

Usage notes
Weak verbs can alternatively take the endings or  to form the complementary infinitive.

Usage notes
Third-weak verbs can alternatively take the ending to form the terminative, more frequently when passive than when active.

When this ending is attached to a verb ending in or, it is occasionally left unwritten.

Etymology 1
From, from. The use as an accusative singular ending for pronouns is more recent; in the older language and many dialects, the "regular" accusative forms like (identical to the genitive forms) are used. The accusative use is likely by analogy with the nominative plural forms (note that the accusative plural is identical to the nominative plural for most nominals).

Usage notes

 * Suffixed to the genitive singular stem. The accusative plural is identical with the nominative plural and is used for certain direct objects.
 * The personal pronouns and have this ending in the accusative; they are the only words that have different genitive and accusative singular forms.
 * See the appendix on Finnish nominal cases for more information on how the accusative case is used.

Etymology 2
From, from , probably related to second-person pronouns ,.

Usage notes
Suffixed to the same stem as the first person singular suffix both in the present and the past tense.

Alternative forms

 * (varies depending on sound laws)

Etymology
From, from a merger of several conjugational endings, from , from.

Usage notes

 * The suffix becomes after d, t: . However, in strong verbs with a vowel change it is deleted instead: . (Note  with a silent -t.) It is also not used in the seven preterite-presents:.

Usage notes

 * The suffix becomes after d, t: . There are no exceptions.
 * The form is exceptionally spelt with a -d (by analogy with  and in order to distinguish from ).

Usage notes

 * The suffix becomes after d, t: . However,  and  show a vowel change and silent -t.

Etymology 1
. Of debated origin. According to the most accepted theory, it is from a possessive suffix that originated either from a -initial demonstrative pronoun or from the personal pronoun.

Etymology 2

 * Past-participle suffix: From ..
 * Past-tense suffix: From the past-participle suffix..

Suffix

 * 1)  -ed, -t
 * 2)   -ed, -t
 * 1)   -ed, -t
 * 1)   -ed, -t

Etymology 3
. From.

Derived terms

 * , dialectally also
 * , dialectally also
 * , dialectally also

Suffix

 * 1)   in added to a noun or an adjective to form the locative case

Etymology 5
. From.

Suffix

 * 1)   A causative (e.g., ) or instantaneous (e.g. , ) suffix for verbs.

Etymology
or

Etymology
From, from. Cognates include 🇨🇬 and 🇨🇬.

Suffix

 * 1) ; -s

Suffix

 * 1) plural suffix in the absolutive case. Numbers vary between singular  and plural -t depending on whether they modify a noun or are being used for counting

Affix
-


 * 1) variation of transitive suffix "-d" when used before other suffixes.

Etymology 1
From, from , from. Cognate with rare 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬.

Suffix

 * : -th, -ness

Usage notes

 * With verb stems in -d, this letter becomes -t unless followed by a vowel and the ending is thus omitted, as it is with stems that end in -t to begin with.

Etymology
From.

Etymology 1
From.

Usage notes
When affixed to stems ending in -i and -u, there are two possible alternative forms. In the first, the suffix added with no change, while in the second, the final vowel lowered to e and o respectively and diphthong simplification is performed on the preceding syllable.

Etymology 2
From.

Etymology 3
From.

Derived terms

 * See Category:Northern Sami adjective comparative forms

Etymology 4
From. Cognate with 🇨🇬.

Derived terms

 * See Category:Northern Sami ordinal numbers

Etymology 5
From, from. Cognate with 🇨🇬.

Etymology 6
From. Cognate with 🇨🇬,.

Suffix

 * 1) Used to form adverbs from adjectives
 * 2) Used to make neuter forms of adjectives
 * 3) Used to make past participle of some weakly inflected verbs

Suffix

 * , used in between vowels
 * , used following hard consonants
 * 1) Used to form adverbs from adjectives
 * 2) Used to make neuter forms of adjectives

Suffix

 * 1) Plural verb suffix.
 * Titakwikat
 * We sing
 * 1) Nominal absolutive suffix.
 * *siwa- → siwat
 * *tutu- → tutut

Usage notes

 * The nominal absolutive suffix -t is a truncated form of -ti used for vowel-ending stems.
 * Opposed to absolutive suffixes, construct suffixes used are -w (for vowel-ending stems), -(zero) (for consonant-ending stems) and -yu ("inalienable possession" marker)

Suffix

 * 1) Suffix to create the definite singular form of neuter nouns ending in an unstressed vowel:  →
 * 2) Suffix for creating adverbs out of adjectives:  →
 * 3) Suffix used on the positive form of adjectives to denote that the corresponding noun is of neuter gender, indefinite form:  →, the latter being neuter. However, the  suffix is used for definite form independent of gender:  →.
 * 4) Suffix to form the past participle of weakly inflected verbs, to be used when the corresponding participle belongs with a neuter noun in indefinite singular form.
 * 5) Suffix for forming supine of verbs of the first (ar-verbs) and second (weak er-verbs) conjugations; see also -it and -tt

Etymology
From, from. Cognate with 🇨🇬.

Suffix

 * 1) Forms causative verbs usually from polysyllabic stems ending in a vowel or 'l' or 'r'.

Related terms

 * (used after monosyllabic stems and polysyllabic stems ending in a consonant other than 'l' or 'r'
 * (used after monosyllabic stems and polysyllabic stems ending in a consonant other than 'l' or 'r'