Appendix:English irregular verbs categories

Appendix:English irregular verbs categories

This table lists irregular verbs in the English language, arranged according to commonly recognized groups of irregularity, which have proved to be useful for English L2 students.

The verbs are arranged as lemma (blue linked) - preterite (simple past) - past participle. Comments are in the second column where further information is useful or necessary.

See also Appendix:English irregular verbs

This table includes selected archaic forms (marked *). This table does not include be, or modal or other defective verbs, which can be found in other Category or Appendix tables.

Group - 1 No variation
Example cut cut cut

Group - 2A Past and Participle the same by adding "t" to lemma
Example learn learnt learnt
 * Also "d" to "t"

Example spend spent spent

Group - 2B Past and Participle the same by adding "t" to modified lemma
Examples keep kept kept
 * leave left left

Group - 3 Past and Participle the same by adding "d" to modified lemma
Examples hear heard heard
 * find found found

Group - 4 Past and Participle the same. "-ght" final consonant cluster
Example teach taught taught

Group - 8 Past and Participle different. Past and Participle formed from Present(lemma) by vowel change "a" and "u" respectively
Example swim swam swum