Appendix:Legal doctrines

The following is a list of legal concepts and principles, most of which apply under common law jurisdictions.


 * absolute liability
 * adequate and independent state ground
 * acquiescence
 * Act of God
 * Act of State doctrine
 * actus novus interveniens
 * actus reus
 * assumption of risk
 * attractive nuisance
 * audi alteram partem
 * balance of probabilities
 * bona fide purchaser
 * bona vacantia
 * burden of proof (legal burden of proof)
 * burden of persuasion
 * burden of production, burden of going forward
 * calculus of negligence (Hand formula)
 * castle doctrine
 * caveat venditor
 * caveat emptor
 * comparative negligence
 * consideration
 * contributory negligence
 * contra proferentem
 * contumacy
 * correlative rights doctrine
 * costs
 * damages
 * deference (judicial deference)
 * doctrine of tenure
 * due process
 * duty of care
 * economic loss
 * eggshell skull
 * emergency
 * eminent domain
 * equitable tolling
 * essential facilities doctrine
 * estoppel by acquiescence
 * exclusionary rule
 * executive privilege
 * exhaustion
 * fair use
 * felony murder
 * firefighter's rule (fireman's rule)
 * first-sale
 * freedom of contract
 * fruit of the poisonous tree
 * good-faith exception
 * ignorantia juris non excusat
 * implied powers
 * implied terms of a contract
 * in absentia
 * inherent jurisdiction
 * inherent powers
 * internal affairs doctrine
 * judicial discretion
 * laches
 * last clear chance
 * law of the case
 * learned intermediary
 * living tree doctrine
 * loss of chance
 * mailbox rule (posting rule or deposited acceptance rule)
 * market share liability
 * mens rea
 * merger
 * mootness
 * mutual mistake
 * natural justice
 * ne bis in idem
 * necessity
 * negligence
 * nemo dat quod non habet
 * nemo iudex in causa sua
 * nondelegation doctrine
 * nulla poena sine lege
 * obiter dictum
 * odious debt
 * official immunity
 * plain view doctrine
 * police power
 * political question
 * preponderance of evidence
 * prerogative of judge to deny legal argument before jury
 * presumption of constitutionality
 * presumption of innocence
 * privity (of contract)
 * proximate cause
 * qualified immunity
 * quantum meruit
 * quantum valebat
 * quid pro quo
 * ratio decidendi
 * reasonable person, reasonable care
 * reasonable doubt
 * remoteness
 * rebus sic stantibus
 * res ipsa loquitur
 * res judicata
 * respondeat superior
 * ripeness
 * Rule of Reason
 * scrivener's error
 * sovereign immunity
 * spider in the web doctrine
 * standard of care
 * standing
 * stare decisis or precedence rule
 * strict liability
 * subsidiarity
 * substance over form
 * substantial certainty doctrine
 * substantial truth
 * suspect classification
 * terra nullius
 * transferred intent (transferred malice)
 * unclean hands
 * unconscionability
 * ultrahazardous activity
 * vicarious liability