Appendix:Old Irish s subjunctive verbs

The s-subjunctive is generally used in verbs whose root ends in a coronal or velar obstruent or in ; there are also traces in a few other verbs. It is characterized by the suffix -s-, which assimilates to an r or l that immediately precedes it and to which most other consonants themselves assimilate.

The endings are essential identical to those of the s-future; the past subjunctive has the same endings as the s-conditional. The s-subjunctive is also commonly found in the same verbs as the the s-future; the two can be distinguished by the fact that the future shows reduplication and the subjunctive does not.

See Category:Old Irish s subjunctive verbs for a list of verbs that take the s-subjunctive.

Examples of stem formation
The root vowel is generally lengthened when it is anything other than short e, and sometimes lengthened (to ía or é) when it is.


 * → ·mess-
 * → gess-
 * ed- → ess-
 * ·finnadar → ·fess-
 * → liss-
 * → nass-
 * → slass-
 * → clás-
 * → sás-
 * → más-
 * → sés-
 * ·rig → ·rías-
 * → ·cías-
 * ·ding → ·días-
 * ·loing → ·lós-

In the following cases. the s has assimilated to a preceding r or l:
 * → orr-
 * ·ceird → ·cerr-
 * → mell-

Non-deponent endings
The forms shown below for are constructed on the basis of attested endings.

Deponent endings
The deponent endings are those of the s-conditional.