Appendix:Polish adverbs

Adverbs are used to describe or modify verbs, participles, adjectives and other adverbs:,. They may describe the way in which an action is performed, the time when it is performed, or the place where it is performed.

Forming adverbs
Adverbs are formed by adding an adverbial suffix, or, to the stem of an adjective. The stem is generally found by removing or  from the masculine nominative singular.

Examples:


 * →, →  etc.

If an adjective ends in, the adverb receives the ending:
 * →, →  etc.

When the stem ends in any consonant other than or  followed by, the adverb receives the  ending:
 * →, → ,  →  etc; but:  → ,  →  etc.

Exceptions: →,  →  (but  → ),  →.

Adverbs are. However, some of them form comparatives and superlatives.

Comparison of adverbs
The comparative is often formed by adding the suffix or  to the stem of the corresponding  form. In some cases, the end of the stem undergoes sound changes:



In other cases: →.

The superlative is always formed by adding the prefix  to the comparative form.

Some adverbs do not form comparatives and superlatives by changing the ending. Instead, an adverb is placed before the adverb: ' to form the comparative, and ' to form the superlative. It is possible to form such superlatives and comparatives for every adverb.

Some adverbs have irregular comparatives and superlatives:

Adverb word order
Adverbs are most often placed before the verbs they modify. To put an additional stress on the adverb, it may be put at the end of the sentence.

Adverbs modifing adjectives and other adverbs are placed before the adjective or adverb they modify.