Appendix:Uzbek verbs

This page explains a summary of Uzbek verb conjugations.

Tenses
Conjugation of Uzbek verbs is a mix of agglutination and analyticism; there are some tenses that use auxiliary verbs.

There are three distinct present continuous suffixes, the first two of which are cognates with Turkish and  (+ relic simple present suffix *-ir), while the last one is cognate to the Turkish progressive suffix  (see also: § Compound tenses). The present continuous suffixes also have distinct functions; -yap is to mark actions that occur at the time of speech, -moqda for actions that occur at or near the moment of speech, and -yotir for actions that have started but not yet ended (rarely used in speech).

The definite future is actually rarely used but is implied to exist by the Özbekçe/Dilbilgisi page on Turkish Wikibooks.

The present perfect suffix -gan changes to -qan when the stem ends in -q and -gʻ and -kan when the stem ends in -k and -g.

The third-person plural is often replaced by the third-person singular, thus the plurality of the third persons is by context.

Negation
Negation of Uzbek tenses is by the suffix -ma, placed after the stem and before the tense/mood suffix. However, the negative form of the indefinite future is -mas (a devoicing of earlier *-maz, from 🇨🇬, which also serves as the negative aorist in Turkish and indefinite future in Azerbaijani ) instead of *-mar, and the intentional mood is by using the third-person singular form +  with the general personal suffixes, from the defective verb. There are two more ways to form the negative of the present perfect, with (kelgan emasman) or with  (kelganman yoʻq).

Interrogatives
To form interrogatives, the suffix is used. However, in the present perfect, the suffix -mi is used before -san and -siz (kelganmi, kelganmisan, but kelganmanmi). This rule is also applied to predicatives, which are based on the general personal suffixes plus in the third-person singular.

Compound tenses

 * Continuous past: formed from the indefinite future forms (-ar/-r) with (past tense of ) (kelar edim).
 * Past perfect: formed from the present perfect forms (-gan) with (kelgan edim).
 * Intentional past: formed from the intentional forms (-moqchi) with (kelmoqchi edi).
 * Necessitative: formed from the verb stem + + the possessive suffixes (-im, -ing, -i, -imiz, -ingiz) with  (kelishim kerak). The negative necessitative is formed with  (the negative indefinite future of ).

Templates

 * uz-verb-conj