Citations:irio


 * AD 77–79, Gaius Plinius Secundus (author), Karl Friedrich Theodor Mayhoff (editor), Naturalis Historia (1906), book XVIII, chapter xxxviii:
 * aestiva frumenta diximus sesamam, milium, panicum. sesama ab indis venit. ex ea et oleum faciunt; colos eius candidus. huic simile est in asia graeciaque erysimum, idemque erat, nisi pinguius esset, quod apud nos vocant irionem, medicaminibus adnumerandum potius quam frugibus. eiusdem naturae et horminum graecis dictum, sed cumino simile; seritur cum sesama. hac et irione nullum animal vescitur virentibus.
 * We have spoken of sesame, millet, and panic as belonging to the summer grains. Sesame comes from India, where they extract an oil from it; the colour of its grain is white. Similar in appearance to this is the erysimum of Asia and Greece, and indeed it would be identical with it were it not that the grain is better filled. It is the same grain that is known among us as “irio;” and strictly speaking, ought rather to be classed among the medicaments than the cereals. Of the same nature, too, is the plant called “horminum” by the Greeks, though resembling cummin in appearance; it is sown at the same time as sesame: no animal will eat either this or irio while green. ― translation from: John Bostock and, The Natural History (1855), book XVIII: “The Natural History of Grain”, chapter xxii: ‘Sesame. Erysimum, or Irio. Horminum’
 * ibidem, book XXII, chapter lxxv:
 * irionem inter fruges sesamae similem esse diximus et a graecis erysimon vocari, galli velam appellant.
 * When treating of the cereals, we have already stated that the irio, which strongly resembles sesame, is also called “erysimon” by the Greeks: the Gauls give it the name of “vela.” ― translation from: ibidem, book XXII: “The Properties of Plants and Fruits”, chapter lxxv: ‘Irio, or Erysimum, by the Gauls called Vela: Fifteen remedies’
 * ibidem, book XXVI, chapter xx:
 * faciles praestat vomitiones radix vettonicae, hellebori modo iiii drachmis in passo aut mulso, hysopum tritum cum melle, utilius praesumpto nasturcio aut irione, molemonium denarii pondere.
 * ibidem, chapter lxii:
 * ad erraticum autem radix persollatae cum axungia vetere inlita probatur; ruptis convulsisque, ex alto deiectis centaurium maius, gentianae radix trita vel decocta vel sucus, vettonica et hoc amplius a vocis aut lateris contentionibus panaces, scordium, aristolochia pota, agaricum, idem contusis et eversis potum ii obolis in mulsi cyathis iii aut, si febris sit, in aqua mulsa, verbascum, cuius flos similis auro est, acori radix, aizoum omne, sed maioris sucus efficacissime, item symphyti ius vel radicis decoctum, daucos cruda, erysithales – flore luteo, foliis acanthi – e vino, item chamaerops et in sorbitione irio vel plantago omnibus modis, item ….