Citations:schwar


 * 2013 — Eleanor Lawson, James M Scobbie and Jane Stuart-Smith. Bunched /r/ promotes vowel merger to schwar: An ultrasound tongue imaging study of Scottish sociophonetic variation. Journal of Phonetics (41: 3,4) pp189-210. http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/00954470/41/3
 * Phonologically, our view is that middle-class speakers of Scottish English have reduced the V+/r/ sequence to one segment; either a rhoticised vowel /ɚ/ or a syllabic rhotic /r/. ... Schwar-type vowels, typically produced by middle-class informants, will ... have F2 and F3 close to one another, ... due to the lowering effect rhoticisation has on F3.