Dutch

Etymology
, from, and , , from , from , derived from , from. .

Compare 🇨🇬 from 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬 (🇨🇬), 🇨🇬 (modern 🇨🇬), modern 🇨🇬 alongside elevated (a secondary distinction, fully accepted only in the 19th century). See also Derrick, Teuton, Teutonic.

The pejorative senses (Dutch courage, Dutch wife, Dutch uncle, etc.) are said to stem from the Anglo-Dutch Wars and the accompanying rivalry.

Adjective

 * 1) Of or pertaining to the Netherlands, the Dutch people or the Dutch language.
 * 2)  Pertaining to Germanic-speaking peoples on the European continent, chiefly the Germans (especially established German-speaking communities in parts of the USA), or the Dutch; Teutonic; Germanic.
 * 3)  Substitute, inferior, ersatz.
 * 4)  Thrifty.
 * 5)  Pertaining to Afrikaner culture (Cape Dutch).

Translations

 * Afrikaans:
 * Albanian:
 * Arabic: هُولَنْدِيّ
 * Hijazi Arabic: هُولَنْدِي
 * Aragonese: olandés
 * Armenian:, նիդերլանդական
 * Assamese: ওলন্দাজ
 * Azerbaijani: niderland
 * Basque: nederlandar
 * Belarusian: гала́ндскі, галя́ндзкі, нідэрла́ндскі, нідэрля́ндзкі, галяндэ́рскі
 * Bengali:, ডাচ
 * Breton:
 * Bulgarian: хола́ндски
 * Burmese: နယ်သာလန်
 * Catalan: ,
 * Valencian: ,
 * Cherokee: ᏁᏓᎳ
 * Chinese:
 * Mandarin:
 * Corsicsan: ,
 * Czech: ,
 * Danish: hollandsk,
 * Dhivehi:
 * Dutch:
 * Esperanto:
 * Farefare: tɩntɩŋ
 * Faroese: niðurlendskur
 * Finnish: ,
 * French: ,
 * Galician:
 * Georgian: ნიდერლანდური, ჰოლანდიური, ნიდერლანდური ენა, ჰოლანდიური ენა
 * German: ,
 * Greek:
 * Hawaiian: Hōlani
 * Hindi:, , , , , ओलंदेज़, ओलन्देज़
 * Hungarian:
 * Icelandic:, niðurlenskur
 * Ido:
 * Indonesian:
 * Interlingua: hollandese,
 * Irish: Ísiltíreach, Ollannach
 * Italian:
 * Japanese: ,
 * Kazakh: голландық
 * Khmer:, ណេដឺរឡន់ថ៍
 * Korean:
 * Kurdish:
 * Northern Kurdish:
 * Kyrgyz: нидерланд, голланд
 * Lao:
 * Latin: batavicus, nederlandicus
 * Latvian: nīderlandiešu, nīderlandisks
 * Limburgish: Nieëderlandjsj
 * Lithuanian:, olandiškas
 * Low German:
 * Macedonian: холандски
 * Malay:, Belandawi
 * Marathi: डच
 * Mingrelian: ნიდერლანდური ნინა, ჰოლანდიური ნინა
 * Mongolian: голланд, нидерланд
 * Norwegian:
 * Bokmål:
 * Nynorsk:
 * Occitan:, olandés
 * Ottoman Turkish: فلمنكلی
 * Papiamentu: hulandes
 * Pashto: هالېنډي
 * Persian:
 * Piedmontese: olandèis
 * Polish: ,
 * Portuguese:, , batavo
 * Romanian: ,
 * Russian: ,
 * Serbo-Croatian:
 * Cyrillic: хо̀ландскӣ, ни̏зозе̄мскӣ
 * Roman: ,
 * Slovak:
 * Slovene:
 * Spanish: ,
 * Sranan Tongo: bakra
 * Swahili: kiholanzi
 * Swedish: ,
 * Tagalog:
 * Tajik: ҳоландӣ
 * Tatar: нидерланд
 * Thai:, , ,
 * Turkish:
 * Turkmen: goland, niderland
 * Ukrainian: голла́ндський,
 * Urdu: ولندیزی, ڈچ
 * Uyghur: گوللاندىيە
 * Uzbek: ,
 * Venetian: olandexe,
 * Vietnamese: Hà Lan (荷蘭)
 * West Frisian: ,
 * Yiddish: האָלענדיש
 * Zhuang: Hozlanz

Proper noun

 * 1) The main language of the Netherlands, Flanders (i.e., the northern half of Belgium) and Suriname; Netherlandic.
 * 2) * 2003, Anthony F. Buccini, "Ab errore liberato". The Northern Expansion of Frankish Power in the Merovingian Period and the Genesis of the Dutch Language, in: Amsterdamer Beiträge zur älteren Germanistik: Band 57 — 2003: Quod vulgo dicitur: Studien zum Altniederländischen, volume edited by Willy Pijnenburg, Arend Quak, Tanneke Schoonheim, here p. 183:
 * According to this view, Dutch is a descendant of Old (West) Low Franconian and [...]
 * 1)  German; the main language of the Holy Roman Empire (Germany, Austria, Alsace, Luxembourg).

Translations

 * Afrikaans:
 * Akan: Dɛɛkye
 * Albanian: gjuha holandeze
 * Alemannic German: Niederländisch
 * Arabic:
 * Hijazi Arabic: هُولَنْدِي
 * Aragonese: olandés
 * Armenian:, նիդերլանդերեն
 * Assamese: ওলন্দাজ ভাষা
 * Asturian:
 * Azerbaijani: Niderland dili
 * Banyumasan: Basa Landa
 * Basque:
 * Belarusian: гала́ндская мо́ва, гала́ндская
 * Breton: nederlandeg,
 * Bulgarian: холандски
 * Catalan: ,
 * Valencian: ,
 * Cherokee: ᏁᏓᎳ
 * Chinese:
 * Hakka: 荷蘭語
 * Hokkien: 荷蘭語, 和蘭語
 * Mandarin:
 * Cornish: iseldiryek
 * Corsican: neerlandese,, ,
 * Crimean Tatar: Felâmenk tili
 * Czech: ,
 * Danish: hollandsk,
 * Dhivehi:
 * Dutch:
 * Esperanto:
 * Estonian: hollandi
 * Farefare: tɩntɩnnɛ
 * Faroese:, hálendskt
 * Finnish:
 * French: ,
 * Galician:, lingua neerlandesa
 * Georgian: ნიდერლანდური ენა, ჰოლანდიური ენა
 * German: ,
 * Greek:
 * Gujarati:
 * Hebrew:
 * Hindi:
 * Hungarian:
 * Icelandic:
 * Ido: Nederlandana linguo,
 * Indonesian: bahasa Belanda
 * Interlingua: hollandese,
 * Inuktitut: ᐦᐅᓚᓐᑎᑐᑦ
 * Irish: Ísiltíris, Ollainnis
 * Italian: nederlandese,
 * Japanese: ,
 * Kazakh: нидерланд тілі, нидерландша
 * Khmer: ណេដឺរឡន់ថ៍
 * Korean:
 * Kurdish:
 * Northern Kurdish:
 * Latin: batavice, nederlandice
 * Latvian: nīderlandiešu, nīderlandiešu valoda
 * Ligurian: lengua olandeise
 * Limburgish:
 * Lingala: Lifalamá
 * Lithuanian: olandų kalba
 * Low German:
 * Dutch Low Saxon:
 * German Low German:
 * Luxembourgish: Nidderlännesch,
 * Macedonian: холандски јазик
 * Malay: bahasa Belanda
 * Manx: Ollanish
 * Mapudungun: olanda dungun
 * Marathi: डच भाषा
 * Navajo: Tsin Bikeeʼ Dineʼé bizaad
 * Nepali: डच
 * Norman: Hollandais
 * Northern Sami: Hollánddagiella
 * Norwegian:
 * Bokmål:
 * Nynorsk:
 * Occitan:, holandés
 * Ossetian: Нидерландаг ӕвзаг
 * Ottoman Turkish: فلمنكجه
 * Papiamentu: hulandes, idioma hulandes
 * Persian:
 * Piedmontese: olandèis, lenga olandèisa, neerlandèis, lenga neerlandèisa
 * Polish: (język), (język)
 * Portuguese:, , batavo
 * Quechua: Urasuyu simi
 * Romanian:, , limba olandeză
 * Russian: ,
 * Scots: Dutch leid
 * Serbo-Croatian:
 * Cyrillic: холандски, низоземски
 * Roman:, , nizozemski jezik
 * Sicilian: lingua ulannisa
 * Slovak:
 * Slovene:
 * Sotho: Se-dutch
 * Spanish: ,
 * Sranan Tongo: Bakratongo, wetimantongo
 * Swahili: Kiholanzi
 * Swedish: ,
 * Tagalog:
 * Tamil:
 * Thai:
 * Tigrinya: ዳች, ሆላንድኛ
 * Turkish:
 * Ukrainian:, голла́ндська
 * Upper Sorbian:
 * Urdu: ولندیزی, ڈچ
 * Venetian: łéngua ołandexe
 * Vietnamese: tiếng Hà Lan
 * Volapük:
 * Walloon: Neyerlandès
 * Welsh: iseldireg
 * West Flemish:
 * West Frisian: ,
 * Yiddish: האָלענדיש
 * Zulu: IsiHolandi

Noun

 * 1)  The people of the Netherlands, or one of certain ethnic groups descending from the people of the Netherlands.
 * 2)  Afrikaner people (Cape Dutch).
 * 3)  The Pennsylvania Dutch people.
 * 1)  Afrikaner people (Cape Dutch).
 * 2)  The Pennsylvania Dutch people.

Translations

 * Afrikaans: Nederlanders
 * Arabic: هُولَنْدِيُّون, هُولَنْدِيَّات
 * Aragonese: olandés, olandesa
 * Armenian: հոլանդացի, նիդերլանդացի
 * Basque: nederlandar, herbeheretar, holandar
 * Breton: izelvroat, nederlandat
 * Bulgarian: холандец
 * Buryat: нидерландынхид
 * Catalan:, ; , ,  ,
 * Valencian:, , ,
 * Chinese:
 * Mandarin: 荷蘭人
 * Corsican: neerlandese
 * Czech: Holanďané, Holanďani;, , ,
 * Danish: hollændere; hollænder
 * Dutch: ; ,
 * Esperanto: nederlandanoj; nederlandano, nederlandanino
 * Farefare: tɩntɩŋa, tɩntɩnsɩ
 * Faroese: niðurlendingar; niðurlendingur
 * Finnish: hollantilaiset, alankomaalaiset; ,
 * French:, ; , , ,
 * Galician:, , holandesa
 * Georgian: ნიდერლანდელები, ჰოლანდიელები, ნიდერლანდელი, ჰოლანდიელი
 * German:, ; , , ,
 * Greek:
 * Hawaiian: Hōlani
 * Hindi:, , , ओलंदेज़, ओलन्देज़, ,
 * Hungarian: ,
 * Icelandic: Hollendingar, Hollendingur
 * Indonesian:
 * Interlingua: hollandese,
 * Italian:, neerlandesi; , neerlandese
 * Japanese:
 * Javanese: wong Walanda, londo
 * Khmer:, ណេដឺរឡន់ថ៍
 * Korean:
 * Latin: Batāvī, batavus
 * Macedonian: Холанѓанец, Холанѓанка, Холанѓани
 * Malay:
 * Marathi: डच
 * Navajo: Tsin Bikeeʼ Dineʼé
 * Norwegian:
 * Bokmål: nederlendere, nederlendinger;, nederlending
 * Nynorsk:, ; ,
 * Ottoman Turkish: فلمنكلی
 * Persian: هلندی‌ها
 * Piedmontese: olandèis
 * Polish: Holendrzy, Niderlandczycy;, , ,
 * Portuguese:, neerlandeses; , , batavo
 * Romanian:, neerlandezi ; ,
 * Russian:, ; , , ,
 * Serbo-Croatian:
 * Cyrillic: Холанђанин, Низоземац, Холанђанка, Низоземкиња
 * Roman: Holanđanin,, Holanđanka, Nizozemkinja
 * Slovak: Holanďan, Holanďanka
 * Slovene: Nizozémci;, Nizozémka
 * Spanish:, ; , , ,
 * Sundanese: urang Walanda
 * Swedish:, , , , ,
 * Tagalog:, Olandesa
 * Turkish:
 * Urdu: ولندیزی
 * Venetian: olandexe
 * Vietnamese: người Hà Lan
 * West Frisian: Nederlanner, Hollanner

Verb

 * 1) To treat cocoa beans or powder with an alkali solution to darken the color and lessen the bitterness of the flavor.