Module:hi-noun

local export = {}

--[=[

Authorship: Ben Wing

]=]

--[=[

TERMINOLOGY:

-- "slot" = A particular combination of case/number. Example slot names for nouns are "dir_s" (direct singular) and "voc_p" (vocative plural). Each slot is filled with zero or more forms.

-- "form" = The declined Hindi form representing the value of a given slot.

-- "lemma" = The dictionary form of a given Hindi term. Generally the direct masculine singular, but may occasionally be another form if the direct masculine singular is missing. ]=]

local lang = require("Module:languages").getByCode("hi") local m_table = require("Module:table") local m_links = require("Module:links") local m_string_utilities = require("Module:string utilities") local iut = require("Module:inflection utilities") local m_para = require("Module:parameters") local com = require("Module:hi-common")

local u = require("Module:string/char") local rsplit = mw.text.split local rfind = mw.ustring.find local rmatch = mw.ustring.match local rgmatch = mw.ustring.gmatch local rsubn = mw.ustring.gsub local ulen = mw.ustring.len local usub = mw.ustring.sub local uupper = mw.ustring.upper local ulower = mw.ustring.lower

-- vowel diacritics; don't display nicely on their own local M = u(0x0901) local N = u(0x0902) local MN_c = "[" .. M .. N .. "]" local H = u(0x0903) local AA = u(0x093e) local E = u(0x0947) local EN = E .. N local I = u(0x093f) local II = u(0x0940) local O = u(0x094b) local ON = O .. N local U = u(0x0941) local UU = u(0x0942) local R = u(0x0943) local VIRAMA = u(0x094d) local TILDE = u(0x0303)

-- version of rsubn that discards all but the first return value local function rsub(term, foo, bar) local retval = rsubn(term, foo, bar) return retval end

-- version of rsubn that returns a 2nd argument boolean indicating whether -- a substitution was made. local function rsubb(term, foo, bar) local retval, nsubs = rsubn(term, foo, bar) return retval, nsubs > 0 end

local noun_slots = { dir_s = "dir|s", obl_s = "obl|s", voc_s = "voc|s", dir_p = "dir|p", obl_p = "obl|p", voc_p = "voc|p", }

local noun_slots_with_linked = m_table.shallowcopy(noun_slots) noun_slots_with_linked["dir_s_linked"] = "dir|s" noun_slots_with_linked["dir_p_linked"] = "dir|p"

local input_params_to_slots_both = { [1] = "dir_s", [2] = "dir_p", [3] = "obl_s", [4] = "obl_p", [5] = "voc_s", [6] = "voc_p", }

local input_params_to_slots_sg = { [1] = "dir_s", [2] = "obl_s", [3] = "voc_s", }

local input_params_to_slots_pl = { [1] = "dir_p", [2] = "obl_p", [3] = "voc_p", }

local cases = { dir = true, obl = true, voc = true, }

local function skip_slot(number, slot) return number == "sg" and rfind(slot, "_p$") or		number == "pl" and rfind(slot, "_s$") end

local function add(base, stem, translit_stem, slot, ending, footnotes) if skip_slot(base.number, slot) then return end

com.add_form(base, stem, translit_stem, slot, ending, footnotes) end

local function process_slot_overrides(base) for slot, overrides in pairs(base.overrides) do		if skip_slot(base.number, slot) then error("Override specified for invalid slot '" .. slot .. "' due to '" .. base.number .. "' number restriction") end base.forms[slot] = nil for _, override in ipairs(overrides) do			for _, value in ipairs(override.values) do				local form = value.form local tr = com.transliterate_respelling(value.phon_form) local combined_notes = iut.combine_footnotes(base.footnotes, value.footnotes) assert(override.full) if form ~= "" then iut.insert_form(base.forms, slot, {form = form, translit = tr, footnotes = combined_notes}) end end end end end

local function add_decl(base, stem, translit_stem, dir_s, obl_s, voc_s, dir_p, obl_p, voc_p,	footnotes ) if not stem then stem = base.lemma translit_stem = base.lemma_translit end local plstem, pl_translit_stem = stem, translit_stem if base.plstem then plstem = base.plstem pl_translit_stem = base.pl_translit_stem end add(base, stem, translit_stem, "dir_s", dir_s, footnotes) add(base, stem, translit_stem, "obl_s", obl_s, footnotes) add(base, stem, translit_stem, "voc_s", voc_s, footnotes) add(base, plstem, pl_translit_stem, "dir_p", dir_p, footnotes) add(base, plstem, pl_translit_stem, "obl_p", obl_p, footnotes) add(base, plstem, pl_translit_stem, "voc_p", voc_p, footnotes) end

local function handle_derived_slots_and_overrides(base) process_slot_overrides(base)

-- Compute linked versions of potential lemma slots, for use in. -- We substitute the original lemma (before removing links) for forms that -- are the same as the lemma, if the original lemma has links. for _, slot in ipairs({"dir_s", "dir_p"}) do iut.insert_forms(base.forms, slot .. "_linked", iut.map_forms(base.forms[slot], function(form) if form == base.orig_lemma_no_links and rfind(base.orig_lemma, "%[%[") then return base.orig_lemma else return form end end)) end end

local function fetch_final_mn(base) local mn = rmatch(base.lemma, "(" .. MN_c .. ")$")	if not mn then error("Internal error: Lemma " .. base.lemma .. " should end in nasal vowel") end return mn end

local decls = {} local declprops = {}

decls["c-m"] = function(base) add_decl(base, nil, nil, "", "", "", "", ON, O) end

declprops["c-m"] = { desc = "masc cons-stem", cat = "masculine consonant-stem ~", }

decls["c-f"] = function(base) add_decl(base, nil, nil, "", "", "", EN, ON, O) end

declprops["c-f"] = { desc = "fem cons-stem", cat = "feminine consonant-stem ~", }

decls["ā-m"] = function(base) if rfind(base.lemma, "या$") then local stem, translit_stem = com.strip_ending(base, "या") add_decl(base, stem, translit_stem, "या", "ए", "ए", "ए", "यों", "यो") add_decl(base, stem, translit_stem, nil, "ये", "ये", "ये") else local stem, translit_stem = com.strip_ending(base, AA) add_decl(base, stem, translit_stem, AA, E, E, E, ON, O)	end end

-- E.g. तेंदुआ "leopard" decls["ind-ā-m"] = function(base) local stem, translit_stem = com.strip_ending(base, "आ") add_decl(base, stem, translit_stem, "आ", "ए", "ए", "ए", "ओं", "ओ") end

decls["unmarked-ā-m"] = function(base) add_decl(base, nil, nil, "", "", "", "", "ओं", "ओ") end

declprops["unmarked-ā-m"] = { desc = "masc unmarked ā-stem", cat = "masculine unmarked ā-stem ~", }

-- No need for ind-unmarked-ā-m because declension is "unmarked", i.e. all endings -- are added after the vowel.

-- E.g. रेस्तराँ "restaurant" decls["unmarked-ān-m"] = function(base) local mn = fetch_final_mn(base) local ending = AA .. mn	local stem, translit_stem = com.strip_ending(base, ending) add_decl(base, stem, translit_stem, ending, ending, ending, ending, AA .. "ओं", AA .. "ओं") end

declprops["unmarked-ān-m"] = { desc = "masc unmarked ā̃-stem", cat = "masculine unmarked ā̃-stem ~", }

decls["ind-unmarked-ān-m"] = function(base) local mn = fetch_final_mn(base) local ending = "आ" .. mn	local stem, translit_stem = com.strip_ending(base, ending) add_decl(base, stem, translit_stem, ending, ending, ending, ending, "आओं", "आओं") end

declprops["ind-unmarked-ān-m"] = { desc = "masc ind unmarked ā̃-stem", cat = "masculine independent unmarked ā̃-stem ~", }

-- E.g. ख़ानसामाँ "butler, cook" decls["ān-m"] = function(base) local mn = fetch_final_mn(base) local ending = AA .. mn	local stem, translit_stem = com.strip_ending(base, ending) add_decl(base, stem, translit_stem, ending, EN, EN, EN, ON, ON) end

-- E.g. कुआँ "well" decls["ind-ān-m"] = function(base) local mn = fetch_final_mn(base) local ending = "आ" .. mn	local stem, translit_stem = com.strip_ending(base, ending) add_decl(base, stem, translit_stem, ending, "एँ", "एँ", "एँ", "ओं", "ओं") end

decls["ā-f"] = function(base) add_decl(base, nil, nil, "", "", "", "एँ", "ओं", "ओ") end

-- No need for ind-ā-f because declension is "unmarked", i.e. all endings -- are added after the vowel.

decls["ān-f"] = function(base) local mn = fetch_final_mn(base) local ending = AA .. mn	local stem, translit_stem = com.strip_ending(base, ending) add_decl(base, stem, translit_stem, ending, ending, ending, AA .. "एँ", AA .. "ओं", AA .. "ओं") end

decls["ind-ān-f"] = function(base) local mn = fetch_final_mn(base) local ending = "आ" .. mn	local stem, translit_stem = com.strip_ending(base, ending) add_decl(base, stem, translit_stem, ending, ending, ending, "आएँ", "आओं", "आओं") end

decls["i-m"] = function(base) add_decl(base, nil, nil, "", "", "", "", "यों", "यो") end

decls["i-f"] = function(base) add_decl(base, nil, nil, "", "", "", "याँ", "यों", "यो") end

-- E.g. प्रधान मंत्री "prime minister" decls["ī-m"] = function(base) local stem, translit_stem = com.strip_ending(base, II) add_decl(base, stem, translit_stem, II, II, II, II, I .. "यों", I .. "यो") end

-- E.g. भाई "brother" decls["ind-ī-m"] = function(base) local stem, translit_stem = com.strip_ending(base, "ई") add_decl(base, stem, translit_stem, "ई", "ई", "ई", "ई", "इयों", "इयो") end

decls["īn-m"] = function(base) local stem, translit_stem = com.strip_ending(base, II .. N) add_decl(base, stem, translit_stem, II .. N, II .. N, II .. N, II .. N, I .. "यों", I .. "यों") end

decls["ind-īn-m"] = function(base) local stem, translit_stem = com.strip_ending(base, "ईं") add_decl(base, stem, translit_stem, "ईं", "ईं", "ईं", "ईं", "इयों", "इयों") end

decls["ī-f"] = function(base) local stem, translit_stem = com.strip_ending(base, II) add_decl(base, stem, translit_stem, II, II, II, I .. "याँ", I .. "यों", I .. "यो") end

-- E.g. दवाई "medicine", डोई "wooden ladle", तेंदुई "female leopard", मिठाई "sweet, dessert" decls["ind-ī-f"] = function(base) local stem, translit_stem = com.strip_ending(base, "ई") add_decl(base, stem, translit_stem, "ई", "ई", "ई", "इयाँ", "इयों", "इयो") end

decls["īn-f"] = function(base) local stem, translit_stem = com.strip_ending(base, II .. N) add_decl(base, stem, translit_stem, II .. N, II .. N, II .. N, I .. "याँ", I .. "यों", I .. "यों") end

decls["ind-īn-f"] = function(base) local stem, translit_stem = com.strip_ending(base, "ईं") add_decl(base, stem, translit_stem, "ईं", "ईं", "ईं", "इयाँ", "इयों", "इयों") end

decls["iyā-f"] = function(base) local stem, translit_stem = com.strip_ending(base, "या") add_decl(base, stem, translit_stem, "या", "या", "या", "याँ", "यों", "यो") end

decls["iyān-f"] = function(base) local mn = fetch_final_mn(base) local ending = "या" .. mn	local stem, translit_stem = com.strip_ending(base, ending) add_decl(base, stem, translit_stem, ending, ending, ending, ending, "यों", "यों") end

decls["o-m"] = function(base) local stem, translit_stem = com.strip_ending(base, O)	add_decl(base, stem, translit_stem, O, O, O, O, ON, O) end

decls["on-m"] = function(base) local stem, translit_stem = com.strip_ending(base, ON) add_decl(base, stem, translit_stem, ON, ON, ON, ON, ON, ON) end

decls["u-m"] = function(base) add_decl(base, nil, nil, "", "", "", "", "ओं", "ओ") end

decls["u-f"] = function(base) add_decl(base, nil, nil, "", "", "", "एँ", "ओं", "ओ") end

decls["ū-m"] = function(base) local stem, translit_stem = com.strip_ending(base, UU) add_decl(base, stem, translit_stem, UU, UU, UU, UU, U .. "ओं", U .. "ओ") end

decls["ind-ū-m"] = function(base) local stem, translit_stem = com.strip_ending(base, "ऊ") add_decl(base, stem, translit_stem, "ऊ", "ऊ", "ऊ", "ऊ", "उओं", "उओ") end

decls["ūn-m"] = function(base) local mn = fetch_final_mn(base) local ending = UU .. mn	local stem, translit_stem = com.strip_ending(base, ending) add_decl(base, stem, translit_stem, ending, ending, ending, ending, U .. "ओं", U .. "ओं") end

decls["ind-ūn-m"] = function(base) local mn = fetch_final_mn(base) local ending = "ऊ" .. mn	local stem, translit_stem = com.strip_ending(base, ending) add_decl(base, stem, translit_stem, ending, ending, ending, ending, "उओं", "उओं") end

decls["ū-f"] = function(base) local stem, translit_stem = com.strip_ending(base, UU) add_decl(base, stem, translit_stem, UU, UU, UU, U .. "एँ", U .. "ओं", U .. "ओ") end

decls["ind-ū-f"] = function(base) local stem, translit_stem = com.strip_ending(base, "ऊ") add_decl(base, stem, translit_stem, "ऊ", "ऊ", "ऊ", "उएँ", "उओं", "उओ") end

-- E.g. जूँ "louse" decls["ūn-f"] = function(base) local mn = fetch_final_mn(base) local ending = UU .. mn	local stem, translit_stem = com.strip_ending(base, ending) add_decl(base, stem, translit_stem, ending, ending, ending, U .. "एँ", U .. "ओं", U .. "ओं") end

decls["ind-ūn-f"] = function(base) local mn = fetch_final_mn(base) local ending = "ऊ" .. mn	local stem, translit_stem = com.strip_ending(base, ending) add_decl(base, stem, translit_stem, ending, ending, ending, "उएँ", "उओं", "उओं") end

decls["r-m"] = function(base) add_decl(base, nil, nil, "", "", "", "", "ओं", "ओ") end

-- E.g. प्रातः "morning" decls["h-m"] = function(base) local stem, translit_stem = com.strip_ending(base, H)	add_decl(base, stem, translit_stem, H, H, H, H, ON, O) end

decls["indecl"] = function(base) add_decl(base, nil, nil, "", "", "", "", "", "") end

declprops["indecl"] = { desc = "indecl", cat = "indeclinable ~", }

decls["adj"] = function(base, stress) local adj_alternant_multiword_spec = require("Module:hi-adjective").do_generate_forms(		{base.lemma .. "//" .. base.lemma_translit}	) local function copy(from_slot, to_slot) base.forms[to_slot] = adj_alternant_multiword_spec.forms[from_slot] end if base.number ~= "pl" then copy("dir_m_s", "dir_s") copy("obl_m_s", "obl_s") copy("voc_m_s", "voc_s") end if base.number ~= "sg" then copy("dir_m_p", "dir_p") copy("obl_m_p", "obl_p") copy("voc_m_p", "voc_p") end end

declprops["adj"] = { desc = "adj", cat = "adjectival ~", }

local function fetch_footnotes(separated_group) local footnotes for j = 2, #separated_group - 1, 2 do		if separated_group[j + 1] ~= "" then error("Extraneous text after bracketed footnotes: '" .. table.concat(separated_group) .. "'") end if not footnotes then footnotes = {} end table.insert(footnotes, separated_group[j]) end return footnotes end

--[=[ Parse a single override spec and return two values: the slot the override applies to, and an object describing the override spec. The input is actually a list where the footnotes have been separated out. For example, given the spec 'oblpl:हज़ारों:हज़ारहा[rare]', the input will be a list {"oblpl:हज़ारों:हज़ारहा", "[rare]", ""}. The object returned for this example looks like this:

{ full = true, values = { {     form = "हज़ारों" },   {      form = "हज़ारहा", footnotes = {"[rare]"} } } } ]=] local function parse_override(segments) local retval = {values = {}} local part = segments[1] local offset = 4 local case = usub(part, 1, 3) if cases[case] then -- ok	else error("Internal error: unrecognized case in override: '" .. table.concat(segments) .. "'") end local rest = usub(part, offset) local slot if rfind(rest, "^pl") then rest = rsub(rest, "^pl", "") slot = case .. "_p" else slot = case .. "_s" end if rfind(rest, "^:") then retval.full = true rest = rsub(rest, "^:", "") else error("Suffix overrides not currently supported: " .. part) end segments[1] = rest local colon_separated_groups = iut.split_alternating_runs(segments, ":") for i, colon_separated_group in ipairs(colon_separated_groups) do		local value = {} local form = colon_separated_group[1] if form == "" then error("Use - to indicate an empty ending for slot '" .. slot .. "': '" .. table.concat(segments .. "'"))		elseif form == "-" then value.form = "" else value.form, value.phon_form = com.split_term_respelling(form) end value.footnotes = fetch_footnotes(colon_separated_group) table.insert(retval.values, value) end return slot, retval end

--[=[ Parse an indicator spec (text consisting of angle brackets and zero or more dot-separated indicators within them). Return value is an object of the form

{ overrides = { SLOT = {OVERRIDE, OVERRIDE, ...}, -- as returned by parse_override ... },  forms = {}, -- forms for a single spec alternant; see `forms` below footnotes = {"FOOTNOTE", "FOOTNOTE", ...}, -- may be missing explicit_gender = "GENDER", -- "M", "F"; may be missing number = "NUMBER", -- "sg", "pl"; may be missing adj = true, -- may be missing indecl = true, -- may be missing unmarked = true, -- may be missing iya = true, -- may be missing plstem = "PLSTEM", -- may be missing pl_phon_stem = "PLSTEM-PHONETIC-RESPELLING", -- as specified by the user; may be missing pl_translit_stem = "PLSTEM-TRANSLIT", -- translit of pl_phon_stem (if present) or plstem; may be missing

-- The following additional fields are added by other functions: orig_lemma = "ORIGINAL-LEMMA", -- as given by the user or taken from pagename orig_lemma_no_links = "ORIGINAL-LEMMA-NO-LINKS", -- links removed lemma = "LEMMA", -- `orig_lemma_no_links`, converted to singular form if plural phon_lemma = "LEMMA-PHONETIC-RESPELLING", -- as specified by the user; may be missing lemma_translit = "LEMMA-TRANSLIT", -- translit of phon_lemma (if present) or lemma forms = { SLOT = { {		form = "FORM", footnotes = {"FOOTNOTE", "FOOTNOTE", ...} -- may be missing },	 ...	},	...  },  decl = "DECL", -- declension, e.g. "ind-ūn-f" } ]=] local function parse_indicator_spec(angle_bracket_spec) local inside = rmatch(angle_bracket_spec, "^<(.*)>$") assert(inside) local base = {overrides = {}, forms = {}} if inside ~= "" then local segments = iut.parse_balanced_segment_run(inside, "[", "]") local dot_separated_groups = iut.split_alternating_runs(segments, "%.") for i, dot_separated_group in ipairs(dot_separated_groups) do			local part = dot_separated_group[1] local case_prefix = usub(part, 1, 3) if cases[case_prefix] then local slot, override = parse_override(dot_separated_group) if base.overrides[slot] then table.insert(base.overrides[slot], override) else base.overrides[slot] = {override} end elseif part == "" then if #dot_separated_group == 1 then error("Blank indicator: '" .. inside .. "'") end base.footnotes = fetch_footnotes(dot_separated_group) elseif #dot_separated_group > 1 then error("Footnotes only allowed with slot overrides or by themselves: '" .. table.concat(dot_separated_group) .. "'") elseif part == "M" or part == "F" then if base.explicit_gender then error("Can't specify gender twice: '" .. inside .. "'") end base.explicit_gender = part elseif part == "sg" or part == "pl" then if base.number then error("Can't specify number twice: '" .. inside .. "'") end base.number = part elseif part == "+" then if base.adj then error("Can't specify '+' twice: '" .. inside .. "'") end base.adj = true elseif part == "$" then if base.indecl then error("Can't specify '$' twice: '" .. inside .. "'") end base.indecl = true elseif part == "unmarked" then if base.unmarked then error("Can't specify 'unmarked' twice: '" .. inside .. "'") end base.unmarked = true elseif part == "iyā" then if base.iya then error("Can't specify 'iyā' twice: '" .. inside .. "'") end base.iya = true elseif rfind(part, "^plstem:") then if base.plstem then error("Can't specify plural stem twice: '" .. inside .. "'") end base.plstem, base.pl_phon_stem = com.split_term_respelling(rsub(part, "^plstem:", "")) base.pl_translit_stem = com.transliterate_respelling(base.pl_phon_stem) or (lang:transliterate(base.plstem)) else error("Unrecognized indicator '" .. part .. "': '" .. inside .. "'") end end end return base end

local function set_defaults_and_check_bad_indicators(base) -- Set default values. if not base.adj and not base.indecl then base.number = base.number or "both" end base.gender = base.explicit_gender if base.iya then if base.adj then error("Can't specify both '+' and 'iya'") end if base.gender == "M" then error("Can't specify M gender with 'iyā' indicator") end if not rfind(base.lemma, I .. "याँ?$") and not rfind(base.lemma, "-इयाँ?$") then error("With 'iyā' indicator, lemma must end in " .. I .. "या or " .. I .. "याँ: " .. base.lemma) end base.gender = "F" end if base.unmarked then if base.adj then error("Can't specify both '+' and 'unmarked'") end if base.iya then error("Can't specify both 'iya' and 'unmarked'") end if base.gender == "F" then error("Can't specify F gender with 'unmarked' indicator") end base.gender = "M" end if rfind(base.lemma, "[" .. O .. H .. R .. "]$") then if base.gender == "F" then error("Can't specify F gender with lemma ending in " .. O .. ", " .. H .. " or " .. R .. ": " .. base.lemma) end base.gender = "M" end if not base.gender and not base.adj and not base.indecl then error("Unless lemma is in " .. O .. ", " .. H .. " or " .. R .. " or 'iya', 'unmarked' or '$' specified, gender must be given: " .. base.lemma) end if base.adj and base.indecl then error("Can't specify both '+' and '$' on the same lemma " .. base.lemma) end end

-- For a plural-only lemma, synthesize a likely singular lemma. It doesn't have to be -- theoretically correct as long as it generates all the correct plural forms. local function synthesize_singular_lemma(base) if not base.gender then error("For plural-only lemma, need to specify the gender: '" .. base.lemma .. "'") end if base.gender == "M" then if rfind(base.lemma, E .. "$") then local stem, translit_stem = com.strip_ending(base, E) base.lemma = stem .. AA base.lemma_translit = translit_stem .. "ā" return end if rfind(base.lemma, "ए$") then -- FIXME, what about -iyā -> -ie? local stem, translit_stem = com.strip_ending(base, "ए") base.lemma = stem .. "अ" base.lemma_translit = translit_stem .. "ā" return end local ending = rmatch(base.lemma, "(" .. E .. MN_c .. ")$")		if ending then local stem, translit_stem = com.strip_ending(base, ending) base.lemma = stem .. AA .. M base.lemma_translit = translit_stem .. "ā̃" return end local ending = rmatch(base.lemma, "(ए" .. MN_c .. ")$")		if ending then local stem, translit_stem = com.strip_ending(base, ending) base.lemma = stem .. "अ" .. M base.lemma_translit = translit_stem .. "ā̃" return end -- Otherwise, singular same as plural and lemma is already correct. else assert(base.gender == "F") local function add_dir_p_override -- Add an override to force the direct plural to match. This is needed below -- in case the lemma ends in anusvara instead of chandrabindu (because the			-- declension functions generate a direct plural with chandrabindu) and also -- when the direct plural is the same as the singular. if not base.overrides.dir_p then base.overrides.dir_p = {} end table.insert(base.overrides.dir_p, {full = true, values = }) end local ending = rmatch(base.lemma, "(" .. EN .. ")$")		if ending then local stem, translit_stem = com.strip_ending(base, ending) base.lemma = stem base.lemma_translit = translit_stem return end local ending = rmatch(base.lemma, "(ए" .. MN_c .. ")$")		if ending then add_dir_p_override -- in case lemma ends in anusvara local stem, translit_stem = com.strip_ending(base, ending) base.lemma = stem base.lemma_translit = translit_stem return end local ending = rmatch(base.lemma, "(या " .. MN_c .. ")$")		if ending then add_dir_p_override -- in case lemma ends in anusvara -- This may or may not produce the "right" singular but regardless, -- the plural will be correct, which is all that matters. local stem, translit_stem = com.strip_ending(base, ending) base.lemma = stem base.lemma_translit = translit_stem return end -- We seem to have an endingless plural, e.g. औलाद. Add an override to the dir_p slot -- to force this form. add_dir_p_override end end

-- For an adjectival lemma, synthesize the masc singular form. local function synthesize_adj_lemma(base) if not rfind(base.lemma, "[अ" .. AA .. "]" .. MN_c .. "?$") then error("Unrecognized adjectival lemma: " .. base.lemma) end base.gender = "M" base.decl = "adj" end

-- Determine the declension based on the lemma and gender. The declension is -- set in base.decl. local function determine_declension(base) if base.decl then return end assert(not base.adj) if base.indecl then base.decl = "indecl" elseif base.gender == "M" then if base.unmarked then if rfind(base.lemma, AA .. "$") or rfind(base.lemma, "आ$") then base.decl = "unmarked-ā-m" elseif rfind(base.lemma, AA .. MN_c .. "$") then base.decl = "unmarked-ān-m" elseif rfind(base.lemma, "आ" .. MN_c .. "$") then base.decl = "ind-unmarked-ān-m" else error("With 'unmarked' indicator, lemma must end in " .. AA .. ", " .. AA .. M .. ", " ..					AA .. N .. ", आ, आँ: or आं " .. base.lemma) end elseif rfind(base.lemma, AA .. "$") then base.decl = "ā-m" elseif rfind(base.lemma, "आ$") then base.decl = "ind-ā-m" elseif rfind(base.lemma, AA .. MN_c .. "$") then base.decl = "ān-m" elseif rfind(base.lemma, "आ" .. MN_c .. "$") then base.decl = "ind-ān-m" elseif rfind(base.lemma, I .. "$") then base.decl = "i-m" elseif rfind(base.lemma, II .. "$") then base.decl = "ī-m" elseif rfind(base.lemma, "ई$") then base.decl = "ind-ī-m" elseif rfind(base.lemma, II .. N .. "$") then base.decl = "īn-m" elseif rfind(base.lemma, "ईं$") then base.decl = "ind-īn-m" elseif rfind(base.lemma, O .. "$") then base.decl = "o-m" elseif rfind(base.lemma, O .. N .. "$") then base.decl = "on-m" elseif rfind(base.lemma, U .. "$") then base.decl = "u-m" elseif rfind(base.lemma, UU .. "$") then base.decl = "ū-m" elseif rfind(base.lemma, "ऊ$") then base.decl = "ind-ū-m" elseif rfind(base.lemma, UU .. MN_c .. "$") then base.decl = "ūn-m" elseif rfind(base.lemma, "ऊ" .. MN_c .. "$") then base.decl = "ind-ūn-m" elseif rfind(base.lemma, R .. "$") then base.decl = "r-m" elseif rfind(base.lemma, H .. "$") then base.decl = "h-m" else base.decl = "c-m" end else assert(base.gender == "F") if base.iya then if rfind(base.lemma, MN_c .. "$") then base.decl = "iyān-f" else base.decl = "iyā-f" end elseif rfind(base.lemma, AA .. "$") or rfind(base.lemma, "आ$") then base.decl = "ā-f" elseif rfind(base.lemma, AA .. MN_c .. "$") then base.decl = "ān-f" elseif rfind(base.lemma, "आ" .. MN_c .. "$") then base.decl = "ind-ān-f" elseif rfind(base.lemma, I .. "$") then base.decl = "i-f" elseif rfind(base.lemma, II .. "$") then base.decl = "ī-f" elseif rfind(base.lemma, "ई$") then base.decl = "ind-ī-f" elseif rfind(base.lemma, II .. N .. "$") then base.decl = "īn-f" elseif rfind(base.lemma, "ईं$") then base.decl = "ind-īn-f" elseif rfind(base.lemma, U .. "$") then base.decl = "u-f" elseif rfind(base.lemma, UU .. "$") then base.decl = "ū-f" elseif rfind(base.lemma, "ऊ$") then base.decl = "ind-ū-f" elseif rfind(base.lemma, UU .. MN_c .. "$") then base.decl = "ūn-f" elseif rfind(base.lemma, "ऊ" .. MN_c .. "$") then base.decl = "ind-ūn-f" else base.decl = "c-f" end end end

local function detect_indicator_spec(base) set_defaults_and_check_bad_indicators(base) if base.adj then synthesize_adj_lemma(base) else if base.number == "pl" then synthesize_singular_lemma(base) end determine_declension(base) end end

local function detect_all_indicator_specs(alternant_multiword_spec) iut.map_word_specs(alternant_multiword_spec, function(base)		detect_indicator_spec(base)	end) end

local propagate_multiword_properties

local function propagate_alternant_properties(alternant_spec, property, mixed_value, nouns_only) local seen_property for _, multiword_spec in ipairs(alternant_spec.alternants) do		propagate_multiword_properties(multiword_spec, property, mixed_value, nouns_only) if seen_property == nil then seen_property = multiword_spec[property] elseif multiword_spec[property] and seen_property ~= multiword_spec[property] then seen_property = mixed_value end end alternant_spec[property] = seen_property end

propagate_multiword_properties = function(multiword_spec, property, mixed_value, nouns_only) local seen_property = nil local last_seen_nounal_pos = 0 local word_specs = multiword_spec.alternant_or_word_specs or multiword_spec.word_specs for i = 1, #word_specs do		local is_nounal if word_specs[i].alternants then propagate_alternant_properties(word_specs[i], property, mixed_value) is_nounal = not not word_specs[i][property] elseif nouns_only then is_nounal = not word_specs[i].adj and not word_specs[i].indecl else is_nounal = not not word_specs[i][property] end if is_nounal then if not word_specs[i][property] then error("Internal error: noun-type word spec without " .. property .. " set") end for j = last_seen_nounal_pos + 1, i - 1 do				word_specs[j][property] = word_specs[j][property] or word_specs[i][property] end last_seen_nounal_pos = i			if seen_property == nil then seen_property = word_specs[i][property] elseif seen_property ~= word_specs[i][property] then seen_property = mixed_value end end end if last_seen_nounal_pos > 0 then for i = last_seen_nounal_pos + 1, #word_specs do			word_specs[i][property] = word_specs[i][property] or word_specs[last_seen_nounal_pos][property] end end multiword_spec[property] = seen_property end

local function propagate_properties_downward(alternant_multiword_spec, property, default_propval) local propval1 = alternant_multiword_spec[property] or default_propval for _, alternant_or_word_spec in ipairs(alternant_multiword_spec.alternant_or_word_specs) do		local propval2 = alternant_or_word_spec[property] or propval1 if alternant_or_word_spec.alternants then for _, multiword_spec in ipairs(alternant_or_word_spec.alternants) do				local propval3 = multiword_spec[property] or propval2 for _, word_spec in ipairs(multiword_spec.word_specs) do					local propval4 = word_spec[property] or propval3 if propval4 == "mixed" then error("Attempt to assign mixed " .. property .. " to word") end word_spec[property] = propval4 end end else if propval2 == "mixed" then error("Attempt to assign mixed " .. property .. " to word") end alternant_or_word_spec[property] = propval2 end end end

--[=[ Propagate `property` (one of "animacy", "gender" or "number") from nouns to adjacent adjectives. We proceed as follows: 1. We assume the properties in question are already set on all nouns. This should happen in set_defaults_and_check_bad_indicators. 2. We first propagate properties upwards and sideways. We recurse downwards from the top. When we encounter a multiword spec, we proceed left to right looking for a noun. When we find a noun, we fetch its property (recursing if the noun is an alternant), and propagate it to any adjectives to its left, up to the next noun to the left. When we have processed the last noun, we also propagate its property value to any adjectives to the right (to handle e.g. пустальга звычайная "common kestrel", where  the adjective польовий should inherit the 'animal' animacy of лунь). Finally, we set the property value for the multiword spec itself by combining all the non-nil properties of the individual elements. If all non-nil properties have the same value, the result is that value, otherwise it is `mixed_value` (which is "mixed" for animacy  and gender, but "both" for number). 3. When we encounter an alternant spec in this process, we recursively process each alternant (which is a multiword spec) using the previous step, and combine any non-nil properties we encounter the same way as for multiword specs. 4. The effect of steps 2 and 3 is to set the property of each alternant and multiword spec based on its children or its neighbors. ]=] local function propagate_properties(alternant_multiword_spec, property, default_propval, mixed_value) propagate_multiword_properties(alternant_multiword_spec, property, mixed_value, "nouns only") propagate_multiword_properties(alternant_multiword_spec, property, mixed_value, false) propagate_properties_downward(alternant_multiword_spec, property, default_propval) end

-- Find the first noun in a multiword expression and set alternant_multiword_spec.first_noun -- to the index of that noun. Also find the first adjective and set alternant_multiword_spec.first_adj -- similarly. If there is a first noun, we use its properties to determine the overall expression's -- properties; otherwise we use the first adjective's properties, otherwise the first word's properties. -- If the "word" located this way is not an alternant spec, we just use its properties directly, otherwise -- we use the properties of the first noun (or failing that the first adjective, or failing that the -- first word) in each alternative alternant in the alternant spec. For this reason, we need to set the -- the .first_noun of and .first_adj of each multiword expression embedded in the first noun alternant spec, -- and the .first_adj of each multiword expression in each adjective alternant spec leading up to the -- first noun alternant spec. local function determine_noun_status(alternant_multiword_spec) for i, alternant_or_word_spec in ipairs(alternant_multiword_spec.alternant_or_word_specs) do		if alternant_or_word_spec.alternants then local alternant_type for _, multiword_spec in ipairs(alternant_or_word_spec.alternants) do				for j, word_spec in ipairs(multiword_spec.word_specs) do					if not word_spec.indecl then if not word_spec.adj then multiword_spec.first_noun = j							alternant_type = "noun" break elseif not multiword_spec.first_adj then multiword_spec.first_adj = j							if not alternant_type then alternant_type = "adj" end end end end end if alternant_type == "noun" then alternant_multiword_spec.first_noun = i				return elseif alternant_type == "adj" and not alternant_multiword_spec.first_adj then alternant_multiword_spec.first_adj = i			end elseif not alternant_or_word_spec.indecl then if not alternant_or_word_spec.adj then alternant_multiword_spec.first_noun = i				return elseif not alternant_multiword_spec.first_adj then alternant_multiword_spec.first_adj = i			end end end end

local function decline_noun(base) if not decls[base.decl] then error("Internal error: Unrecognized declension type '" .. base.decl .. "'") end decls[base.decl](base) handle_derived_slots_and_overrides(base) end

local function process_manual_overrides(forms, args, number) local params_to_slots_map = number == "sg" and input_params_to_slots_sg or		number == "pl" and input_params_to_slots_pl or		input_params_to_slots_both for param, slot in pairs(params_to_slots_map) do		if args[param] then forms[slot] = nil if args[param] ~= "-" and args[param] ~= "—" then for _, form in ipairs(rsplit(args[param], "%s*,%s*")) do					local hi, phon = com.split_term_respelling(form) local tr = phon and com.transliterate_respelling(phon) or nil iut.insert_form(forms, slot, {form=form, translit=tr}) end end end end end

local function compute_category_and_desc(base) local props = declprops[base.decl] if props then return props.cat, props.desc end local rest, gender = rmatch(base.decl, "^(.+)%-([mf])$") if not gender then error("Internal error: Don't know how to parse decl '" .. base.decl .. "'") end local cat_gender = gender == "m" and "masculine" or "feminine" local desc_gender = gender == "m" and "masc" or "fem" local ind, stem = rmatch(rest, "^(ind%-)(.*)$") if not ind then stem = rest end stem = rsub(stem, "n$", TILDE) if ind then return cat_gender .. " independent " .. stem .. "-stem ~", desc_gender .. " ind " .. stem .. "-stem" else return cat_gender .. " " .. stem .. "-stem ~", desc_gender .. " " .. stem .. "-stem" end end

-- Compute the categories to add the noun to, as well as the annotation to display in the -- declension title bar. We combine the code to do these functions as both categories and -- title bar contain similar information. local function compute_categories_and_annotation(alternant_multiword_spec) local cats = {} local function insert(cattype) cattype = rsub(cattype, "~", alternant_multiword_spec.pos) m_table.insertIfNot(cats, "Hindi " .. cattype) end if alternant_multiword_spec.number == "sg" then insert("uncountable ~") elseif alternant_multiword_spec.number == "pl" then insert("pluralia tantum") end local annotation if alternant_multiword_spec.manual then alternant_multiword_spec.annotation = alternant_multiword_spec.number == "sg" and "sg-only" or			alternant_multiword_spec.number == "pl" and "pl-only" or			"" else local annparts = {} local decldescs = {} local function do_word_spec(base) local cat, desc = compute_category_and_desc(base) insert(cat) m_table.insertIfNot(decldescs, desc) if base.plstem then insert("~ with irregular plural stem") end if (lang:transliterate(base.lemma)) ~= base.lemma_translit then insert("~ with phonetic respelling") end end local key_entry = alternant_multiword_spec.first_noun or alternant_multiword_spec.first_adj or 1 if #alternant_multiword_spec.alternant_or_word_specs >= key_entry then local alternant_or_word_spec = alternant_multiword_spec.alternant_or_word_specs[key_entry] if alternant_or_word_spec.alternants then for _, multiword_spec in ipairs(alternant_or_word_spec.alternants) do					key_entry = multiword_spec.first_noun or multiword_spec.first_adj or 1 if #multiword_spec.word_specs >= key_entry then do_word_spec(multiword_spec.word_specs[key_entry]) end end else do_word_spec(alternant_or_word_spec) end end if alternant_multiword_spec.number ~= "both" then table.insert(annparts, alternant_multiword_spec.number == "sg" and "sg-only" or "pl-only") end if #decldescs == 0 then table.insert(annparts, "indecl") else table.insert(annparts, table.concat(decldescs, " // ")) end alternant_multiword_spec.annotation = table.concat(annparts, " ") if #decldescs > 1 then insert("~ with multiple declensions") end end alternant_multiword_spec.categories = cats end

local function show_forms(alternant_multiword_spec) local lemmas = alternant_multiword_spec.forms.dir_s or alternant_multiword_spec.forms.dir_p or {} local props = { lemmas = lemmas, slot_table = noun_slots_with_linked, lang = lang, include_translit = true, -- Explicit additional top-level footnotes only occur with and variants. footnotes = alternant_multiword_spec.footnotes, allow_footnote_symbols = not not alternant_multiword_spec.footnotes, }	iut.show_forms(alternant_multiword_spec.forms, props) end

local function make_table(alternant_multiword_spec) local forms = alternant_multiword_spec.forms

local table_spec_both = [=[ {title}{annotation} {\op}| style="background:#F9F9F9;text-align:center;min-width:45em" class="inflection-table" ! style="width:33%;background:#d9ebff" | ! style="background:#d9ebff" | singular ! style="background:#d9ebff" | plural !style="background:#eff7ff" | direct !style="background:#eff7ff" | oblique !style="background:#eff7ff" | vocative
 * {dir_s}
 * {dir_p}
 * {obl_s}
 * {obl_p}
 * {voc_s}
 * {voc_p}
 * {\cl}{notes_clause} ]=]

local table_spec_sg = [=[ {title}{annotation} {\op}| style="background:#F9F9F9;text-align:center;width:30em" class="inflection-table" ! style="width:33%;background:#d9ebff" | ! style="background:#d9ebff" | singular !style="background:#eff7ff" | direct !style="background:#eff7ff" | oblique !style="background:#eff7ff" | vocative
 * {dir_s}
 * {obl_s}
 * {voc_s}
 * {\cl}{notes_clause} ]=]

local table_spec_pl = [=[ {title}{annotation} {\op}| style="background:#F9F9F9;text-align:center;width:30em" class="inflection-table" ! style="width:33%;background:#d9ebff" | ! style="background:#d9ebff" | plural !style="background:#eff7ff" | direct !style="background:#eff7ff" | oblique !style="background:#eff7ff" | vocative
 * {dir_p}
 * {obl_p}
 * {voc_p}
 * {\cl}{notes_clause} ]=]

local notes_template = [===[ {footnote} ]===]

if alternant_multiword_spec.title then forms.title = alternant_multiword_spec.title else forms.title = 'Declension of ' .. forms.lemma .. '' end

local annotation = alternant_multiword_spec.annotation if annotation == "" then forms.annotation = "" else forms.annotation = " (" .. annotation .. " )" end

local table_spec = alternant_multiword_spec.number == "sg" and table_spec_sg or		alternant_multiword_spec.number == "pl" and table_spec_pl or		table_spec_both forms.notes_clause = forms.footnote ~= "" and m_string_utilities.format(notes_template, forms) or "" return m_string_utilities.format(table_spec, forms) end

local function compute_headword_genders(alternant_multiword_spec) local genders = {} local number if alternant_multiword_spec.number == "pl" then number = "-p" else number = "" end iut.map_word_specs(alternant_multiword_spec, function(base)		if base.gender == "M" then			m_table.insertIfNot(genders, "m" .. number)		elseif base.gender == "F" then			m_table.insertIfNot(genders, "f" .. number)		else			error("Internal error: Unrecognized gender '" .. (base.gender or "nil") .. "'")		end	end) return genders end

-- Externally callable function to parse and decline a noun given user-specified arguments. -- Return value is WORD_SPEC, an object where the declined forms are in `WORD_SPEC.forms` -- for each slot. If there are no values for a slot, the slot key will be missing. The value -- for a given slot is a list of objects {form=FORM, translit=TRANSLIT, footnotes=FOOTNOTES}. function export.do_generate_forms(parent_args, pos, from_headword, def) local params = { [1] = {required = true, default = "दुनिया"}, footnote = {list = true}, title = {}, pagename = {}, }

if from_headword then params["lemma"] = {list = true} params["g"] = {list = true} params["f"] = {list = true} params["m"] = {list = true} params["id"] = {} end

local args = m_para.process(parent_args, params) local parse_props = { parse_indicator_spec = parse_indicator_spec, lang = lang, transliterate_respelling = com.transliterate_respelling, allow_blank_lemma = true, }	local alternant_multiword_spec = iut.parse_inflected_text(args[1], parse_props) alternant_multiword_spec.title = args.title alternant_multiword_spec.footnotes = args.footnote alternant_multiword_spec.pos = pos or "nouns" alternant_multiword_spec.args = args alternant_multiword_spec.pagename = args.pagename com.normalize_all_lemmas(alternant_multiword_spec, "always transliterate") detect_all_indicator_specs(alternant_multiword_spec) propagate_properties(alternant_multiword_spec, "number", "both", "both") -- The default of "M" should apply only to plural adjectives, where it doesn't matter. -- FIXME: This may be wrong for Hindi. propagate_properties(alternant_multiword_spec, "gender", "M", "mixed") determine_noun_status(alternant_multiword_spec) local inflect_props = { skip_slot = function(slot) return skip_slot(alternant_multiword_spec.number, slot) end, slot_table = noun_slots_with_linked, lang = lang, inflect_word_spec = decline_noun, }	iut.inflect_multiword_or_alternant_multiword_spec(alternant_multiword_spec, inflect_props) com.remove_redundant_translit(alternant_multiword_spec) compute_categories_and_annotation(alternant_multiword_spec) alternant_multiword_spec.genders = compute_headword_genders(alternant_multiword_spec) return alternant_multiword_spec end

-- Externally callable function to parse and decline a noun where all forms -- are given manually. Return value is WORD_SPEC, an object where the declined -- forms are in `WORD_SPEC.forms` for each slot. If there are no values for a -- slot, the slot key will be missing. The value for a given slot is a list of -- objects {form=FORM, translit=TRANSLIT, footnotes=FOOTNOTES}. function export.do_generate_forms_manual(parent_args, number, pos, from_headword, def) if number ~= "sg" and number ~= "pl" and number ~= "both" then error("Internal error: number (arg 1) must be 'sg', 'pl' or 'both': '" .. number .. "'") end

local params = { footnote = {list = true}, title = {}, }	if number == "both" then params[1] = {required = true, default = "तारीख़"} params[2] = {required = true, default = "तवारीख़"} params[3] = {required = true, default = "तारीख़"} params[4] = {required = true, default = "तवारीख़ों"} params[5] = {required = true, default = "तारीख़"} params[6] = {required = true, default = "तवारीख़ो"} elseif number == "sg" then params[1] = {required = true, default = "अदला-बदला"} params[2] = {required = true, default = "अदले-बदले"} params[3] = {required = true, default = "अदले-बदले"} else params[1] = {required = true, default = "लोग"} params[2] = {required = true, default =	"लोगों"} params[3] = {required = true, default = "लोगो"} end

local args = m_para.process(parent_args, params) local alternant_multiword_spec = { title = args.title, footnotes = args.footnote, forms = {}, number = number, pos = pos or "nouns", manual = true, }	process_manual_overrides(alternant_multiword_spec.forms, args, alternant_multiword_spec.number) compute_categories_and_annotation(alternant_multiword_spec) return alternant_multiword_spec end

-- Entry point for. Template-callable function to parse and decline a noun given -- user-specified arguments and generate a displayable table of the declined forms. function export.show(frame) local parent_args = frame:getParent.args local alternant_multiword_spec = export.do_generate_forms(parent_args) show_forms(alternant_multiword_spec) return make_table(alternant_multiword_spec) .. require("Module:utilities").format_categories(alternant_multiword_spec.categories, lang) end

-- Entry point for, and. -- Template-callable function to parse and decline a noun given manually-specified inflections -- and generate a displayable table of the declined forms. function export.show_manual(frame) local iparams = { [1] = {required = true}, }	local iargs = m_para.process(frame.args, iparams) local parent_args = frame:getParent.args local alternant_multiword_spec = export.do_generate_forms_manual(parent_args, iargs[1]) show_forms(alternant_multiword_spec) return make_table(alternant_multiword_spec) .. require("Module:utilities").format_categories(alternant_multiword_spec.categories, lang) end

-- Concatenate all forms of all slots into a single string of the form -- "SLOT=FORM,FORM,...|SLOT=FORM,FORM,...|...". Each FORM is either a string in Devanagari or -- (if manual translit is present) a specification of the form "FORM//TRANSLIT" where FORM is the -- Devanagari representation of the form and TRANSLIT its manual transliteration. Embedded pipe symbols -- (as might occur in embedded links) are converted to <!>. If INCLUDE_PROPS is given, also include -- additional properties (currently, g= for headword genders). This is for use by bots. local function concat_forms(alternant_multiword_spec, include_props) local ins_text = {} for slot, _ in pairs(noun_slots_with_linked) do		local formtext = iut.concat_forms_in_slot(alternant_multiword_spec.forms[slot]) if formtext then table.insert(ins_text, slot .. "=" .. formtext) end end if include_props then table.insert(ins_text, "g=" .. table.concat(alternant_multiword_spec.genders, ",")) end return table.concat(ins_text, "|") end

-- Template-callable function to parse and decline a noun given user-specified arguments and return -- the forms as a string of the same form as documented in concat_forms above. function export.generate_forms(frame) local include_props = frame.args["include_props"] local parent_args = frame:getParent.args local alternant_multiword_spec = export.do_generate_forms(parent_args) return concat_forms(alternant_multiword_spec, include_props) end

return export