Module:it-verb/builtin

local export = {}

--[=[

Authorship: Ben Wing

]=]

-- This contains "built-in" verbs, i.e. verbs (mostly irregular) whose conjugation is built into the module. -- We try to provide coverage of all -ere verbs, as well as all irregular -are and -ire verbs (where "irregular" -- for -ire verbs does not include those whose only irregularity is a present participle ending in -iente), and -- all syncopated verbs (those in -rre). -- -- Individual entries in this table are of the form {KEY, VALUE, ENGLISH_DESC}, as follows: -- 1. KEY is one of the following: --   a. A string, the infinitive of the verb in question. If the string is preceded by ^, the user-specified verb --      must exactly match this string; otherwise, it can contain an extra prefix, which is appended onto all --      generated forms. For example, "andare" will also match "riandare", "trasandare", etc., and "idere" will --      match "incidere", "elidere", "dividere", etc.; but "^vergere" will only match "vergere", not "convergere"  or --       "divergere". --   b. An object of the form {term = "TERM", prefixes = {"PREFIX", "PREFIX", ...}}. In this case, `term` specifies --      the infinitive to match, and `prefixes` specifies the allowed prefixes that can be prepended onto the --      infinitive in order for this entry to be considered a match. If a prefix is preceded by ^, it must match --      exactly; otherwise, longer prefixes ending in the specified string can match. For example, the spec --     {term = "vedere", prefixes = {"prov", "pro"}} will match "provvedere", "provedere", and prefixed derivatives of --      these verbs such as "riprovvedere"; but not "rivedere", "prevedere", "vedere" by itself, etc. Similarly, the --     spec {term = "bere", prefixes = {"^", "ri", "tra"}} will match "bere" by itself (because of the "^"), as well as --      "ribere", "trabere", "strabere" (because of "tra"), etc.; but not "iubere" or "ebere". -- 2. VALUE is a string, which is of the same format as is normally used in and  (inside of --    angle brackets), except that the auxiliary indicator and following slash or backslash is omitted and must be --    supplied by the user. If the verb is root-stressed with irregular present indicative principal part and would --   normally use a spec like (for scegliere) "a\é\scélgo,scélsi,scélto", the second backslash and preceding --   single-vowel spec is still included, i.e. the value would look like "é\scélgo,scélsi,scélto". In this case, if --   the user specifies a slash instead of a backslash, an error is thrown. -- 3. ENGLISH_DESC is an English-language description of the verbs handled by this entry, such as --   "< > and derivatives (< >, < >, < >); but not < > or derivatives". This is used --   in generating the documentation describing the built-in verbs handled by the module. Double angle bracket specs --   such as < > are converted into links, and are equivalent to e.g. . Template references in the --   description will be expanded. -- -- The order of the entries matters, as the entries are processed sequentially. The general ordering used is -are, then -- -ere, then -ire, then syncopated verbs. Within a group, verbs are approximated sorted using right-to-left sorting, -- so that e.g. all the -cere verbs follow the -bere verbs and precede the -dere verbs; and within the -dere verbs, -- the -ndere verbs are grouped together following the -idere verbs and preceding the -odere verbs; etc. Exceptions may -- be made to ensure the right precedence, e.g. "andare" precedes "dare". export.builtin_verbs = { -- -are verbs -- must precede dare; va vs. rivà handled automatically {"andare", [=[ -.		presrow:vàdo,vài,và*,andiàmo,andàte,vànno. fut:andrò. sub:vàda. imp:vài:và' ]=], "< > and derivatives (< >, < >/< >)"}, -- NOTE: specifying détti autogenerates #dètti {"dare", [=[ -,dièdi:diédi:détti. phisstem:dé. presrow:dò*,dài,dà*!,diàmo,dàte,dànno. fut:darò. sub:dìa. impsub:déssi. imp:dài:dà' ]=], "< > and derivatives (< >, < >, < >); but not < > or derivatives"}, -- NOTE: specifying stétti autogenerates #stètti {"stare", [=[ -,stétti. phisstem:sté. presrow:stò*,stài,stà*,stiàmo,stàte,stànno. fut:starò. sub:stìa. impsub:stéssi. imp:stài:stà' ]=], "< > and derivatives (< >, < >, < >); not < >"},

-- -ere verbs {"soccombere", "ó+,+,+", "< >"}, {"combere", "ó,+,-", "< >, < >"}, -- iubere: archaic, defective -- giacere, piacere, tacere; Hoepli says piacciàmo only, taciàmo only and either giaccìamo or giaciàmo; -- but Treccani says all should be in -acciàmo. DOP says piaciàmo and taciàmo are errors and giaciàmo is -- "meno bene". {"acere", "àccio^à,àcqui.pres1p:acciàmo", "< >, < >, < > and derivatives"}, -- licere (lecere), recere: archaic or poetic, defective -- dicere, benedicere: archaic; handled under dire below -- soffolcere (suffolcere, soffolgere, suffulcere): archaic, defective -- molcere: poetic, defective {"vincere", "ì,vìnsi,vìnto", "< > and derivatives"}, {"cuocere", "ò\\cuòcio^ò,còssi,còtto.unstressed_stem:cuoce:coce[now rare]", "< > and derivatives"}, {"nuocere", "ò\\nòccio:nuòccio^ò,nòcqui,nociùto:nuociùto[rare].unstressed_stem:nuoce:noce[now rare].presp:nocènte", "< >, < >"},	{"torcere", "ò,tòrsi,tòrto", "< > and derivatives"}, {"nascere", "à,nàcqui,nàto", "< >, < >, < >"}, {"pascere", "à", "< >, < >"}, -- acquiescere: rare, defective in past participle {"mescere", "é:è", "< >, < >"}, {"crescere", "é,crébbi", "< > and derivatives"}, -- mansuescere: archaic, rare, infinitive only {"noscere", "ó,nóbbi", "< >, archaic < > and derivatives"}, -- ducere and derivatives: archaic; handled under -durre below -- lucere itself is poetic and lacking the past historic {{term = "lucere", prefixes = {"tra", "ri"}}, "ù,+,-", "< >, < >"}, -- 'cadere' must precede 'adere' {"cadere", "à,càddi.fut:cadrò", "< > and derivatives"}, -- NOTE: (1) per DiPI, suadere can be pronounced suadére (per Treccani/Hoepli) or suàdere. -- (2) ridere has past historic rasi, with /z/ or traditional /s/, whereas the past historic of the -- other verbs has only /z/; but this currently makes no difference as we don't indicate all details of verb -- pronunciation. If we change this and start indicating full pronunciation (e.g. as Module:fr-verb does), -- we need to split these verbs. {"adere", "à,àsi,àso", "< > and derivatives; < > and derivatives; verbs in -vadere (< >, < >, < >); but not < > and derivatives"}, -- reddere: archaic for rendere {"succedere", "è,succèssi:+,succèsso:+", "< (needs overrides to handle different past historic and past participle in different meanings)"}, {"concedere", "è,concèssi:+,concèsso", "< > and derivatives"}, -- Hoepli says retrocedere is conjugated like cedere, but in fact retrocesso is much more common than retroceduto -- (Hoepli even gives two examples using retrocesso), while retrocessero and retrocedettero are equally common. -- Treccani correctly says "(pass. rem. io retrocèssi [anche retrocedéi o retrocedètti], tu retrocedésti, ecc.; part. pass. retrocèsso)". {"retrocedere", "è,retrocèssi:+,retrocèsso", "< >"}, -- cedere: cèssi is archaic {"cedere", "è", "< > and derivatives; but not < >, < >, < > or derivatives"}, {"chiedere", "è:é,chièsi:chiési,chièsto:chiésto", "< > and derivatives"}, -- riedere: variant of poetic/archaic defective redire (reddire) {"siedere", "è:é", "verbs in -siedere (< >, < >)"}, {"ledere", "è,lési,léso", "< >"}, -- credere: crési is archaic {"credere", "é", "< > and derivatives (< >, < >, < >, < >)"}, -- pedere: obsolete, regular but lacking past participle -- Treccani and Hoepli say possedere and sedere are conjugated the same; Hoepli says "sièdo o sèggo" -- and Treccani says sèggo is literary. But a corpus study by Anna M. Thornton, "Overabundance: Multiple Forms Realizing the Same Cell" -- in Morphological Autonomy, p. 366 -- -- shows that seggo is rare but posseggo is not (possiedo 140 to posseggo 95; possiedono 1236 to posseggono 755;	-- possieda 174 to possegga 132; possiedano 46 to posseggano 65). {"possedere", "possièdo:possiédo:possèggo:posséggo^possiède:possiéde.fut:possiederò[now more common, especially in speech]:+", "< > and derivatives"}, {"sedere", "sièdo:siédo.fut:siederò[now more common, especially in speech]:+", "< > and derivatives; but not < > or derivatives"}, -- divedere: defective {{term = "vedere", prefixes = {"pre"}}, "é,vìdi,vìsto:vedùto[less popular].fut:vedrò:vederò.presp:+:veggènte", "< >"}, {{term = "vedere", prefixes = {"prov", "pro"}}, "é,vìdi,vedùto:vìsto[rare in a verbal sense].presp:+:veggènte", "< > (archaic < >) and derivatives"}, -- the following per Dizionario d'ortografia e di pronunzia {{term = "vedere", prefixes = {"^rav"}}, "é,vìdi,vedùto.fut:vedrò:vederò.presp:+:veggènte", "< >"}, {{term = "vedere", prefixes = {"^tra", "tras", "trans", "stra", "anti"}}, "é,vìdi,vedùto.fut:vedrò.presp:+:veggènte", "< > and variants, < >, < >"}, {"vedere", "é,vìdi,vìsto:vedùto[less popular].fut:vedrò.presp:+:veggènte", "< > and some derivatives (e.g. < >, < >, < >); may need overrides, e.g. < > in the meaning \"to revise\" has only < > as past participle"}, -- stridere: past participle is lacking (per Hoepli), not used (per DOP) or extremely rare (per Treccani) {"stridere", "ì,+,-", "< >"}, -- NOTE: ridere has past historic risi, with /z/ or traditional /s/, whereas the past historic of the -- other verbs has only /z/; see comment above about 'adere'. {"idere", "ì,ìsi,ìso", "verbs in -cidere (< >, < >, < >, < >, etc.; verbs in -lidere (< >, < >, < >); < > and derivatives; < >; < > and derivatives; but not < >"},	-- Treccani (under espandere) says past historic only spànsi, past participle only spànso. Hoepli says past	-- historic spandéi or (uncommon) spandètti or spànsi, past participle spànto or archaic spànso or spandùto.	-- The reality from reverso.net is somewhere in between.	{"spandere", "à,spànsi:+[uncommon],spànto:spànso", "< > and derivatives"},	-- must precede cendere	{"scendere", "é:è,scési,scéso", "< > and derivatives"},	{"cendere", "è,cési,céso", "< > and derivatives, < >"},	{{term = "fendere", prefixes = {"di", "de", "of"}}, "è,fési,féso", "< > (archaic < >), < > and derivatives"},	{"fendere", "è,+,+:fésso", "< >, < >, < >; but not < >, < > or respective derivatives"},	-- stridere (FIXME: some other verb intended?): past participle is rare (per Hoepli), not used (per DOP and Treccani) {"splendere", "è,+,-", "< > and derivatives"}, {"^pendere", "è,+,+[rare]", "< >; but not any derivatives"}, {"propendere", "è,+,propéso[rare]", "< >"}, {"pendere", "è,pési,péso", "< >, < >, < >, < > and other verbs and derivatives in -pendere other than < > and < >"}, {"prendere", "è,prési,préso", "< > and derivatives"}, {"rendere", "è,rési,réso", "< >, < > and < >"}, {"tendere", "è,tési,téso", "< >, < > and derivatives of each"}, {"vendere", "é", "< > and derivatives"}, {"scindere", "ì,scìssi,scìsso", "< > and derivatives"}, {"scondere", "ó,scósi,scósto", "< >, < > and derivatives of each"}, {"fondere", "ó,fùsi,fùso", "< > and derivatives"}, {"spondere", "ó,spósi,spósto", "< > (archaic < >) and derivatives"}, -- Hoepli says tònso but I suspect it's a mistake; Olivetti says tónso {"tondere", "ó,+,+:tónso", "< >"}, {"tundere", "ù,tùsi,tùso", "< > and < >"}, {"godere", "ò.fut:godrò", "< > and derivatives"}, {"plodere", "ò,plòsi,plòso", "< >, < > and derivatives"}, {"rodere", "ó,rósi,róso", "< > and derivatives"}, {"ardere", "à,àrsi,àrso", "< > and derivatives"}, {"perdere", "è,pèrsi:perdètti:perdéi[less common],pèrso:perdùto", "< > and derivatives"}, {"mordere", "ò,mòrsi,mòrso", "< > and derivatives"}, -- gaudere: literary or archaic, defective {"plaudere", "à,plaudìi,plaudìto", "< >"}, {"prudere", "ù,+[rare],-", "< >"}, {"udere", "ù,ùsi,ùso", "< > and derivatives; verbs in -cludere (< >, < >, < >, etc.); verbs in -ludere (< >, < >, < >, etc.); verbs in -trudere (< >, < >, < >, etc.); but not < > or < >"}, -- piagere, plagere: archaic, defective -- traggere and derivatives: archaic; handled under trarre below {"eggere", "è,èssi,ètto", "< > and derivatives; < > and derivatives; < > and derivatives"}, {{term = "figgere", prefixes = {"^", "con", "ri", "scal", "tra"}}, "ì,fìssi,fìtto", "< > and some derivatives (< >, < >, < >, < > and derivatives), with past participle in -fitto"}, {"figgere", "ì,fìssi,fìsso", "most derivatives of < > (< >, < > and variants, < >, < >, < >, < >, and derivatives), with past participle in -fisso"}, {"fliggere", "ì,flìssi,flìtto", "verbs in -fliggere (< >, < >, < >)"}, {"friggere", "ì,frìssi,frìtto", "< > and derivatives"}, {"struggere", "ù,strùssi,strùtto", "< > and derivatives"}, {"redigere", "ì,redàssi,redàtto", "< >"}, -- indigere: archaic, defective -- negligere: uncommon, defective {"diligere", "ì+,dilèssi,dilètto", "< > and derivatives"}, {"rigere", "ì,rèssi,rètto", "< >, < > and derivatives"}, {"sigere", "ì,+[uncommon],sàtto", "< > and < >"}, -- vigere: highly defective -- algere: archaic poetic, defective -- soffolgere: archaic, defective; variant of soffolcere, see above -- molgere: rare, literary, defective {"volgere", "ò,vòlsi,vòlto", "< > and derivatives"}, {"indulgere", "ù,indùlsi,indùlto", "< >"}, {"fulgere", "ù,fùlsi,-", "< > and derivatives; lacking past participle"}, -- angere: archaic or poetic, defective {{term = "angere", prefixes = {"fr", "pi", "pl"}}, "à,ànsi,ànto", "< > and derivatives (some derivatives need special handling of the past participle); < > (archaic < >) and derivatives"}, -- piagnere: archaic, defective, no past historic or past participle -- clangere: literary, rare, defective, no past historic or past participle -- tangere: literary, defective -- etc.	{"spengere", "é:#è,spénsi:#spènsi,spénto:#spènto", "< > (Tuscan variant of < >)"}, {"mingere", "ì,mìnsi,-", "< > and derivatives"}, {"stringere", "ì,strìnsi,strétto", "< > and derivatives"}, {"ingere", "ì,ìnsi,ìnto", "< > and derivatives; < > and derivatives; < > and derivatives; < > and derivatives; < > and derivatives; but not < > (lacking the past participle), and not < > and derivatives (with past participle < > etc.)"}, {"fungere", "ù,fùnsi,fùnto[rare]", "< > and derivatives"}, {"ungere", "ù,ùnsi,ùnto", "< >; < > and derivatives; < > and derivatives; < > and derivatives; but not < > and derivatives (past participle is formed the same way but rare)"}, -- arrogere: archaic, defective {"spargere", "à,spàrsi,spàrso", "< > and derivatives"}, {{term = "ergere", prefixes = {"^", "ad", "ri"}}, "è,èrsi,èrto:#érto", "< >, < >, < >; but not any other verbs in -ergere"}, {{term = "ergere", prefixes = {"m", "sp", "t"}}, "è,èrsi,èrso", "< > and derivatives; < > and derivatives; < > and derivatives"}, -- vergere: literary, rare, defective in the past participle {"convergere", "è,convèrsi,-", "< >"}, {"divergere", "è,-,-", "< >"}, {{term = "orgere", prefixes = {"c", "p"}}, "ò:ó,òrsi:órsi,òrto:órto", "< > and derivatives; < >; < > and derivatives"}, {"sorgere", "ó:ò,sórsi:sòrsi,sórto:sòrto", "< >"}, {"surgere", "ù,sùrsi,sùrto", "< > and derivatives"}, {"urgere", "ù,-,-", "< >"}, -- turgere: poetic, defective {"scegliere", "é\\scélgo,scélsi,scélto", "< > and derivatives"}, -- svegliere: archaic form of svellere, defective {{term = "ogliere", prefixes = {"c", "sci", "t"}}, "ò\\òlgo,òlsi,òlto", "< > and derivatives; < > and derivatives; < > and derivatives"}, {"adempiere", "é,adempiéi.pres2p:adempìte", "< >; see also < > of the same meaning"}, -- Can't use é for present spec because stem:émpi specified; we'd get present #émpo {"empiere", "é\\émpio,empìi:empiéi[less common],empiùto.stem:émpi", "< >, < >; but not < >, which borrows fewer forms from < >; see also < >, < > of the same meaning"}, {"compiere", [=[ ó:ò,compiéi:compìi[more common].pres2p:compiéte:compìte[more common]. imperf:compiévo:compìvo[more common]. impsub:compiéssi:compìssi[more common]. fut:compierò:compirò[more common] ]=], "< >, < >; see also < >, < >"}, -- calere: rare/literary, defective {"valere", "vàlgo^à,vàlsi,vàlso.fut:varrò", "< > and derivatives"}, {"eccellere", "è+,eccèlsi,-", "< >"}, {"pellere", "è,pùlsi,pùlso", "verbs in -pellere (< >, < >, < >, < >, etc."},	{"avellere", "è,vùlsi,vùlso", "< >"},	-- per Canepari, svèlto or svélto but just divèlto	{"svellere", "è\\è:svèlgo,svèlsi,svèlto:svélto", "< >, < >"},	{"divellere", "è\\è:divèlgo,divèlsi,divèlto", "< >"},	-- vellere, evellere, convellere: literary or archaic, defective	-- tollere: archaic, unclear conjugation	-- attollere, estollere: literary, defective	-- colere: archaic, defective	{"dolere", "dòlgo^duòle,dòlsi,+.fut:dorrò", "< > and derivatives"},	{"solere", "sòglio^suòle,soléi[rare],sòlito.pres1p:sogliàmo.fut:-.imp:-.presp:-", "< >"},	{"volere", [=[		-,vòlli.		presrow:vòglio,vuòi,vuòle,vogliàmo,voléte,vògliono.		fut:vorrò.		improw:vògli,vogliàte ]=], "< > and derivatives"},	{"gemere", "è", "< > and derivatives"},	{"fremere", "è", "< >"},	-- premere, spremere: regular; past historic prèssi and past participle prèsso archaic {"premere", "è", "< >, < > and derivatives"}, {"temere", "è:#é", "< > and derivatives"}, {"redimere", "ì,redènsi,redènto", "< >"}, {"perplimere", "ì,+,perplèsso:perplimùto[rare]", "< >"}, {"dirimere", "ì+,+[rare],-", "< >"}, {"primere", "ì,prèssi,prèsso", "verbs in -primere (< >, < >, < >, < >, etc."},	{"esimere", "ì,+,-", "< >"},	-- presummere: obsolete, unclear conjugation	-- promere: archaic, defective	{"sumere", "ù,sùnsi,sùnto", "verbs in -sumere (< >, < >, < >, < >, etc.)"},	{"rimanere", "rimàngo^à,rimàsi,rimàsto.fut:rimarrò", "< >"},	{"permanere", "permàngo^à,permàsi,-.fut:permarrò", "< >"},	{"tenere", "tèngo^tiène:tiéne,ténni:tènni.fut:terrò", "< > and derivatives"},	{"spegnere", "é:#è\\spéngo:#spèngo,spénsi:#spènsi,spénto:#spènto", "< > and derivatives"},	-- accignere, scignere, pignere and derivatives, strignere and derivatives, ugnere: all obsolete, unclear conjugation	-- Past participle cernìto; lacking in derivatives or rare -crèto. Both cerné and cernétte/cernètte	-- are very rare, with the former actually occuring more often (same in derivatives).	{{term = "cernere", prefixes = {"^", "ri"}}, "è,-,cernìto", "< > and derivatives"}, {{term = "cernere", prefixes = {"con", "dis"}}, "è,-,-", "< >, < > and derivatives"}, {"secernere", "è+,+,secrèto", "< >"}, -- Hoepli specifically says that sapere lacks a present participle, hence sapiente isn't it	{"sapere", [=[ -,sèppi. presrow:sò*,sài,sà*,sappiàmo,sapéte,sànno. fut:saprò. sub:sàppia. improw:sàppi,sappiàte. presp:- ]=], "< > and derivatives"}, {"rompere", "ó,rùppi,rótto", "< > and derivatives"}, -- scerpere: archaic/obsolete, unclear conjugation {"serpere", "è,-,-", "< >"}, {"^parere", "pàio^à,pàrvi,pàrso.pres1p:paiàmo.fut:parrò.imp:-.presp:parvènte", "< >"}, -- sparere, trasparere: archaic/obsolete, unclear conjugation -- sofferere: archaic/obsolete, unclear conjugation -- cherere, chierere: archaic/obsolete, unclear conjugation {"correre", "ó,córsi,córso", "< > and derivatives"}, -- comburere: literary, defective -- furere: archaic rare, unclear conjugation {{term = "essere", prefixes = {"^", "ri"}}, [=[ è\-,-,stàto. presrow:sóno,sèi,è!,siàmo,siéte:#siète,sóno. imperfrow:èro,èri,èra,eravàmo,eravàte,èrano. phisrow:fùi,fósti,fù*,fùmmo,fóste,fùrono. fut:sarò. sub:sìa. impsub:fóssi. improw:sìi,siàte. presp:- ]=], "< >, < >"},	{"tessere", "è,tesséi,+", "< > and derivatives"}, {"mietere", "è:é,mietéi,+", "< >"}, {"ripetere", "è", "< >"}, {"competere", "è,competéi,-", "< > and derivatives"}, {"potere", [=[ -,potéi:potètti[less common]. presrow:pòsso,puòi,può*,possiàmo,potéte,pòssono. fut:potrò. imp:- ]=], "< > and derivatives"}, {"cotere", "ò,còssi,còsso", "verbs in -cotere (popular or poetic variant of verbs in -cuotere, such as < > and < >)"}, {"cuotere", "ò,còssi,còsso.unstressed_stem:cuote:cote[now rare]", "verbs in -cuotere (< >, < >, etc.)"}, {"^vertere", "è,+,-", "< > (but not any derivatives)"}, -- divertere, convertere, etc.: archaic, unclear conjugation -- avertere: archaic -- Treccani and Hoepli say controvertere is conjugated as if it were controvertire, but Google -- disagrees except for controvertito (which is rare). {"controvertere", "è,-,-", "< >"}, {"estrovertere", "è,-,estrovèrso:estrovertìto[less common]", "< >"}, -- see also introvertire of the same meaning, which has -ire forms {"introvertere", "è,-,introvèrso", "< >"}, {"sistere", "ì,+,sistìto", "verbs in -sistere (< >, < >, < >, < >, etc.)"}, {"battere", "à", "< > and derivatives"}, {"flettere", "è,+:flèssi[less common],flèsso", "< > and derivatives; < > needs an override to handle differences in the past participle"}, {"mettere", "é,mìsi,mésso", "< > and derivatives"}, {"nettere", "é:#è,+:néssi[less common]:#nèssi[less common],nésso:#nèsso", "verbs in -nettere (< >, < > and derivatives)"}, {"fottere", "ó", "< > and derivatives"}, -- Hoepli says incutere has past historic incutéi or incùssi; DOP says "incussi (non incutei)"; -- Treccani agrees with DOP, saying incutere is conjugated like discutere {"cutere", "ù,cùssi,cùsso", "verbs in -cutere (< >, < >, < >)"}, {"stinguere", "ì,stìnsi,stìnto", "verbs in -stinguere (< >, < > and derivatives)"}, -- delinquere, relinquere: defective, rare or poetic {"riavere", [=[ -,rièbbi:riébbi. presrow:riò,riài,rià,riabbiàmo,riavéte,riànno. fut:riavrò. sub:riàbbia. improw:riàbbi,riabbiàte. presp:riavènte:riabbiènte ]=], "< >"},	{"^avere", [=[ -,èbbi:ébbi. presrow:hò*,hài,hà*,abbiàmo,avéte,hànno. fut:avrò. sub:àbbia. improw:àbbi,abbiàte. presp:avènte:abbiènte ]=], "< > (but not derivative < >)"}, -- bevere: archaic; handled under bere below {"ricevere", "é", "< > and derivatives"}, {"scrivere", "ì,scrìssi,scrìtto", "< > and derivatives"}, {{term = "vivere", prefixes = {"con", "soprav"}}, "ì,vìssi,vissùto.fut:vivrò:+", "< >, < >"}, {"vivere", "ì,vìssi,vissùto.fut:vivrò", "< >, < >"}, {"sciolvere", "ò,+:sciòlsi,sciòlto", "< >, < >"}, -- solvere: archaic {"solvere", "ò,sòlsi,sòlto", "verbs in -solvere (< >, < >, < >, etc.)"}, -- volvere, svolvere, etc. archaic {"volvere", "ò,vòlsi:+,volùto", "< >, < >"}, {"dovere", [=[ dèvo:dévo:dèbbo:débbo^dève:déve.pres1p:dobbiàmo. fut:dovrò. sub:dèbba:débba. presp:-. imp:- ]=]},	{"piovere", "ò,piòvvi", "< > and derivatives"}, -- movere and derivatives: archaic {"muovere", "ò,mòssi,mòsso.unstressed_stem:muove:move[now rare]"}, {"fervere", "è,+[rare],-"},

-- -ire verbs -- NOTE: Does not include verbs whose only irregularity is a present participle in -iènte, e.g. ambire, -- ubbidire, impedire, regredire/progredire/trasgredire, spedire, blandire, -- and many others.

-- ire: archaic, defective --	-- assorbire: assòrto as pp is archaic; list ò before +isc because it is much more common per Google Ngrams. {{term = "sorbire", prefixes = {"as", "ad", "de"}}, "ò:+isc.presp:+", "< >, < >, rare < >; but not < >"}, -- folcire: rare, literary, defective: fólce, folcìsse {"escire", "è.presp:+", "< > and derivatives (archaic/popular for < >)"}, {"uscire", "èsco", "< > and derivatives"}, {"cucire", "cùcio^ù.presp:+", "< > and derivatives"}, -- Treccani says sdrùcio/sdrùce forms are rare but Ngrams does not bear that out (relatively). {"sdrucire", "+isc:sdrùcio^+isc:ù.pres3p:+:sdrùcono.presp:+", "< > and derivatives"}, -- redire, reddire: poetic, highly defective {"applaudire", "à:+isc[uncommon].presp:+", "< > and derivatives"}, -- Not technically necessary to enumerate the prefixes but we don't want accidental use of @ in verbs like -- accudire, esaudire, incrudire to trigger this. {{term = "udire", prefixes = {"^", "ri", "tra"}}, "òdo.fut:udrò:+.presp:+:udiènte", "< > and derivatives"}, -- gire: archaic, defective {"fuggire", "ù", "< > and derivatives"}, {"muggire", "+isc.pres3s:+:mùgge.pres3p:+:mùggono", "< > and derivatives"}, {"salire", "sàlgo^à.presp:+:saliènte", "< > and derivatives"}, -- boglire: archaic, unclear conjugation {"seppellire", "+isc,+,sepólto:+", "< > and derivatives"}, {"sbollire", "+isc:ó", "< >"}, {"bollire", "ó", "< > and derivatives, except < >"}, {"dormire", "ò.presp:+:dormiènte", "< > and derivatives"}, {"venire", "vèngo^viène:viéne,vénni:vènni,venùto.fut:verrò.presp:veniènte", "< > and derivatives"}, {{term = "mpire", prefixes = {"ade", "co"}}, "+isc.ger:mpièndo.presp:mpiènte", "< > and < >"}, {"empire", "émpio,+:empiéi[less common],+:empiùto[less common].ger:empièndo.presp:empiènte", "< > and < >; not < >, which has a more regular conjugation"}, {{term = "parire", prefixes = {"ap", "com"}}, "pàio:+isc^à:+isc,pàrvi:parìi[less common]:pàrsi[less common],pàrso", "< >, < > and derivatives; but note that < > and < > need special treatment as different variant forms are associated with distinct meanings"}, {"^sparire", "+isc,spàrvi:sparìi[less common]:spàrsi[less common],spàrso", "< >"}, {"disparire", "dispàio^à,+:dispàrvi", "< >"}, {"trasparire", "traspàio:+isc^à+:+isc", "< >"}, {"inferire", "+isc,infèrsi,infèrto", "< > in the meaning \"to inflict, to strike\" (a blow); use 'a/+isc' for other meanings"}, {"profferire", "+isc,+:proffèrsi,proffèrto", "< >"}, -- perire: regular except in archaic/poetic usage pèro, etc.	{"offrire", "ò,+:offèrsi[less common],offèrto.presp:offerènte", "< >, < > and derivatives"}, {"morire", "muòio^muòre,+,mòrto.fut:+:morrò.presp:+", "< > and derivatives (< > has no past participle and needs an override)"}, {"aprire", "à,+:apèrsi,apèrto.presp:+", "< > and derivatives"}, {"coprire", "ò,+:copèrsi,copèrto.presp:+", "< > and derivatives"}, -- scovrire: archaic, unclear conjugation {"borrire", "+isc:ò.presp:+", "< >, < >"}, {"nutrire", "ù:+isc[less common].presp:nutriènte", "< > and derivatives"}, -- putrire: literary, rare -- Hoepli doesn't mention present participle mentente but it probably exists {"^mentire", "é:#è:+isc", "< >; but not derivative < >, nor < > or < >, all of which are regular in -isc-"}, {"pentire", "è.presp:-", "< > and derivatives"}, -- sentire has rare sentènte and adjective-only senziènte {{term = "sentire", prefixes = {"^", "^ri", "intra"}}, "è.presp:-", "< >, < >, < >; but not any other derivatives"}, -- presentire has presenziènte but it's rare and literary {"presentire", "è+:+isc.presp:-", "< >"}, {"sentire", "è.presp:senziènte", "derivatives of < > other than < > itself, < >, < > and < >, e.g. < >, < >, < >"}, {"inghiottire", "+isc[in the literal meaning]:ó[figuratively]"}, -- See also introvertere of the same meaning, which has -ere forms. {"introvertire", "+isc,-,+", "< >"}, -- Many of the verbs in -vertire have additional archaic, literary, etc. forms; e.g. convertire has archaic or dialectal +isc forms, archaic or literary past historic convèrsi, archaic or literary past participle convèrso. {"vertire", "è", "verbs in -vertire other than < >, e.g. < >, < >, < >, < >, < >, < >"}, {"compartire", "+isc:à", "< > and derivatives"}, {"partire", "à", "< >, < >, < > in the intransitive usage (use 'a/+isc' for the transitive usage)"}, {"^sortire", "ò", "< > in the intransitive usage (use 'a/+isc' for the transitive usage); not any derivatives"}, {"vestire", "è", "< > and derivatives"}, {"putire", "+isc:ù", "< >"}, {"languire", "+isc:à", "< >"}, {"eseguire", "+isc:é:è", "< > and derivatives"}, -- [r:DiPI:eseguo] {"seguire", "é:è", "< > and derivatives; but not < > and derivatives"}, -- [r:DiPI:seguo], [r:DiPI:conseguo], [r:DiPI:inseguo], [r:DiPI:perseguo], [r:DiPI:proseguo], [r:DiPI:susseguo] -- costruire (archaic construire); costrùssi, costrùtto given as "literary" by Hoepli but "archaic" by DOP, which -- seems closer to the truth. Per Anna Thornton in Morphological Autonomy p. 368, costrutto is --  no longer recognized as a pp in modern Italian but only as a noun. {"servire", "è", "< > and derivatives (although not < >, which should use 'a/+isc')"},

--- syncopated verbs - -- affare: 3rd person only, no pp, affà -- assuefare, confare, contraffare, disassuefare, dissuefare, mansuefare, putrefare, rarefare, rifare, sopraffare, --  strafare, stupefare, torrefare, tumefare: like fare, written assuefò/assuefà, confò/confà, etc. will be --  handled automatically as the accent removal is late and dependent on the number of syllables in the word. -- malfare: infinitive only -- sfare: like fare {"disfare", [=[ -,disféci,disfàtto. stem:disfàce. presrow:disfàccio:dìsfo,dìsfi,dìsfa,disfacciàmo,disfàte,dìsfano. sub:dìsfi. fut:disfarò. imp:disfà:disfài ]=], "< >, < > (< >)"},	-- liquefare: same as fare except for proscribed variants e.g. lìquefo, lìquefa {"fare", [=[ -,féci,fàtto. stem:fàce. presrow:fàccio,fài,fà*,facciàmo,fàte,fànno. sub:fàccia. imp:fài:fà' ]=], "< > and derivatives; but not < > or < >"}, {"trarre", "tràggo,tràssi,tràtto.stem:tràe"}, -- archaic variant of trarre, with some different present tense (hence subjunctive/imperative) forms {"traggere", "à\\tràggo^tràgge,tràssi,tràtto.pres1p:traggiàmo.fut:trarrò.stem:tràe"}, {{term = "bere", prefixes = {"^", "ri", "tra"}}, "bévo,bévvi:bevétti.fut:berrò.stem:béve", "< >, < >, < >, < >; but not verbs in -combere, archaic <>, archaic <> or obsolete < >"}, {"bevere", "é,bévvi:bevétti.fut:berrò", "< > and derivatives (archaic variant of < >)"}, -- benedire (strabenedire, ribenedire), maledire (stramaledire, rimaledire) {{term = "dire", prefixes = {"bene", "male", "mala"}}, "+,dìssi:dìi[popular],détto.stem:dìce.pres2p:dìte.imperf:+:dìvo[popular]", "< >, < > and derivatives"}, -- dire, ridire {{term = "dire", prefixes = {"^", "ri"}}, "+,dìssi,détto.stem:dìce.pres2p:dìte.imp:dì':dì*!", "< >, < >; not any other derivatives"}, -- addire, contraddire, ricontraddire, indire, interdire, predire, etc.	{"dire", "+,dìssi,détto.stem:dìce.pres2p:dìte", "derivatives of < > other than < >, < > and < >"}, -- dicere: archaic; not included due to multiple variants {"porre", "ó\\póngo,pósi,pósto:pòsto.stem:póne"}, -- archaic variant of porre {"ponere", "ó\\póngo,pósi,pósto:pòsto.fut:porrò"}, -- condurre, etc.	{"durre", "+,dùssi,dótto.stem:dùce"}, -- archaic variant of -durre {"ducere", "ù,dùssi,dótto.fut:durrò"}, }

return export