Palko test

Etymology
From the 1937 case of .

Noun

 * 1)  A judicial test as to whether a US state is bound by the  in relation to a specific right claimed by the plaintiff, hinging on whether the  of the  and  override the immunity which ordinarily applies to states; specifically, the right in question must be "of the very essence of a scheme of ordered liberty" and "deeply rooted in [American] history and tradition" in order to qualify.