Reconstruction:Proto-Hmong-Mien/ʔu̯əm

Etymology
Compare : 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬 (Sidwell)

Descendants

 * Hmongic
 * Pa Hng
 * Pa Hng - Gundong 滚董: ʔaŋ³⁵
 * Hm Nai - Mao'ao 毛坳: ʔaŋ³⁵
 * North Hmongic
 * West Xiangxi (Xong) - Layiping 腊乙坪: ʔu³⁵
 * East Xiangxi (Suang) - Xiaozhang 小章: ʔu⁵³
 * East Hmongic
 * North Qiandong - Yanghao 养蒿: ʔə³³
 * East Qiandong - Caidiwan 菜地湾: ʔeu²⁴
 * South Qiandong - Yaogao 尧告: ʔu¹³
 * West Qiandong (Raojia) - Heba 河坝: ʔeu⁴⁴
 * Sheic
 * Younuo 优诺: ʔŋ̩⁴⁴
 * Jiongnai - Longhua 龙华: ʔɒŋ⁴⁴
 * Bana 巴那: ʔŋ̩¹³
 * She - Xiashuicun 下水村: ʔɔŋ²²
 * West Hmongic
 * Bunu
 * Dongnu - Qibainong 七百弄: ʔau³³
 * Nunu - Xishan 西山: ʔaŋ³³
 * Numao - Yaolu 瑶麓: ʔou³³
 * Core
 * East Luobuohe (Xijia) - Shibanqiao 石板寨: qo⁰⁵ʔuŋ³¹
 * West Luobuohe - Gaozhai 高寨: ʔə⁰²ʔoŋ³¹
 * Huishui - Gaopo 高坡: ʔõ²⁴
 * Mashan - Zongdi 宗地: ʔaŋ³²
 * A-Hmao - Shimenpo 石门坡: ʔau⁵⁵
 * Chuanqiandian - Dananshan 大南山: tɬe³¹
 * Mienic
 * Mien
 * Guangdian (Jiangdi): wam³³
 * Xiangnan (Miaoziyuan): wəŋ³³
 * Kim Mun
 * Diangui (Liangzi): wam³⁵
 * Fanghai (Tansan): wɔm³⁵
 * Biao Mon
 * Changping: wəm³³
 * Luoxiang: wəm³³
 * Biao Min
 * Dongshan: ən³³
 * Shikou: vən³³
 * Niuweizhai: wən³³
 * Dzao Min (Daping): m̩²⁴