Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/krewh₂-

Root

 * 1) blood outside the body

Usage notes
PIE distinguished two roots for "blood", depending on whether it was found inside the body or outside. The former was, the latter. The lexical distinction between the two is argued to indicate two distinct metaphorical sets, which have been preserved in various derivatives and extensions in the daughters.

The root yielded words signifying aggression (e.g. in derivatives such as Latin, Sanskrit  and Ancient Greek ) and dying (e.g. Old Norse ), seen metaphorically in terms for the hardening (or freezing) of "outside blood" (e.g. in derivatives such as Latin , Old Irish , Latvian  and Ancient Greek ). The semantic field was thus associated with wounding, death, and drying out/hardening of the body.

On the other hand, the root has been associated with the notion of life-giving bodily fluid, and also with the patrilineal line in kinship terminology.

Derived terms

 * *kréwh₂-s ~ *kruh₂-és
 * *kréwh₂-s ~ *kruh₂-s-és
 * *kruh₂-ró-s