Reconstruction:Proto-Sino-Tibetan/ŋa-j ~ ka

Etymology

 * Proto-Sino-Tibetan: *ngaɣ/ngay (Coblin, 1986)
 * Proto-Tibeto-Burman: *ŋa (Chou, 1972; Benedict, 1972); *ŋɑ (Chou, 1972); *ŋay (Benedict, 1972); *ŋǎy (Matisoff, 1985); *ŋay (Weidert, 1987); *ka ⪤ ŋa (LaPolla, 1987); *ŋa-y (Matisoff, 2003); *ŋa-y ⪤ *ka (Matisoff, STEDT)

Pronoun

 * 1) I, me

Descendants

 * Old Chinese:  (B-S);  (ZS) ("I"),   (B-S);  (ZS) ("I")
 * (Note: Gong Hwang-cherng (Gong Huangcheng) argued that the distinction between and  was that of the nominative/accusative or subject/oblique cases.  (*ŋag in his reconstruction) was the nominative case pronoun, and  (*ŋal) was the accusative case pronoun.)
 * (我 in the oracle bone script) 我-oracle.svg
 * Middle Chinese:, (Both words survive in compounds and as literary readings. Listed below are the colloquial words for "I" in each dialect, all from this etymon.)
 * Modern Mandarin
 * Beijing:
 * Jinan:,   (fusion with )
 * Shenyang:
 * Xi'an:
 * Chengdu:
 * Kunming:
 * Hefei:
 * Yangzhou:
 * Wu
 * Suzhou:
 * Shanghai:
 * Wenzhou:
 * Xiang
 * Changsha:
 * Gan
 * Nanchang:
 * Hakka
 * Meixian:
 * Cantonese
 * Guangzhou:
 * Yangjiang:
 * Min
 * Amoy:
 * Teochow:
 * Fuzhou:
 * Kamarupan
 * Bodo-Garo = Barish
 * Bodo:
 * Himalayish
 * Tibeto-Kanauri
 * Bodic
 * Mahakiranti
 * Kham-Magar-Chepang-Sunwar
 * Kiranti
 * Eastern Kiranti = Rai
 * Western Kiranti
 * Tangut-Qiang
 * Northern Tangut
 * rGyalrongic
 * Jingpho-Asakian
 * Nungic
 * (VanBik, 2009)
 * Central Chin
 * Lolo-Burmese-Naxi
 * (Weidert, 1987)
 * Burmish: *C-ŋa¹/ (Bradley, 1979)
 * Northern Loloish
 * Yi (Liangshan): ,
 * Khomic
 * Jingpho-Asakian
 * Nungic
 * (VanBik, 2009)
 * Central Chin
 * Lolo-Burmese-Naxi
 * (Weidert, 1987)
 * Burmish: *C-ŋa¹/ (Bradley, 1979)
 * Northern Loloish
 * Yi (Liangshan): ,
 * Khomic
 * Burmish: *C-ŋa¹/ (Bradley, 1979)
 * Northern Loloish
 * Yi (Liangshan): ,
 * Khomic
 * Yi (Liangshan): ,
 * Khomic
 * Khomic
 * Khomic
 * Khomic
 * Khomic