Rocky Mountain spotted fever

Etymology
"Rocky Mountain" refers to the US Rocky Mountains, where the disease was first identified. "Spotted fever" refers to the rash and the fever that are the most obvious symptoms.

Noun

 * 1) A disease of the Americas characterized by fever and rashes, caused by bacteria of the species  and transmitted by ticks.

Translations

 * Portuguese: febre maculosa, doença do carrapato