Template:it-IPA/documentation

Introduction
Invokes Module:it-pronunciation, which generates phonemic IPA transcriptions of Italian terms. It should eventually include phonetic transcriptions.

In normal usage, the first parameter specifies a respelling of the term with appropriate accents to indicate the position of the stress and the quality of the stressed vowel. For example, the word should be respelled as  to indicate that the e is stressed and is pronounced as low-mid, while the word  should be respelled as  to indicate that the first e is stressed and is pronounced as high-mid. Similarly,  indicates low-mid, while   indicates high-mid. The vowels a i u should always be marked with a grave accent, i.e., consistent with standard Italian spelling rules.

In some cases, the respelling will include other changes than simply marking the stressed vowel and its quality. For example: See below for the full respelling rules.
 * Any z or zz occurring in a word, unless in a recognized suffix, must be explicitly respelled either,  ,   or   to indicate its pronunciation, e.g.  for  and  for . (It is preferred to use   and   to respell a single z, and   and   to respell a double zz. However, both the single and double spellings result in equivalent pronunciations, since z is always pronounced doubled between vowels.)
 * A between an unstressed i or u and an adjacent vowel, i.e. a case where the i or u is pronounced in a separate syllable from the adjacent vowel, must be indicated explicitly by placing a   between the vowels, e.g.  for.
 * A written s between vowels that is pronounced as instead of  must be respelled as , e.g.  for.
 * Foreign words will need appropriate respelling using Italian spelling rules, e.g. for.

Parameters

 * 1, 2, ...
 * One or more respellings of the term. This can be omitted in some cases, specifically if all words in the term meet one of the following conditions:
 * the stress is explicitly indicated in the page name, e.g. ; or
 * the word has one or two vowels in it and has a, i or u as the stressed vowel, e.g. ; or
 * the word ends in a recognized suffix, e.g. (ending in ),  (ending in ) or  (ending in ); or
 * the word is a prefix (i.e. ends in a hyphen).


 * qual, qual2, ...
 * Specify a qualifier for a respelling. qual corresponds to 1, qual2 corresponds to 2, etc.


 * ref, ref2, ...
 * Specify one or more reference footnotes for a respelling. ref corresponds to 1, ref2 corresponds to 2, etc. The footnote superscript appears directly after the corresponding pronunciation. If you specify this, you should include a  section with   in it. To specify multiple footnotes for a single respelling, separate them with   (with or without spaces). To specify a name for a given footnote, use   directly after the footnote text, as if   were used, and to use a previously named footnote a second time, use only   with an empty footnote text, as if   were used. See  for more information on the syntax of the ref argument.

Within a term

 * Use  followed by a stressed vowel by itself, e.g.   or , to indicate the vowel stress and quality, based on the page name. This only works if the penultimate (second-from-last) and antepenultimate (third-from-last) vowel are different.
 * Use  at the end of a word to indicate  (raddoppiamento sintattico) of the initial consonant of the following word. See  below for more information.
 * Use  to force a syllable division that would not normally occur or would normally occur in a different place, e.g.  respelled   or  respelled.
 * Use  to represent  other than between vowels or before a voiced consonant, e.g.  respelled   and   to represent the two possible pronunciations, or  respelled.
 * Use  to represent  between vowels or before a voiced consonant, e.g.  respelled   or  respelled   (one possible pronunciation).
 * Use  to represent  other than before a vowel, e.g.  respelled.
 * Use  to represent  other than before a vowel, e.g.  respelled  . (See below for  .)
 * Use  to represent a pronounced, e.g.  respelled   (one possible pronunciation).
 * Use  to represent the sound.
 * Use  to represent the sound  when spelled as ⟨u⟩, especially in ⟨ui⟩ sequences. You could respell as plain , but using   will ensure that the correct hyphenation is generated in.
 * To represent sounds like or  other than before vowels, or to represent foreign sounds like   , just include the IPA symbol directly. (You can also use   to represent  in any position.)
 * The following rules govern the pronunciation of written gli:
 * Written gli at the beginning of a word is generated as, because the majority of words beginning gli- do not have palatal . Use  explicitly in the few words that have it, such as  and . Note that  itself is special-cased; just write it as.
 * Written gli elsewhere is generated as before a vowel, as in, and  not before a vowel, as in  or . Note that  is automatically doubled to  between vowels. To get  in these cases, as in , write  . (See below for  .)
 * Use  to block assimilations that would normally occur, such as written n being pronounced as  before labials, as well as the special interpretation of digraphs, such as written gl being pronounced as  before i or written ts being interpreted as a single sound.
 * Use an underdot to indicate an explicitly unstressed syllable in connection with  and  : ,  , e.g.  respelled.
 * Use an overdot to indicate that the entire word is unstressed, e.g. with the third person plural suffix respelled.
 * If there are multiple stresses in a word, all but the last will be converted to secondary stress. To indicate secondary stress in some other position (e.g. after the primary stress), use a combining underscore:, e.g.  respelled.
 * Use  to represent French or German, e.g.  respelled   and  respelled.
 * Use  to represent French or German, e.g.  respelled.

Specifying usage

 * Use a  at the beginning of a respelling to indicate a traditional but no longer preferred pronunciation, such as any word ending in, traditionally respelled    but in modern pronunciation respelled.
 * Use a  at the beginning of a respelling to indicate a careful pronunciation (often one that attempts to imitate a foreign pronunciation), such as  for  in place of normal, or  for  in place of normal . This can be combined with   to indicate a pronunciation that is both traditional and careful-style.
 * Use a  at the beginning of a respelling to indicate an elevated-style pronunciation (one that can be used only in highly formal circumstances), such as  for  in place of normal . This can be combined with   to indicate a pronunciation that is both traditional and elevated-style.

Syntactic gemination
Cogemination with a term:
 * Use a  at the end of a word in the middle of a term to indicate that cogemination of a following initial consonant occurs. This is the phenomenon traditionally known as  (in Italian,  or ). This is displayed by doubling the following consonant and inserting a  between the words. For example, to represent the pronunciation of, write , which displays as

Term-final cogemination:
 * Use a  at the end of a term ending in a vowel to indicate that cogemination of a following initial consonant occurs. This is the phenomenon traditionally known as  (in Italian,  or ). This causes a superscript * to be displayed after the term, with an explanatory tooltip. Note that this symbol appears automatically after multisyllabic words ending in a stressed vowel (unless the term is marked using   or  ), so it only needs to be indicated explicitly in monosyllabic words and in words ending in an unstressed vowel that trigger syntactic gemination, e.g..
 * Use a  at the end of a term ending in a vowel (e.g. ) to indicate that cogemination of a following initial consonant occurs optionally.
 * Use a  at the end of a term ending in a vowel to indicate that cogemination of a following initial consonant does not occur. This causes a superscript ° to be displayed after the term, with an explanatory tooltip. Lack of cogemination is considered the default, so this symbol does not normally need to be included. However, it can be included to make it explicit that cogemination does not occur. This is used, for example, in, where cogemination does occur in traditional pronunciation but not in modern pronunciation. This is specified using , which displays as

Term-final self-gemination:
 * Use a  at the end of a term ending in a consonant to indicate that self-gemination of this consonant before a following initial vowel occurs. This causes a superscript * to be displayed after the term, with an explanatory tooltip. Note that this symbol appears automatically after words ending in one of the consonants  (unless the term is marked using   or  ), so it only needs to be indicated explicitly in other cases.
 * Use a  at the end of a term ending in a consonant (e.g. ) to indicate that self-gemination of this consonant before a following initial vowel occurs optionally.
 * Use a  at the end of a term ending in a consonant to indicate that self-gemination of this consonant before a following initial vowel does not occur.

Term-initial cogemination and self-gemination:
 * Use a  at the beginning of a term that begins in a consonant to indicate that self-gemination of this consonant after a preceding initial vowel occurs. This causes a superscript * to be displayed before the term, with an explanatory tooltip. Note that this symbol appears automatically before words beginning in one of the consonants  (unless the term is marked using ,   or  ), so it only needs to be indicated explicitly in other cases, such as in the traditional pronunciation of.
 * Use a  at the beginning of a term that begins in a consonant to indicate that self-gemination of this consonant after a preceding initial vowel occurs optionally.
 * Use a  at the beginning of a term that begins in a consonant to indicate that this term actively blocks cogemination of this consonant in a context where it would normally occur (e.g. after a word ending in a stressed vowel). Examples of this are clitics such as  and  as well as definite articles and the preposition.
 * Use a  at the beginning of a term that begins in a consonant to indicate that this term optionally blocks cogemination of this consonant in a context where it would normally occur (e.g. after a word ending in a stressed vowel).

Unstressed words
The following single-syllable words are automatically treated as unstressed unless explicitly marked with an acute or grave accent:
 * definite articles:, , , , ,
 * indefinite articles:
 * object pronouns:, , , , ,
 * conjunctive object pronouns:, , , , ,
 * conjunctions:, , ,
 * forms of :, ,
 * forms of the preposition :, ,
 * forms of the preposition :, , ,
 * forms of the preposition :, ,
 * forms of the preposition :, ,
 * forms of the preposition :, ,
 * forms of the preposition :, ,
 * forms of the preposition : ,
 * other prepositions: ,
 * miscellaneous particles:, ,

Prefixes and suffixes
Prefixes (words ending in a hyphen) are always treated as lacking primary stress. Any stressed vowels are given secondary stress.

Recognized suffixes

 * -àbile/-ìbile
 * -àcchio
 * -àccia/-àccio
 * -àggine/-ìggine/-ùggine
 * -àglia/-àglio
 * -àia/-àio
 * -àndo/-èndo
 * -ànico/-ènico/-ìnico/-ònico/-ùnico
 * -ànte
 * , → -àntsa/-èntsa
 * -àre/-àrsi
 * -àrio
 * -àstica/-àstico/-ìstica/-ìstico
 * -àstra/-àstro
 * -àtica/-àtico/-ètica/-ètico
 * -àto/-àta
 * -èlla/-èllo
 * -ènse
 * -ènte (but -ménte)
 * -ènto (but -ménto)
 * -ésca/-ésco
 * -étta
 * → -éttsa
 * -évole
 * -fìcio
 * -iàna/-iàno
 * → -iddzatrìce
 * → -iddzatsióne
 * → -iddzatóre
 * → -iddzàndo
 * → -iddzànte
 * / → -iddzàre/-iddzàrsi
 * -ièra/-ièro
 * -ìfero
 * -ìglia/-ìglio
 * -ìre/-ìrsi
 * -ìsmo
 * -ìsta
 * -ìva/-ìvo
 * / → -ìtsia/-ìtsio
 * -logìa
 * -ménte
 * -ménto
 * -òide
 * -óne
 * -óso
 * -sòrio/-tòrio
 * -sóre/-tóre
 * -trìce
 * -tùdine
 * -ùra
 * -ùro when not directly following a vowel (as in e.g. )
 * → -tsióne

Examples
For more, see Module:it-pronunciation/testcases.