User:نعم البدل/UrduPhon

Vowels

 * 1)  – [a letter] marked/pronounced as a فَتْحَہ [زبر]
 * 2)  – [a letter] marked/pronounced as a کَسْرَہ [زیر]
 * 3)  – [a letter] marked/pronounced as a ضَمَّہ [پیش]
 * 4)  – [a letter] geminated, marked by a تشدید
 * 5)  /  – the absence of a vowel [سُکُون]
 * 6)  – the light pronunciation of a vowel diacritic.
 * 1)  – the light pronunciation of a vowel diacritic.


 * 1)  – the letter that is 'stretched'
 * – the vao that is pronounced as a
 * – the ye that is pronounced as a
 * 1)  – the letter that is not 'stretched' – opposite of above
 * – the vao that is pronounced as a
 * – the ye that is pronounced as a

Majhool

 * 1)  –  represented by a fatha
 * 2)  –  represented by a kasra
 * 3)  –  represented by a damma

Consonants

 * 1)  – the blending of two consonants
 * 2)  – the consonant  that isn't pronounced.
 * Most commonly preceded by an aleph. However, in the few cases where aleph is not present – a line below the vowel can drawn to indicate a, often done in primers. In a Unicode proposal, CLE stated the 'Waw Gher malfuz' is indicated as و۫ , though otherwise in primers it is said that it is indicated by a "horizontal line".
 * 1)  – similar to above.
 * 2)  – pronounced, opposite to above.
 * 3)  – a letter with no dotes (adj. see no he for noun)
 * 4)  – a letter with dotes (adj. see no he for noun)

Nasalisation
Nasalisation in Urdu typically occurs in four ways:


 * 1)  (or )
 * nasalization that occurs after the previous letter
 * nasalization that occurs blending with the preceding letter
 * the nasalization which is pronounced as an 'm'
 * the nasal (alveolar) consonant
 * the nasalization which is pronounced as an 'm'
 * the nasal (alveolar) consonant
 * the nasal (alveolar) consonant