User:-sche/Wiyot

Wiyot. In Reichard's 1925 orthography except where noted. (Special letters: ɬ ɣ ɑ ʷ + others.)

items and structures

 * bɑ'kɑrô "small drying frame"
 * bɑɬ (cf. mo·l)
 * cf buhl- "house" (1993), buhl-/bul- "house" (Karl Teeter's 1964 The Wiyot language orthography)
 * bɑt (Reichard's 1925 orthography), pat (1993 Wiyot Handbook orthography)
 * bɑtgē' (verb? or noun?)
 * blaiya·tck
 * botcibal
 * bumē·'pel "metal knife"
 * las-
 * man
 * meɬ (Reichard's 1925 orthography), bel/duhmel (1993 Wiyot Handbook orthography)
 * mo·l (cf. bɑɬ); contrast Yurok ,
 * pakɬ
 * va'dop
 * vaɬaɬ (Reichard's 1925 orthography), bolàl or boɬàl ("doctor's pipe") (1993 Wiyot Handbook orthography)


 * vatsawē'tk

people and body parts (including animals')

 * hɑmo·'twiɬ "woman"


 * caroril, caróril "young woman, girl" (1993)


 * he'tca· is glossed as "baby in arms"(?!)
 * hikdak "Yurok man"


 * wa'giswal "white woman"
 * tikwomutwil, tikwómutwil "white woman" (1993)
 * tikwo, tikwoh "white man" (1993)


 * wɑkɑs "father-in-law" (1925), bakhas (1993)


 * aunt (maternal) : djo·l tco·l chul (1993: "čul") (The North American Indian orthography: chul; it also has Yurok "tul", corresponding to modern "tu'l", "tulos", which is used of both maternal and paternal, whereas Wiyot has in TNAI orthography "paq" for paternal aunt, 1993 "pokw") -- PA *neθwihša "my maternal aunt", PA *nesekwihsa "paternal aunt; cross aunt" [Hockett (1964)]


 * 1993: ko
 * 1993: bakhat


 * daɣ; contrast Yurok -yah
 * mapt (1925) / bópt "wart" (1964)
 * mi·t; compare Yurok
 * vɑ-ɬo'k; contrast Yurok ,
 * vɑpt (=bapt)
 * vɑ'tɑr "nose" (from -tɑr- "project")
 * vɑ-tok "elbow"
 * vɑ't-wo·k "rib"
 * wad- "shell"
 * wɑtgɑn (rɑtgɑn, kɑtgɑn) / vɑ-tgɑ'n
 * wē·'liɬ "foot" (1925), huwéliɬahl "her/his/its foot" (1993)
 * we's "hand" (1925), wehs "hand" (1993 + Karl Teeter's 1964 The Wiyot language orthography)
 * wēt (rē·t, kē·t) "tongue" (1925) / bít "tongue" (1964)
 * witcgatc "leg" (1925) / báčkoč "leg" (1964)


 * vɑ'tɑr "nose", rɑ'tɑr "my nose"
 * vītsaɬ "saliva", rī'tsaɬ "my saliva" (1925) / bicôɬ "saliva" (1964)


 * dɑ'wē glossed as "milt" (which according to en.Wikt means either "(animal) spleen" or "fish semen")


 * baibalûk "ears" (1964)
 * nókwoš "Yurok woman" (1964)

plants

 * -ɑɬat "tree; bush"
 * wawar-ɑɬat "salmon-berry bush"
 * doɬ-ɑɬat "tan oak"
 * vi'go-ɬat "salal-berry bush"
 * te'ma·'-ɬat "elder bush"


 * bɑdaɣɑt "apple"
 * bɑgɑɬē·'tek "blueberry"
 * gudji'cɑkwe (1925), kučišakwih (1993)
 * gwa·s "tobacco"
 * gwāts (??) "a bulbous plant"
 * ɣɑs "manzanita"
 * kɑwɑ'ɬ "dusky-leaved willow"
 * la·c "strawberry"
 * tgaɬ (?) "shiny-leaved willow"
 * tso'm, "Leptitimia californica", a misspelling or misprint of Leptotaenia californica, an obsolete synonym of Lomatium californicum
 * va'da'u' "salmon berry"
 * va·d·l' "wood"
 * vɑɬ "small bulbous plant"
 * 1925: vɑt "hazelnut"; contrast 1993: haskapohla "hazelnuts"
 * vē·ɬ (-ē·ɬ?); compare Yurok (-('y)ehl?)


 * kwóswak "tobacco" (1964)
 * thihmó "elderberries" (1964)
 * rôkɬ "river onion" (1964) / rokɬ "river onion" (1993)
 * palokhatk "hill onion(s), Indian potatoes, Brodiaca sp." (1993)

animals

 * bɑkt "duck a little smaller than a loon"
 * be·'i "mosquito"
 * bo'tceɬ "night hawk"
 * butcate "snail"
 * cada·'c; contrast Yurok, /
 * ci'par "small round shell which is strung"
 * cira·'wɑ'n "dove"
 * dāicô'te "animal"
 * dɑ'kdo'ker "small black sea lion"
 * dɑ'kgô·k "quail"
 * dɑvɑ'l "king salmon(?)"
 * da·'yl' "Sacramento goose"
 * ɬawa'da'l "fish smaller than a steelhead but otherwise like it"
 * ɬete; contrast
 * ɬo'kat "hake"
 * ɬu·b "small shellfish"
 * ɬwuraɣɑ'di "kind of crab"
 * sa·ɣo'ks "canvasback duck"
 * sɑlɑ's "ground squirrel (Athapascan slas)"
 * sɑpɬ "a kind of crab"
 * skɑrē·'ts "flounder"
 * ve-lɑkʷ; contrast Yurok
 * ve-lɑkwiva·n "crane"
 * ve-tcac "mussels (when inside something)"
 * wóyic (1993 orthography)


 * tɑpɬ
 * tɑvɑ'ɣɑr
 * tgēbɑ's
 * tgo·w
 * tkayo·'kis; contrast Yurok
 * twl'nuwl'
 * tya·kʷ (Colaptes auratus); contrast Yurok /


 * botskɑts "a bunch of [ten] ducks : ten ducks tied together"


 * makʷ hɑdē'gwɑ'l "bear his louse", i.e. "caterpillar"
 * bókw "bear" (NL)


 * ha'-la·'l-iɬ "duck ['it flies around']"
 * ha-ɬa·'l-iɣ "jump around"
 * ha'-likʷɬ-il "fox ['he cries around']"
 * ha-rakʷɬi'r-iɬ "wolf ['he chases around']"
 * he-ya-va·'w-iɬ "it is crying"


 * 1993 Wiyot Handbook orthography: lowepalukil, hikw
 * 1993 Wiyot Handbook orthography: woyic ("dog, horse"), wečoč ("puppy [dog]")


 * phicûhlokš "owl" (1964)
 * chòd "mussels" (1964)
 * čumoš "slug" (1964)
 * ɬimoyúsahla "bluejay" (1964)


 * hoɬe·i' [clam]
 * horawa'yɑɣel [fur seal (probably a compound)]
 * hu-rá-wa-yi-ģhiħl (The North American Indian orthography; it also has "tu-wḗ-ģhā́" for Yurok "raccoon", modern Yurok orthography "twegoh")
 * hɑ'mĕ·k [pigeon]
 * bitso'lake [owl]
 * becdo'l [chipmunk (compound)]
 * ba·'m [sturgeon]


 * ka-chó-qi "rattlesnake" (TNAI), hóhrač "snake" (1993)

misc

 * valar; contrast Yurok


 * mɑs wulo·lɑ'l "fire its mouth", i.e. "fireplace"
 * The Wiyot Language (1964), page 81: "Two nouns of the class have an irregular 1-Poss: balid 'eyes' and balul 'mouth', whose 1-Poss forms are respectively kalid and kalul."
 * Wiyot Handbook (1993): balul "mouth", kalul "mouth of 1[st person, i.e. 'my mouth']", khalúl "mouth of 2[nd person, i.e. 'your mouth']"


 * mɑs (Reichard's 1925 orthography) / bas (1993 Wiyot Handbook orthography)
 * see


 * gɑtsunē·k "ice"
 * gowe'lei' "earthquake"
 * gves "mountain"
 * hēɬɑ'k "lightning"
 * ho·'l (1925), huhl (1993)
 * kā·k "cloudy night" (literally "open")
 * laleɬ
 * lɑ'pdau' "cloud"
 * latgak
 * we'n hawɑlē'nɑ'l "sky its eyes", i.e. stars
 * we'n; contrast Yurok


 * pei'
 * vo'd·ɑwɑ'k "famine"
 * wi'k-dat "southward, up hither (used in prayer)"


 * -dēgaw- "cut through"
 * dēcgl'gwa·g- "talk of dead people"
 * (-)dēg- (sometimes dēgw-) "break; sever"
 * -dēgɑl-; contrast Yurok, , 'rkryshek'
 * -dēgw·ɑ-wē·c- "mark a spark"
 * -dēgwɑl- "tell what one (as a doctor) sees : diagnose"
 * -dēkʷɬ- "lie"
 * (-)lɑtgɑr- "frighten, chase"
 * -lɑnēm- "take [a?] trail"
 * -lɑtsg- "make[a] report"
 * (h/y/d/l)ē·l "say"
 * hēɬɑɬ- "choke"
 * heɬonɑtc- "blow [one's] nose"


 * Wiyot: ga'wik, kahwik ; saɣ ; bas
 * Yurok: pekoyek (short form: pek);


 * batûk "sibling" (1964)
 * bácas "sibling-in-law (woman speaking)" (1964)
 * čhuróč "bottle" (1964)
 * latkâk "sand" (1964)


 * bíkwhal "tears" (1964)
 * báh "excrement" (1964)
 * bacókš "semen" (1964)


 * 1925: A final r or d becomes n when certain suffixes are added: tsa·r "mussel", tsa·'nats "shell spoon"


 * ku "that" (1993)


 * -lɑ'wɑl- [swallow (verb)],
 * -lɑwas- [string a bow (verb)]