User:Burgundaz/Germanic plants and animals

General terms

 * *deuzą - n - "(wild) animal" < *dʰews-óm
 * *welþaz (oblique *wilþiz-) - n - "wild animal, beast" < *wélt-os/*wélt-es- (OE wilder/wildor; OHG wild/wildiran (dative plural))

Birds (*Fuglōz)

 * *agǭ (obl. *akkōn-) - f - "magpie"
 * *agatǭ - f - "magpie"
 * *agilǭ - f - "magpie"
 * *agilastrijǭ - f - "magpie"
 * *alaz - m - "auk?; long tailed duck?"
 * *alkǭ - f - "auk" (ON alka; OE ealce)
 * *allijǭ - f - "auk?; long tailed duck?"
 * *albuts (obl. *albit-) - f - "swan"
 * *amuzô/*amazô - m - "bunting" (OE omer/amore; OHG amoro)
 * *amslǭ - f - "blackbird" (OE o-sle; OHG amsala)
 * *anudz (obl. aniþ-) - f - "duck" (ON ǫnd, (pl) endr/andir; OE ænid/æned/ened; OHG anut/enit)
 * *arô (obl. *arn-) - m - "eagle" (GO ara; ON ari/ǫrn; OE earn; OHG 'aro/arn)
 * *artǭ - f - "wagtail; teal" (ON arta; OE earte)
 * *awadaz - m - "eiderduck" (ON *áðr > MoSW (dial.) åd)
 * *awadī - f - "eiderduck" (ON æðr) (or *awidī?)
 * *balikô - m - "coot" (OS beliko)
 * *balikǭ - f - "coot" (OHG belihha)
 * *dēh(w)ǭ - f - "jackdaw" (OE *dāwe > ME dawe; OHG tāha)
 * *dūbǭ - f - "dove" (GO -dūbo; ON dúfa; OS dūba; OHG tūba)
 * *dūbazô - m - "male dove" (OHG *tūbar(o) > MHG tūber)
 * *erpô - m - "hazel grouse" (ON jarpi)
 * *ewwadô - m - "tit; kind of small bird" (ON *egði > NO egde)
 * *ewwadjǭ - f - "tit; kind of small bird" (ON igða) (or *iwwidjǭ?)
 * *falkô - m - "falcon" (ON falki; OHG falco)
 * *ganazô - m - "gander" (OE gandra)
 * *gaukaz - m - "cuckoo" (ON gaukr; OE gēac; OHG gouh)
 * *habukaz (obl. *habika-) - m - "hawk" (ON haukr; OE hafoc/hafuc/heafoc; OF hauk; OS habuk; OHG habuh) - (cf. Proto-Slavic *kobьcь ("hawk; merlin")
 * *hanô - m - "singer; rooster" (also used in a compound for "grasshopper") (GO hana; ON hani; OE hana; OF hona; OS hano; OHG hano) (< *kh̥́₂n-on-)
 * *hanjō - f - "hen" (OE henn; OS henna; OHG henna) (secondary feminine formation)
 * *hōnaz (obl. *hōniz-) - n - "hen, fowl" (OS hōn; OHG huon)
 * *hōnisīną - n - "poultry(?)" (ON hœnsn)
 * *hōnijǭ - f - "hen" (ON hœna) (the original feminine formation)
 * *himbriną/*him(b)rīną - n - "common loon, great northern diver" (ON himbrin)
 * *hrabô (obl. *hrapp-) - m - "raven" (ON hrafn; OE hræfn/hræm; OS -raban/-ram; MD rave; OHG rabo/hrabo/rappo/hraban)
 * *hrōkaz/*hrōkô - m - "rook, jackdaw" (ON hrókr/hraukr; OE hrōc; OS hrōk; OHG ruoh/ruoho)
 * *hūwô - m - "owl" (OHG hūwo)
 * *kawō/*kēwō - f - "jackdaw" (OE cēo; OS kā; OHG kaha/kā)
 * *kran- - "crane"
 * *kranaz - m - "crane" (OE cran)
 * *kranô - m - "crane" (ON trani; OS krano; MHG krane)
 * *kranǭ - f - "crane" (ON trana)
 * *kranukaz - m - "crane"
 * *krēkaz - m - "crow, raven" (ON krákr)
 * *krēkǭ - f - "crow, raven" (ON kráka)
 * *kulbrǭ/kulubrǭ - f - "dove" (OE culfre/culufre) (borrowed from either *kol(u)br- or *gul(u)br-)
 * *laiwaz (obl. *laiwiz-) - n - "lark"
 * *laiwizakǭ - f - "lark" (OE lāwrice/lāwerce/lǣwerce; OHG lērahha/lēricha)
 * *maisǭ - f - "titmouse" (IC -meisa; OE māse; MD mese; OHG meisa)
 * *maisingaz - m - "titmouse" (ON meisingr)
 * *maisingô - m - "titmouse" (OF mesinga)
 * *maisingǭ - f - "titmouse" (OD *mēsinga > MLa misinga)
 * *mai- - "sea-gull"
 * *mai(h)waz - m - "sea-gull" (ON már/mór; OE māw; OHG mēh)
 * *maisô - m - "sea-gull" (NO måse; SW mås)
 * *maikô - m - "sea-gull" (SW måke; DA måge)
 * *maiwiz - m - "mew" (OE mǣw/mēaw)
 * *skeuraz - m - "magpie" (ON skjǫr)
 * *smeuhō - f - "smew" (OE *smēo(h) > MoE smee/smew; MHG smiehe) < uncertain
 * *starô (obl. *starran-) - m - "starling" (ON stari; OE stær; OHG star(o))
 * *star(ri)jǭ - f - "starling" (MD sterre)
 * *starǭ - f - "starling" (OS stara)
 * *sūlǭ - f - "gannet"
 * *swalwǭ - f - "swallow" (ON svala; OE swealwe/swealewe; OS swala; OHG swalawa)
 * *swanaz - m - "swan" (ON svanr; OE swan/swon; OS swan; OHG swan)
 * *tailijaz - m - "teal" (ME tēl; MD teling/teiling)
 * *urzę̄ (pl. *urzniz) - m - "black grouse, capercaillie" (ON orri; OHG orre-huon)
 * *urznī - f - "black grouse, capercaillie" (NO (dial.) yrkne)
 * *walō - f - "golden oriole" (ME wōde-wāle; MD wede-wale; MHG wite-wal)
 * *wōrzô - m - "black grouse; pheasant" (OE wōr-hana)
 * *wrind- - "wren"
 * *wrandijô - m - "wren" (OS wrendo)
 * *wrandilô - m - "wren" (OS wrendilo; OHG wrentilo)
 * *wran(d)nijô - m - "wren" (OE wrenna/werna)
 * *wrindilaz - m - "wren" (ON rindil- > IC rindill)

Fish and sea-life (*Fiskōz jahw deuzō marīz)

 * *ag- - "bass" (probably from *h₂eḱ- ("to be sharp"))
 * *aga- - "bass, seabass" (OSw agh-borre; ODa agborræ)
 * *aguraz/*aguzaz - m - "sea-bass; or carp(?); kind of fish" (ON ǫgr, also augr/augurr )
 * *alundaz (obl. *alunþaz) - m - "whitefish; mackerel" (ON ǫlunn; OS alund; OHG alunt)
 * *barsaz - m - "bass; perch" (OE bears/bærs; MD barse/baerse; OHG bars)
 * *burzô - m - "bass" (OSw agh-borre; ODa ag-borræ
 * *ēlaz - m - "eel"
 * *furhnō - f - "trout" (OE forn(e); OS forhna
 * *furhnijǭ - f - "trout" (OS furhnia; MD voorne; OHG forhana)
 * *grumþungaz - m - "cod" (coastal?) (ON grunnungr) (literally means "shallow (one)")
 * *halikaz - m - "herring" (OE healic)
 * *humaraz - m - "lobster" (ON humarr)
 * *hwaliz - m - "whale" (ON hvalr; OE hwael; MD wal-visch; OHG wal/wal-fisk)
 * *hwalisō - f - "wels catfish, sheatfish" (MoG wels)
 * *hwalizǭ - f - "whale" (OHG walira)
 * *igilaz - m - "sea urchin"
 * *krabbô - m - "crab, crayfish" (ON krabbi; OE crabba)
 * *krabitaz - m - "crayfish" (OS krebit; OHG krebiz/krebazzo < *krabatjô/*krabitjô?)
 * *lahsaz - m - "salmon"
 * *liuhizaz - m - "Atlantic/European pollock" (ON lýr(r))
 * *milikō/ǭ - f - "tuna"
 * *sīkaz - m - "type of salmon, common/European whitefish"
 * *sturjô - m - "sturgeon"
 * *sturjǭ - f - sturgeon"
 * *þurskaz - m - "cod" (ON þorskr)

Insects (*In-skurō)

 * *ēmitjō/*amaitijō - f - "ant" (OE ǣmette/æmette; MD amete/emete/eemt; OHG āmeiza/ameiza)
 * *angraz - m - "weevil" (OHG angar) (from *h₂engʷʰ- ("snake"))
 * bijǭ - f - "bee"
 * *binô - m - "bee"
 * *binīną - n - "bee"
 * *bitlô - m - "beetle" (< *bītaną)
 * *brem- - "gadfly" (< *bremaną ("to drone, hum"))
 * *bremô - m - "gadfly" (OS bremo; OHG bremo) (probably the primary formation)
 * *brimmijǭ - f - "gadfly" (OD bremmia) (< *brim-n-jǭ) (probably the original feminine)
 * *bremutō - f - "gadfly" (MLG bromete) (with the "animal suffix" -ut-)
 * *brimisô - m - "gadfly" (OE brēosa/brīosa )
 * *brimisjǭ - f - "gadfly" (OE brimse; OS brimissa; MD breemse/bremse)
 * *drenô/*drunô - m - "drone"
 * *durô - m - "bumblebee"
 * *ēmǭ - f - "larva; caterpillar" (ON *áma > NO åme)
 * *ēmilō - f - "larva" (OE ēmel; MLG emel)
 * *fīfaldrô - m - "butterfly"
 * *fīfaldrǭ - f - "butterfly"
 * *flauhaz - m - "flea"
 * *fleugǭ - f - "fly"
 * *gnattaz - m - "gnat"
 * *humilô - m - "bumblebee"
 * *humulaz - m - "bumblebee"
 * *hurznutô - m - "hornet"
 * *hurznutǭ - f - "hornet"
 * *imbijaz - m - "bee"
 * *imbijō - f - "bee"
 * *imbiją - n - "swarm of bees"
 * *kabraz/*kabrô - m - "beetle"
 * *kebraz/*kebrô - m - "beetle"
 * *luppô - f - "flea"
 * *lūs - f - "louse"
 * *maþô - m - "maggot; moth"
 * *maþikô - m - "maggot, worm"
 * *maþrô - m - "woodworm"
 * *maþrijô - m - "mite"
 * *mauraz - m - "ant"
 * *maurijǭ - f - "ant"
 * *muþþô - m - "moth"
 * *muþþǭ - f - "moth"
 * *muþikǭ - f - "moth"
 * *muwī (obl. *mujjō-) - f - "mosquito"
 * *tīgô (obl. *tikkan-') - m - "tick"
 * *wibilaz - m - "weevil; beetle"

Mammals (*Dajjand deuzō)

 * *aikwernô/*īkurnô - m - "squirrel" (ON íkorni; OE ācweorn(a); MD eecoren; OHG eihhurno/eihhorno)
 * *apô - m - "monkey, ape" (ON api; OE apa; OS apo; OHG affo) < *h₂/₃eb-
 * *awī (obl. *awjō-) - f - "ewe" (ON ær; OE ēowu; OF ei; MD ooi(e)/ouw(e); OHG ouwi/ou)
 * *bairaz - m - "boar" (OE bār; OS bēr; OHG bēr)
 * *barugaz - m - "barrow, castrated boar" (ON bǫrg; OE bearg/bearh; OHG barug)
 * *beburaz - m - "beaver" (ON bjǫrr ; OE beofer; OS bibar/bibor; OHG bibar/bibur)
 * *berô (obl. *bern-) - m - "bear" (originally *werô, obl. *bernu-)
 * *birnijǭ - f - "she-bear" (ON birna)
 * *brindaz - m - "elk" (Elfd. brinde; NO bringe)
 * *brundaz - m - "rut; male elk" (ON *brund > NO brund)
 * *brusô - m - "he-goat, buck"
 * *bukô (obl. *bukkan-)/*bukkaz - m - "billy-goat, buck" (ON bokkr/bukkr; OE bucc; MD boc; OHG bock)
 * *bulô (obl. *bullan-) - m - "bull" (ON buli; OE bula; MLG bulle; MD bul(le))
 * *bullukaz - m - "bull calf, young bull" (OE bulluc)
 * *dugô (obl. *dukk-) - m - "(large) dog, mastiff" (OE docga/*dogga > ME dogge) < *duganą ("to be fit")
 * *eburaz - m - "boar" (ON jǫfurr; OE eofor; MD ever; OHG ebur)
 * *ehwaz - m - "horse" (GO aihwa-; ON jór; OE eoh; OS ehu-skalk)
 * *elhô (obl. *elka-) - m - "elk" (OE eolh/eola; OHG elaho/elho) (the oblique stem elk- is due to Kluge's law > *h₁el-ḱ-nós)
 * *erbaz/*erbô - "wolverine" (ON *jarfr > IC jerfur, obs. jarfi, NO jerv, dial. jarv/erv)
 * *farhaz - m - "farrow, pig" (OE fearh; OHG farah/farh)
 * *farhakīną - n - "pig" (MD verkijn/varkijn)
 * *farhalīną - n - "pig" (OHG ''farhilī(n))
 * *farzô - m - "young bull" (ON farri; OE fearr; MD var(r)e; OHG farro)
 * *farsijō - f - "heifer" (MLG verse; MD vaerse/ve(e)rse; MHG verse)
 * *fōraz - m - "piglet" (OE fōr; OS fōr; MLG vōr)
 * *fuhsaz - m - "fox" (OE fox; MLG vos(se); MD vos; OHG fuhs)
 * *fuhǭ - f - "she-fox, vixen" (GO fauho; ON fóa/fúa; OHG voha)
 * *fuhsinjō - f - "she-fox, vixen" (ME fixen(e)/vixen; MHG vühsinne) (secondary feminine formation)
 * *fulô - m - "foal" (GO fula; ON foli; OE fola; OHG folo)
 * *fulikǭ - f - "filly, young mare" (MD vilke; MHG vülche)
 * *fulīną - n - "foal" (MD volen/vulen; OHG vulīn
 * *fulją - n - "foal or filly" (ON fyl)
 * *fuljǭ - f - "she-foal, filly" (ON fylja)
 * *gaits - f - "goat" (GO gaits; ON geit; OE gāt; OS gēt; OHG geiz)
 * *gaitīną - n - "kid, little goat" (GO gaitein) (cf. OE gǣten, OHG geizīn < *gaitīnaz ("of or related to goat"))
 * *grawją - n - "greyhound" (ON grey; OE grīġhund)
 * *haþ- - "goat"
 * *hadala - f - "she-goat" (MHG hatele)
 * *hadinǭ/*haþnǭ - f - "young she-goat" (ON haðna)
 * *hafraz - m - "billy-goat, buck" (ON hafr; OE hæfer)
 * *hamalaz - m - "castrated ram" < "truncated (ram)" (MD hame; OHG hamal)
 * *harmô - m - "ermine"
 * *herutaz - m - "hart, deer"
 * *hesô/*hazô - m - "hare"
 * *hindō - f - "hind"
 * *hrūtaz - m - "ram"
 * *hundaz - m - "dog"
 * *egulaz (obl. *igilaz) - m - "hedgehog; porcupine" (ON igull; ODa jæwæl (< ON *jǫgull?); OE igil; MD egel; OHG igil)
 * *irhaz - m - "he-goat"
 * *irpijǭ - f - "brown mare" (IC irpa)
 * *jaukijaz - m - "draft animal, horse"
 * *jaukijǭ - f - "draft animal, mare"
 * *kelb- - "calf"
 * *kalbaz (obl. *kalbiz-) - n - "calf"
 * *kalbǭ - f - "female calf" (GO kalbo; OHG kalba)
 * *kelbuzą - n - "calf" (OE cilfor-lamb; OHG kilbur)
 * *kelbuzjō - f - "female calf" (OHG kilburra)
 * *kat- - "cat" (earlier *gat-)
 * *katasô/*katazô - m - "tomcat" (MD catere; OHG katere; MoG (dial.) kāz)
 * *kattǭ/*kattaz - f - "cat" (OF katte; MD catte; OHG kazza)
 * *kattuz - m - "cat" (ON kǫttr)
 * *kattijǭ - f - "cat" (ON ketta)
 * *kursô - m - "bull calf" (ON kursi/kussi)
 * *kurzô (< *kwurz-) - m - "dog, mongrel" (ME curre)
 * *kwarzijō - f - "female dog, bitch" (MD querie)
 * *k(w)ōz (obl. *ku-; pl. *ku-ïz') - f - "cow" (ON kýr; OE kū, pl.kȳ; OF kū; OS kō; OHG kuo)
 * *lambaz (obl. *lambiz-) - n - "lamb"
 * *luhsaz - m - "lynx" (original s-stem *luhaz/*luhiz-?)
 * *luhō - f - "lynx"
 * *marhaz - m - "horse, steed"
 * *marhī - f - "mare"
 * *marþruz - m - "marten"
 * *mēlō - f - "young cow" (OLF ma-la; MoD maal; cf. AG μῆλον; PC *mīlom)
 * *mūs - f - "mouse"
 * *rīh- - "roe deer"
 * *raihaz/*raihô - m - "roe deer" (ON rá; OE rā/rāha; OD rēho; OHG rēh/rēho)
 * *rikkī - f - "female roe deer" (MoD recke; MoG Ricke)
 * *raþô (obl. ratt-) - m - "rat"
 * *smalô - m - "cattle" (ON smali)
 * *steuraz - m - "steer, bull"
 * *sūz (obl. *suw-) - f - "sow"
 * *swīną - n - "swine, pig" (GO swein; ON svín; OE swī; OF swīn; OS swīn; OHG swīn)
 * *tauhǭn - f - "female dog, bitch"
 * *tibǭ (obl. *tippōn-) - f - "female dog, bitch" (IC tebba ; OE tife; MD teve)
 * *tigǭ - f - "goat" (OHG ziga)
 * *tikkīną - n - "young goat" (OE ticcen; OHG zickīn)
 * *þahsuz - m - "badger" (NO (dial.) toks; MD das; MHG dahs)
 * *þeuraz - m - "bull" (ON þjórr); OSw þiur; MoD (dial.) duur)
 * *uhsę̄ (pl. *uhsniz) - m - "ox"
 * *ūrz/*ūrô - m - "aurocks" (ON úrr; OE ūr; OHG ūro)
 * *windundz - m - "wisent" (ON vísundr; OE wesend/weosend; MD wesent; OHG wisunt/wisant)
 * *wrainijô - m - "stallion"
 * *wulbī (obl. *wulgijō-) - f - "she-wolf" (ON ylgr/ylgja; OHG wulpa)
 * *wulfaz - m - "wolf" (GO wulfs; ON ulfr; OE wulf; OHG wolf) (gave two stems in West Germanic, *wulf- and *wolf- due to uneven a-umlaut)

Reptiles (*Kreupand deuzō)

 * *snek-
 * *snakô - f - "snake" (OE snaca; OS *snako > MLG snake) (newer, formed from *snakaną ("to sneak, crouch"))
 * *snēkô - f - "snake" (ON snákr) (older form)
 * *ungô (obl. *unk-) - m - "snake" (OHG unk, MHG unc/unke) < *h₂engʷʰ- ("snake")

Flowers and flowering plants (*Blōmaniz jahw blōandijôz urtīz)

 * *adukaz (obl. *adika-) - m - "(dwarf) elder" - (cf. Celtic *odok-, Latin ebulum)
 * *adikô - m - "coriander" < "(dwarf) elder" (OHG attiho, (also glosses Latin ebulum)
 * *alizô - m - "elder tree" (ON alri)
 * *arfô - m - "chickweed" (ON arfi; OE earfan (pl))
 * *bel- - "henbane"
 * *bellǭ - f - "henbane" (OE henne-belle)
 * *belunǭ (obl. *bilinōn-) - f - "henbane" (OE belone/beolone/belene; OS bilina)
 * *bilisǭ - f - "henbane" (OHG bilisa)
 * *brēm- - "bramble; broom"
 * *brēmaz - m - "broom, bramble" (OE brōm)
 * *brēmilaz - m - "bramble" (OE brǣm(b)el/brēm(b)el; OS brāmal-busk)
 * *brēmô - m - "bramble shrub, blackberry shrub, thorny shrub" (OHG brāmo)
 * *brēmǭ - f - "bramble" (OHG brāma)
 * *brēraz/*brēzaz - m - "briar, thorny bush" (OE brēr/brǣr) < uncertain
 * *bulutaz - m - "cuckoo flower" (OE bulut) (presumably the oblique is *bulita-)
 * *diliz (obl. or pl. *dulja-) - m - "dill" (OE dile/dyle; OS dilli; OHG tilli; MHG tülle)
 * *dudrô - m - "dodder; camelina?" (ME doder; MLG doder/dodder; OHG totoro > MHG toter)
 * *dudrǭ - f - "dodder; camelina?" (ON *doðra > IC -doðra, SW dådra)
 * *flahsą - n - "flax" (OE fleax; OF flax; MLG vlas; OHG flahs)
 * *fur(r)isaz - m - "furze" (OE fyrs)
 * *gurstaz - m - "gorse, furze, bramble" (OE gorst) (related to *gerstō)
 * *hanapaz/*hanipaz - m - "hemp" (ON hanpr; OE hænep/henep; MD hanep/hannep; OHG hanaf/hanif)
 * *harzwaz - m - "flax" (ON hǫrr; OF her; OHG haro/harwes)
 * *helmaz - m - "sedge; marram grass"
 * *hramusô - m - "ramsons, wild garlic"
 * *hramusjǭ - f - "ramsons, wild garlic"
 * *hul- - "holly"
 * *hulanaz - m - "holly" (OE holen/holegn)
 * *hulbaz - m - "holly" (ON hulfr) (or *hulwaz?)
 * *hulisaz - m - "holly" (MD huls; OHG hulis/huls)
 * *hulisjǭ - f - "holly" (MoG Hülse)
 * *humilô - m - "hops" (ON humli)
 * *humiljǭ - f - "hops" (OE hymele) (collective?)
 * *klaitǭ - f - "clot-bur, burdock" (OE clāte)
 * *klībǭ/*klibǭ - f - "burdock" (OE clife; OS klīva; OHG klība) (ablauting *klībǭ/*klibǭ?)
 * *lingwą - n - "heather" (ON lyng; OSw liung)
 * *madrǭ - f - "madder" (ON maðra; OE mædere; MHG matare/metere'')
 * *maldō - f - "saltbush, orache" (SW molla; MoG (dial.) malda)
 * *maldijō - f - "saltbush, orache" (NO -melde; OSw mæld; OE melde; OS maldia; OHG melta/melda (< *malþijō?))
 * *marikô - m - "wild celery, smallage" (ON merki; OSw mærke; OE mer(e)ce; MLG merk)
 * *miuriją - n - "chickweed" (WFr mier(e); MD miere/mure'')
 * *murhǭ - f - "wild carrot" (OE moru/more; OS morha; MD more; OHG moraha) (possibly ON mura ("silverweed"))
 * *natǭ - f - "nettle" (NO (dial.) nata; OHG nazza)
 * *natilǭ - f - "nettle" (NO (dial.) netla; OE netele/netel; OHG nezzila)
 * *sagjaz - m - "sedge"
 * *sahazaz - m - "sedge" (OS saher-; OHG sahar) (< original *sahaz/*sahiz-? cf. also *sahsą, "knife")
 * *smērô - m - "clover" (ON *smári > IC smári)
 * *smērijǭ - f - "clover" (ON *smæra > IC smæra)
 * *smultraną - n - "wild strawberry"
 * *waizdą - n - "woad" (OE wād; OF wēde; OS wēd; OD wēd(e); OHG weit)
 * wratjǭ - f - "madder" (OE wrætte; OHG rezza) (related to *wrōts ("root"))

Fruits (*Akranō)

 * *aikilǭ - f - "acorn" (MoD eikil; OHG eihhila)
 * *ainijabazją - n - "juniper berry" (ON einiber)
 * *akraną - n - "tree fruit, acorn" (GO akran; ON akarn; OSw akarn; OE æcern, MoE acorn; MD aker; MHG ackeran)
 * *aplaz - m - "apple" (OE æpl)
 * *apulaz (obl. *apila-) - m - "apple" (OE æpl/æppel
 * *basją (pl. *bazja-) - n - "berry" (GO basi; ON ber; OE beriġe; OS beri; MD bes/besie; OHG beri)
 * *bladą - n - "leaf, blade" (ON blað; OE blæd; OF -bled; OS blad; OHG blat)
 * *hnuts - f - "nut" (ON hnot; OE hnutu; OS hnut; OHG nuz)
 * *mastaz - m - "mast, fruit of forest trees" (OE mæst; OHG mast)

Grasses (*Grasō)

 * *andulaz/*and(a)laz - m - "saltmarsh grass" (OF ondul/andel)
 * *benutaz (obl. *binita-) - m - "bulrush?; a type of dry or coarse grass?" (OE beonot; OS binet; OHG binuz)
 * *bewwu/*bewwaz (obl. *biwwiz-) - n - "barley"
 * *gerstō - f - "barley" (OS gersta; OHG gersta) (cf. Latin hordeum)
 * *hirsijaz - m - "millet" (ON hirsi; OHG hirsi)
 * *samiþō - f - "rush, reed" (OHG semida)
 * *smelhw- - "hair-grass"
 * *smelhwō - f - "hair-grass" (OHG smelha)
 * *smilhwiją - n - "hair-grass" (NO smyle, (dial.) smile/smele) (collective)
 * *smelwō (< *smelkʷéh₂) - f - "hair-grass" (MHG smelwe'')
 * *smilwiją - n - "hair-grass" (NO (dial.) smelve, smylve) (collective)
 * *terwǭ (or *tarwijǭ?) - f - "tare" (ME tare; MD tarwe/terwe)

Herbs (*Wurtīz)

 * *dukkǭ - f - "dock" (ON *docca > ODa -docce; OE docce; OS dokka; OHG tocka)
 * *hwannō - f - "angelica" (ON hvǫnn)
 * *klitǭ - f - "colt's foot" (OE clite)
 * *krasjǭ - f - "cress, watercress" (OE cresse/cærse/cerse;

Leaves (*Laubō)

 * *baraz (obl. *bariz-) - n - "awn" > "barley" (GO barizeins; ON barr; OE bere
 * *barzą - m - "awn" (> "pine needle")
 * *feþlą - n - "leaf, petal" (OHG fedelgold)
 * *halmaz - m - "blade of grass" (ON halmr; OE healm; OS halm; OHG halm)
 * *laubą - n - "leaf" (GO lauf; ON lauf; OE lēaf; OF lāf; OS lōf; OHG loub
 * *laukaz - m - "leek, onion" (ON laukr; OE lēac; OHG louh)

Miscellaneous (*Miskanō)

 * *ah- - "chaff, awn"
 * *ahanō/*aganō - f - "chaff" (GO ahana; OS agana; OHG agana)
 * *ahulaz (obl. *agila-) - m - "awn" (OE egl; OHG ahil)
 * *ahunō (obl. *aginō-) - f - "chaff, awn" (ON ǫgn; OE eġenu)
 * *anhulaz - m - "shoot"
 * *aiglaz - m - "shoot; seed, sprout" (SW (dial.) egel/äjel)
 * *bastaz - m - "bast" (ON bast; OE bæst; OHG bast)
 * *berk- - "birch > bark"
 * *barką - n - "bark" > "tanning material" (FA bark; NO bark'')
 * '*barkuz - m - "bark" (ON bǫrkr)
 * *burkō - f - "bark" (MLG borke)
 * *buskaz - m - "bush, shrub" (ON *buskr > NO busk; ME bush; MLG busch; OHG busc'')
 * *farnaz - m - "fern"
 * *farniþją - n - "fern bush" (collective)
 * *hagrô - m - "bromus" (NO (dial.) hagre; OSw hagri; DA hejre)
 * *hagrǭ - f - "bromus; kind of thyme?" (IC -hagra)
 * *hrīsą - n - "brushwood" (ON hrís; OE hrīs; MD rijs; OHG rīs/hrīs)
 * *kafą - n - "chaff" (OE ceaf; MLG kaf; MD caf; OHG kaf)
 * *wrōts - f - "root" (ON rót (pl. rœtr); OSw rōt)

Seeds (*Sēdīz)

 * *arwīts (obl. (or pl.?) *arwait-) - f - "pea" (ON ertr (pl); OHG arawīz/araweiz)
 * *baunō - f - "bean"
 * *habrô - m - "oats" (ON hafri; OS haboro; OHG habaro/haparo)
 * *kern-
 * *kernô - m - "corn, grain" (ON kjarni; OS kerno; MD kerne/keerne; OHG kerno)
 * *kurną - n - "corn, wheat" (GO kaurn; ON korn; OE corn; OS korn; OHG korn)
 * *kurnô - n - "corn, grain" (GO kaurno; NO (dial.) korna)

Trees and woody plants(*Trewō jahw widugôz urtīz)

 * *ahraz - m - "maple"
 * *ahurnaz - m - "maple"
 * *aiks - f - "oak"
 * *aikiþją - n - "oak forest (collective)"
 * *ainijaz - m - "juniper" (ON einir)
 * *aluzaz (obl. *alisa-) - m - "alder" (ON ǫlr; OE alor/aler; )
 * *alisô - m - "alder" (MD else)
 * *aliziþją - n - "alderbushes" (collective)
 * *alizją - n - "alder" (ON elri)
 * *alizō/*alisō - f - "alder" (GO *alisa > SPA aliso; OS elira/elis-; OHG elira/erila)
 * *alustrą - n - "alder-bush, alder-tree" (ON ǫlstr)
 * *apaldraz - m - "apple tree" (tree suffix)
 * *askaz - m - "ash"
 * *aspō - f - "aspen"
 * *berkō - f - "birch"
 * *birkijǭ - f - "birch"
 * *birkiþją - n - "birch forest (collective)"
 * *bōkō - f -" beech"
 * *bōkijǭ - f - "beech"
 * *bruskaz - m - "brush, shrub"
 * *dannǭ - f - "fir" (OHG danna)
 * *dannijǭ - f - "fir" (OS dennia)
 * *elmaz/*almaz - m - "elm" (ON almr; OE elm; OHG elm) (ablauting? or separate collective?)
 * *el- - "willow" < *h₁el-
 * *elus- (obl. *ilis-) - f - "(laurel) willow" - cf. PS *elьxa ("alder")
 * *elustrō - f - "(laurel) willow" (ON jǫlstr)
 * *ilistriją - n - "(laurel) willow" (ON ilstri)
 * *felwō - f - "willow"
 * *ferhwaz - m - "oak"
 * *furhwǭ - f - "fir"
 * *furhwijǭ - f - "pine"
 * *feuhtō - f - "spruce, fir"
 * *fiuhtijǭ - f - "spruce"
 * *haslaz - m - "hazel" (ON hasl; OE haesel; MD hasel; OHG hasal)
 * *haslǭ - f - "hazel" (OHG hasala)
 * *hulandraz - m - "elder" (tree suffix)
 * *hulþiją - n - "elder (forest)"
 * *īwaz - m - "yew"
 * *īwiþją - n - "yew trees, yew forest (collective)"
 * *kizną - n - "pine tree"
 * *lindō - f - "lime tree" (ON lind; OE lind; OS linda; OHG linta)
 * *mapuldraz - m - "maple tree" (tree suffix)
 * *mataldraz/*mataldro- - m/f - "field maple" (tree suffix)
 * *salihǭ - f - "sallow; willow"
 * *tirwiją - n - "pinewood"
 * *þallō - f - "fir-tree"
 * *þullaz - m - "fir-tree"