User:Burgundaz/List of Germanic verbal roots

Roots are listed in the full grade with original or reconstructed root stress, ie. *smeuh/g-, where the -g- spread from derived forms, the -h- should be considered original. Even if the full grade is unattested directly as a verb, it will be listed as best it can be reconstructed.

Formations in parentheses are to be considered pre-Germanic only, not every Germanic root can be traced back to Indo-European.

The symbol "†" is used to mark roots that obviously existed, but show no direct continuation as a strong/primary verb. Eg. *fer-, where **feraną is completely unattested, it shows many direct derivations: *furdiz, *fēriz, and probably *fērą, *fērō, and indirectly*ferrai.

The symbol "x" is used to mark roots that are expected to have existed based on comparative evidence, eg. **hinh- based on the fact that derived *hanh- is in the o-grade.

Derived roots are listed below those considered primary.

List

 * *ag- (*h₂egʰ-)
 * *aih- (*h₂eyk-)
 * *ak- (*h₂eǵ-)
 * *ak- (*h₂/₃eǵ-)
 * *al- (*h₂el-)
 * *an- (*h₂enh₁-)
 * *ar- (*h₂erh₃-)
 * *aud- (*Hewdʰ- or *Howdʰ-)
 * *auk- (*h₂ewg-)
 * *aus- (*h₂ews-)
 * *ber- (*bʰer-)
 * *berg- (*bʰergʰ-)
 * *beud- (*bʰewdʰ-)
 * *beug- (*bʰewgʰ-)
 * *bīd- (*bʰeydʰ-)
 * *bind- (*bʰendʰ-)
 * *bīt- (*bʰeyd-)
 * *blē- (*bʰleh₁-)
 * *blō- (*bʰleh₃-)
 * *bō- (*bʰeh₂-) †
 * *bring- (mechanically requires *bʰrengʰ-)
 * *deb- x
 * *dab- (*dʰobʰ-)
 * *delb- (*dʰelbʰ-)
 * *ders- (*dʰers-)
 * *dreub/p- (*dʰrewbʰ-)
 * *drīb- (*dʰreybʰ-)
 * *drink- (*dʰreng-)
 * *et- (*h₁ed-)
 * *feht- (*peḱt-)
 * *fel- (*pel-) †
 * *falþ- (*pol-t-)
 * *fer- (*per-) †
 * *far- (*por-)
 * *finþ- (*pent-)
 * *fleuh/g- (*plewk-)
 * *fleut- (*plewd-)
 * *fōh- x
 * *fah- (*ph̥₂ḱ-) †
 * *fōþ- x
 * *faþ- (*ph̥₂-t-) †
 * *freh- (*preḱ-)
 * *frek- (*preg-) †
 * *freus- (*prews-)
 * *ging- x
 * *gang- (''*ǵʰongʰ-)
 * *ga- (*gʰeh₂-)
 * *gerd- (*gʰerdʰ-)
 * *glē- †
 * *glō- (*gʰloh₁-)
 * *hinh- x
 * *hanh- (*ḱonk-)
 * *hlef- (*klep-)
 * *kwem- (*gʷem-)
 * *kweþ- (*gʷet-)
 * *leg- (*legʰ-)
 * *lag- (*logʰ-)
 * *mag- (*mogʰ-)
 * *nem- (*nem-) (sometimes taken to be *ko(n<m)-em-)
 * *rēd- (*Hreh₁dʰ-)
 * *rek- (*h₃reǵ-)
 * *reud- (*h₁rewdʰ-)
 * *reud- (*Hrewdʰ-)
 * *reuf- (*Hrewp-)
 * *reut- (*Hrewd-)
 * *rīd- (*Hreydʰ-)
 * *rīf/p- (*h₁reyp-)
 * *rīs- (*Hreys-)
 * *sehw- (*sekʷ-)
 * *set- (*sed-)
 * *singw- (''*sengʷʰ-}}
 * *smeuh/g- (*smewk-)
 * *sta- (*steh₂-)
 * *stand- (*sth₂énti/*sth₂ń̥t)
 * *stel- (*tsel-)
 * *tehw- (*dekʷ-) †
 * *þers- (*ters-)
 * *þink- (*teng-) x
 * *þleuh- (*tlewk-)
 * *werþ- (*wert-)
 * *wes- (*wes-)
 * *wīt- (*weyd-) †
 * *wlīt- (*wleyd-)