User:Chuterix/Proto-Japonic

Proto-Japonic
See About Proto-Japonic.

Old Japanese
Old Japanese is the oldest attested stage of Japanese. Written both phonetically and logographically; many Old Japanese sources are from poems, but various glosses are scattered through Japanese history records. Important sources are:
 * , 712
 * , 8th century
 * , 720
 * , 753
 * , c. 759
 * , 8th century
 * , 6th-8th century?

An example of phonetic poem:

Another one, mixed phonetically and logographically:

In  vowel distinction 1 & 2 exist for po and mo, but lost in all other Old Japanese texts.

Po (po2) vs pwo (po1) manyogana for poems.

According to Bentley (2015):

- po2

- po1

- po1

But for, this is erroneously spelled as 本斯 (po1si). According to Vovin (2010), a section of Shoki preserve A/B distinction of po. According to Vovin (2011) Shoki had more phonetic accuracy (see shiri etymology). Meanwhile analysis of Kojiki shows that manyogana syllables are constant.

For, this is only attested in Manyoshu, where A/B distinction is lost. 2 phonetic spellings out of 5 exist. We could separate poka into po-ka ("other place") to resolve Arisaka's law. Hypothetical *po(1)ka could get raised to *puka, but it's more problem that this is unattested in EOJ, and that this can be separatable into 2 morphemes. We see Northern Ryukyuan, , , , Southern Ryukyuan , , and ; definitely Proto-Japonic with Proto-Ryukyuan, being PR , and either PJ or.

Internal Etymologies

 * : Likely by some analogy with.


 * : From + . Compare . Compare also.
 * : Either from, or from + . However the compound derivation would produce Modern Japanese *uruhashii instead of real descendant . Compare.
 * < PJ : Likely referred to an empty space, by many means. If so, from Pre-Proto-Japonic *saura, analyzable as a compound + . PJ diphthong *au results in OJ o1. See also.
 * , < PJ : Clearly cognates of each other (KDJ). Possibly from some fossilized  of at least a cognate, which usually follows . Analyses do not relate to Modern Japanese ; see that entry for details.
 * : PJ *ia corresponds to OJ e1; many verb pairs have *-aru/-asu or *-əru/-əsu. So this is reconstructable as PJ . Could this be related to, from the way some sea creatures return to their shells for hiding?

Plans
See User:Chuterix/To Do.

Templates

 * TemplatePJ - a Proto-Japonic template.
 * TemplatePR - a Proto-Ryukyuan template.
 * TemplateGR - a Goguryeo template.
 * TemplateOJPh - an Old Japanese phonographic template.