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Mandarin 药材
((zh~forms|药材|藥材}}

Noun
((cmn~noun|s|pin=yàocái|pint=yao4cai2|tra=藥材|sim=药材|rs=艸06}}


 * 1) Medicinal materials or materia medica in traditional Chinese medicine. This includes herbs, minerals and other materials that are not plant-based. Most medicinal materials are dried herbs. Some medicinal materials have been "prepared" in a number of ways, including being fried in honey, salt, alcohol or vinegar. Other common methods of "preparation" include calcination, carbonization, and fermentation.

Synonyms

 * 药物 (yàowù)
 * 中药 (zhōngyào)

Hyponyms

 * Tonics (补益药)
 * Superfices-syndrome relieving medicinal materials (解表药)
 * Heat-clearing medicinal materials (清热药)
 * Cathartics (泻下药)
 * Interior-warming medicinal materials (温里药)
 * Dampness-eliminating medicinal materials (利湿药)
 * Aromatic dampness-dispersing medicinal materials (芳香化湿药)
 * Qi-activating medicinal materials (行气药)
 * Resuscitative medicinal materials (开窍药)
 * Wind-eliminating medicinal materials (祛风药)
 * Blood-circulation activating and blood-stasis removing medicinal materials (活血祛瘀药)
 * Hemostatics (止血药)
 * Expectorants, anti-tussives, and anti-asthmatics (化痰止咳平喘药)
 * Liver-calming medicinal materials (平肝药)
 * Sedatives (安神药)
 * Astringents (固涩药)
 * Digestants (消导药)
 * Antimalarial medicinal materials (抗疟药)
 * Anthelmintics (驱虫药)
 * Medicinal materials for external application (外用药)

Mandarin 补益药
((zh~forms|补益药|補益藥}}

Noun
((cmn~noun|s|pin=bǔyìyào|pint=bu3yi4yao4|tra=補益藥|sim=补益药|rs=衣02}}


 * 1) Tonics. Materia medica in traditional Chinese medicine that are used to "tonify and benefit" the body.

Hyponyms
{ {rel-top|hyponyms}}

补气药 (herbs used to improve qi)


 * 灵芝, Ganoderma lucidum
 * 西洋参, Panax quinquefolium
 * 大枣, fruit of the Chinese date palm
 * 蜂蜜, honey
 * 黄芪, root of the Astragalus
 * 党参, root of the Codonopsis pilosula
 * 甘草, root of the Glycyrrhiza glabra
 * 白朮, 白术, rhizome of the Atractylodes macrocephala
 * 山药, rhizome of the Dioscorea
 * 人参, Panax ginseng
 * 三七, Panax Pseudoginseng
 * 黄蓍, root of the milk vetch

补阴药 (herbs used to improve yin)


 * 天门冬, root of the asparagus
 * 麦门冬, root of the Ophiopogon plant
 * 南沙参, root of the Adenophora
 * 北沙参, root of the Glehnia
 * 鱉甲, carapace of the Trionychidae
 * 龟板, plastron of the Testudinidae
 * 山茱萸, fruit of the Cornus
 * 女贞子, fruit of the Ligustri lucidi
 * 枸杞子, fruit of the Lycii
 * 石斛, Dendrobium plant
 * 墨旱莲, Eclipta plant
 * 黄精, rhizome of the Polygonatum plant
 * 玉竹, rhizome of the Polygonatum odoratum
 * 甜玉竹, root of the Polygonatum macropodium
 * 桑椹, fruit of the mulberry
 * 百合花, bulb of the lily
 * 黑芝麻, seed of the black sesame

补血药 (herbs used to improve blood)


 * 当归, root of the plant Angelica sinensis
 * 龙眼肉, flesh of the Longan fruit
 * 何首乌, root of the Polygonum multiflorum
 * 阿胶, glue from donkey hide
 * 白芍, root of the Paeonia
 * 熟地黄, prepared root of the Rehmannia plant

补阳药 (herbs used to improve yang)


 * 冬虫夏草, Cordyceps
 * 鹿角, deer antler
 * 鹿角胶, glue from deer antler
 * 鹿角霜, de-gelatinated deer antler
 * 鹿茸, velvet from deer antler
 * 杜仲,  bark of the Eucommia ulmoides 
 * 益智仁, fruit of the Alpinia
 * 补骨脂, fruit of the Psoralea
 * 肉苁蓉, Cistanche
 * 淫羊霍, 淫羊藿, Epimedium
 * 续断, root of the Dipsacus
 * 狗脊, rhizome of the Cibotium
 * 胡桃肉, 胡桃仁, seed of the Walnut
 * 蛤蚧, gecko
 * 菟丝子, seed of the Dodder
 * 仙茅, rhizome of the curculigo
 * 巴戟, root of the morinda
 * 紫河车, dried human placenta

Mandarin 解表药
((zh~forms| 解表药|解表藥}}

Noun
((cmn~noun|s|pin=jiěbiǎoyào|pint= jie3biao1yao4|tra=解表藥|sim= 解表药|rs=角06}}


 * 1) Superfices-syndrome relieving materia medica in traditional Chinese medicine. This term refticum]]''
 * 葱白, Chinese onion
 * 柽柳, Chinese tamarisk twig

发散风热 (herbs used to disperse wind-heat)


 * 薄荷, mint
 * 桑叶, leaf of the mulberry plant
 * 菊花, chrysanthemum flower
 * 牛蒡子, seed of the arctium
 * 柴胡, root of the bupleurum
 * 葛根, root of the pueraria
 * 葛花, flower of the pueraria
 * 蔓荆子, fruit of the chastetree
 * 浮萍, duckweed
 * 木贼, horsetail
 * 大豆黄卷, dried soya sprouts

Mandarin 清热药
((zh~forms|清热药|清熱藥}}

Noun
((cmn~noun|s|pin=qīngrèyào|pint= qing1re4yao4|tra=清熱藥|sim=清热药|rs=水08}}


 * 1) Heat-clearing materia medica in traditional Chinese medicine. This term refers to herbs and other medicinal substances that are used to relieve "heat" symptoms, such as sore throat and mouth ulcer.

Hyponyms
{ {rel-top|hyponyms}}

清熱瀉火 (herbs used to clear heat and purge fire)


 * 栀子, fruit of Gardenia
 * 石膏, Gypsum
 * 天花粉, root of Trichosanthes
 * 知母, rhizome of Anemarrhena
 * 芦根, rhizome of Phragmites
 * 决明子, seed of Cassia
 * 夏枯草, Prunella plant
 * 谷精草, pipewort
 * 青箱子, seed of the cockscomb
 * 淡竹叶, leaf of the bamboo
 * 寒水石, calcitum
 * 鸭跖草, dayflower

清热凉血 (herbs used to clear heat and cool blood)


 * 水牛角, horn of water buffalo
 * 犀角, horn of rhinoceros
 * 牡丹皮, root-bark of moutan Peony
 * 赤芍, root of red Peony
 * 生地黄, root of Rehmannia
 * 玄参, root of Scrophularia
 * 紫草, root of Arnebia or Lithospermum

清热燥湿 (herbs to clear heat and eliminate dampness)


 * 秦皮, bark of Fraxinus
 * 白鲜皮, bark of the baixian
 * 黄芩, root of Scutellaria
 * 黄莲, rhizome of Coptis
 * 黄柏, bark of Phellodendron
 * 龙胆草, root of Gentiana
 * 苦参, root of Sophora flavescentis
 * 椿皮, bark of the Heavenly tree

清熱解毒 (herbs used to clear heat and toxics)


 * 忍冬藤, stem of Lonicera Japonica
 * 金银花, flower of Lonicera Japonica
 * 大青叶, leaf of Isatis
 * 连翘, fruit of Forsythia
 * 穿心莲, Andrographis plant
 * 鱼腥草, Houttuynia plant
 * 败酱草, Patrinia plant
 * 马齿莧, Portulaca
 * 蒲公英, dandelion or Taraxaci
 * 紫花地丁, Viola philippica
 * 青黛, Indigo naturalis
 * 白头翁, root of the Pulsatilla
 * 射干, rhizome of the Belamcanda
 * 红藤, stem of the Sargentodoxa
 * 板蓝根, root of the Isatis
 * 山豆根, root of the Sophora tonkinensis
 * 土茯苓, wild tuckahoe
 * 北豆根, root of the Asiatic moonseed
 * 山慈菇, bulb of the pleione
 * 四季青 leaf of the Chinese holly
 * 地锦草, wolf grass
 * 金麦, rhizome of the wild buckwheat
 * 拳参, rhizome of the bistort
 * 蚤休, rhizome of the manyleaf Paris
 * 马勃, puff-ball
 * 马齿苋, purslane
 * 贯丛, rhizome of the filix
 * 墓回头, muhuitou
 * 漏芦, root of the globethistle
 * 绿豆衣, skin of the mung bean]]
 * 鸦胆子, fruit of the Java brucea

清虛熱 (herbs to clear deficiency heat)


 * 地骨皮, bark of the Lycii radicis
 * 青蒿, Artemisia annuae plant
 * 白薇, root of the Cynanchum atratum
 * 银柴胡, root of the Stellaria
 * 胡黄连, rhizome of the picrorhiza

Mandarin 泻下药
((zh~forms|泻下药|瀉下藥}}

Noun
((cmn~noun|s|pin=xièxiàyào|pint= xie4xia4yao4|tra=瀉下藥|sim=泻下药|rs=水05}}


 * 1) Cathartical materia medica in traditional Chinese medicine. This term refers to herbs and other medicinal substances that are used as purgatives or laxatives.

Hyponyms
{ {rel-top|hyponyms}}

攻下药 (purgatives for cartharsis)


 * 番泻叶, flower of the the Senna
 * 芒硝, natrii sulfas (a naturally occurring mineral)
 * 大黄, root and rhizome of the Rhei
 * 芦荟, aloe vera

润下药 (purgatives for laxation)
 * 大麻仁,火麻仁, seed of the hemp
 * 郁李仁, seed of the Prunus

峻下药 (purgatives for drastic hydragogue)
 * 牵牛子, seed of the Pharbitis
 * 芫花, flower of the Daphne genkwa
 * 甘遂, root of the Euphorbia kansui
 * 大戟, root of the Euphorbia pekinensis

Mandarin 温里药
((zh~forms|温里药|溫裏藥}}

Noun
((cmn~noun|s|pin= wēnlǐ yào|pint= wen1li3yao4|tra=溫裏藥|sim=温里药|rs=水09}}


 * 1) Interior-warming materia medica in traditional Chinese medicine. This term refers to herbs and other medicinal substances that are used to warm the interior organs (such as the lungs and stomach) of the body.

Hyponyms
{ {rel-top|hyponyms}}
 * 丁香, flower of the Eugenia caryophyllata
 * 吴茱萸, fruit of the Evodia
 * 肉桂, bark of the cinnamon
 * 小茴香, fruit of the Foeniculum
 * 细辛, Asarum plant
 * 花椒, pericarp of the Zanthoxylum
 * 川乌头, root of the Aconite
 * 草乌头, root of the Aconitum kusnezoffii
 * 高莨姜, rhizome of the Alpinia officinarum
 * 干姜, rhizome of the Zingiber
 * 附子, prepared root of the Aconitum lateralis

Mandarin 利湿药
((zh~forms|利湿药|利濕藥}}

Noun
((cmn~noun|s|pin= lìshīyào|pint= li4shi1yao4|tra=利濕藥|sim=利湿药|rs=刀05}}


 * 1) Dampness-eliminating materia medica in traditional Chinese medicine. It refers to herbs and other medicinal substances that are used to eliminate "dampness" in the body. Symptoms of "dampness" include water-retention in the limbs.

Hyponyms
{ {rel-top|hyponyms}}
 * 泽泻, rhizome of the Alismatis
 * 木通, stalk of the Akebia
 * 关木通, stem of the Manchurian aristolochia 
 * 石苇, leaf of the Pyrrosia
 * 茵陈蒿, Artemisia scoparia plant 
 * 金钱草, Lysimachia plant
 * 通草, pith or inner tissue of the Tetrapanax
 * 猪苓, Polyporus umbellatus
 * 萆薢, rhizome of the Dioscorea septemloba
 * 薏苡仁, seed of the Coicis or Coix lacryma-jobi
 * 车前子, seed of the Plantago
 * 滑石, talcum
 * 茯苓, poria
 * 海金砂, climbing fern

Mandarin 芳香化湿药
((zh~forms|芳香化湿药|芳香化濕藥}}

Noun
((cmn~noun|s|pin=fāngxiānghuàshīyào|pint= fang1xiang1hua4shi1|tra=芳香化濕藥|sim=芳香化湿药|rs=艸04}}


 * 1) Aromatic "dampness-dispersing" materia medica in traditional Chinese medicine. This term refers to herbs and other medicinal substances that are used to disperse "dampness" in the body.

Hyponyms
{ {rel-top|hyponyms}}
 * 厚朴, bark of the Magnolia officinalis
 * 砂仁, fruit of the Amomum villosum
 * 白豆蔻, fruit of the Amomum rotundus or white cardamom
 * 草果, fruit of the Tsaoko or black cardamom
 * 藿香, Agastache rugosa plant
 * 佩兰, Eupatorium plant
 * 苍术 or 苍朮, rhizome of the Atractylodis

Mandarin 行气药
((zh~forms|行气药 |行氣藥 }}

Noun
((cmn~noun|s|pin=xíngqì yào|pint= xing2qi4yao4|tra=行氣藥 |sim=行气药|rs=行00 }}


 * 1) Qi-activating materia medica in traditional Chinese medicine. This term refers to herbs and other medicinal substances that are used to activate or regulate the "qi" or energy in the body.

Hyponyms
{ {rel-top|hyponyms}}

理气药 (Qi regulators)


 * 薤白, bulb of the macrostem onion
 * 橘红, peel of red tangerine
 * 枳壳, fruit of the aurantium or trifoliate orange
 * 枳实, fructus aurantii immaturus
 * 佛手, fructus citri sarcodactylis
 * 川楝子, fructus toosendan
 * 沉香, lignum aquilariae resinatum
 * 青皮, pericarpium citri reticulatae viride
 * 木香, radix aucklandiae
 * 乌药, radix linderae
 * 延胡索, rhizoma corydalis
 * 香附, rhizoma cyperi
 * 橘皮, pericarpium citri reticulatae
 * 明矾, (for external and internal use), alumen
 * 陈皮, peel of the tangerine peel
 * 香橼, citron
 * 檀香, sandalwood
 * 玫瑰花, flower of the rose