User:Rex Aurorum/Indonesian

Pronounciation patterns/rules

 * Consonants(1): c /t͡ʃ/, [t͡ʃ]; f /f/, [f], h /h/, [h], j /d͡ʒ/, [d͡ʒ]; l /l/, [l]; m /m/, [m]; n /n/, [n]; p /p/, [p]; q /k/, [k]; r /r/, [r]; s /s/, [s]; t /t/, [t], v /f/, [f]; w /w/, [w]; y	/j/, [j]; z /z/, [z]
 * Consonants(2): x /s/, [s] or /ks/, [ks]
 * Consonants(3): b /b/, [b]; d /d/, [d]; g /ɡ/, [ɡ]; k /k/, [k]
 * Unrealeased stop: b [p̚], d [t̚], g [k̚], k [k̚], p [p̚], q [k̚], t [t̚]
 * Final-obstruent devocing: b /p/, d /t/, g /k/
 * Consonants(4): k /k/, /ʔ/
 * Digraph: kh /x/, [x]; ng	/ŋ/, [ŋ]; ny /ɲ/, [ɲ]; sy /ʃ/, [ʃ]
 * Diphtongs: ai	/ai̯/, [ai̯]; au	/au̯/ [au̯]; ei /ei̯/, [ei̯]; oi /oi̯/, [oi̯]
 * Vowels(1): a	/a/, [a]
 * Vowels(2): i	/i/, [i] - /ɪ/, [ɪ]; o	/o/, [o] - /ɔ/, [ɔ]; /u/, [u] - /ʊ/, [ʊ]
 * Vowels(3): e /ə/, [ə] - /e/, [e] - /ɛ/, [ɛ]

syllabification pattern

 * C= C1 & C2 & C3
 * C1= Consonants: (1) b, d, f, g, h, j, k, l, m, n, p, r, s, t, z (2) c, w
 * C2= Digraph: kh, ng, ny, sy
 * C3= Clusters : (1) bl, dl, fl, gl, jl, kl, pl, sl, (2) br, cr, dr, fr, gr, jr, kr, nr, pr, sr, tr (3) ps; (4) kw, sw (5) sk, sm, sn, sp (6) skr, spr, str (7) skl (8) by, dy, gy, sy
 * V= V1 & V2
 * V1= Vowels
 * V2= Diphtongs


 * C1V1.V1C1 (VV: aa, ai, ao, au, ua, ue, ui, uu, ia, ii, io, iu, oa, oi, oo) (ex: sa.at)


 * C1V1.C1V1 (ex: da.ta)
 * C1V1.C1V1.C1V1C1 (ex: ma.sa.lah)
 * C1V1.C1V1.C1V1.C1V1C1 (ex: ke.mu.ra.han)
 * C1V1.C1V1.C1V1C2 (ex: se.ka.rang; ta.la.ngan)


 * C1V1.CV1C1
 * C1V1.C1V1C1 (ex: be.rat)
 * C1V1.C1V1C1.C1V2 (ex: se.lam.pai)
 * C1V1.C2V1C1 (ex: ja.ngan)
 * C1V1.C3V1C1 (ex: ma.tras)


 * C1V1C1.C1V1 (ex: den.da)
 * C1V1C1.C1V1.C1V1 (ex: sen.di.ri)


 * C1V1C1.C1V1C1 (ex: can.tik)
 * C1V1C2.C1V1C1 (C2C: syd, syr, ngg, ngk, ngs) (ex: tang.kas)
 * C1V1C2.C1V1.C1V1C1 (ex: tang.ka.pan)
 * C1V1C2.C1V2 (ex: tang.kai)


 * C2V1C1 (ex: khas)
 * C2V1C1.C1V1C1 (ex: khid.mat)
 * C2V1.C1V1C1 (ex: khu.sus)
 * C2V1.C1V1.C1V1C1 (ex: kha.la.yak)
 * C2V1.C2V1C1 (ex: khu.syuk)


 * C3V1.C1V1.C1V1C1 (ex: kra.si.kan)
 * C3V1C1.C1V1C1 (ex: stan.dar)


 * V1.C1V1C1 (ex: a.yam)
 * V1C2.C1V1.C1V1C1 (ex: ikh.ti.sar)
 * V1C2.C1V1C1 (ex: ikh.las)


 * V1.C1V1C2 (ex: a.dang)
 * V1.C1V1C2.C1V1C1 (ex: a.lang.kah)


 * V1.C1V1.C1V1.C1V1 (ex: a.be.ra.si)


 * V1.C2V1C1 (ex: a.khir)


 * V1.C2V1.C1V1C1 (ex: a.nya.man)


 * V1C1.C1V1 (ex: an.da)
 * V1C1.C1V1.C1V1C1 (ex: un.da.kan)
 * V1C1.C1V1C1 (ex: in.dah)
 * V1C1.C1V1C2 (ex: an.jang)


 * V1C1.C1V3 (ex: an.dai)

Ref
Fauziah, Lita Rizki. (2015). Language Interference of Batak Angkola-Mandailing Language to Indonesian: A Case Study. Passage, 3(2), 64-76.

Ismail, Abdul Kadir. Machmoed, Hamzah A. Usman, Moses. (2018). Interference Of Malay Manado Language Toward Indonesian Language By Students’ Speech In Gorontalo State University. Al-Lisan 3(1):1-15. DOI:10.30603/al.v3i1.367

Jaya. (2018). Phonological Interference Of Buginese Into Indonesian By Buginese Speakers In Tolitoli Central Sulawesi (A study of transformational-generative phonology). (Master Thesis, Faculty of Humanities, Diponegoro University, Semarang, Indonesia). Retrieved from http://eprints.undip.ac.id/62740/

Li, Huili. Baryadi, I. Praptomo. Wijana, I Dewa Putu. (2019). Sound Pattern Of Indonesian Plosives. Linguistik Indonesia, 37(1). DOI:10.26499/li.v37i1.84

Wulandari, Dea Rakhimafa. Nugraheni, Aninditya Sri. (2019). Variation Phonology Of Indonesian Language In Minangkabau Speakers. International Journal Of Scientific & Technology Research, 8(12).

prefix

 * Such initial consonant losses are known as kaidah KPST "KPST rule", and those beginning in consonant clusters can be optionally undeleted ( →, ; → , ,  → , ). Note that the medial consonant clusters -mr-, -ngr- , -nyt-  is somewhat unusual, but the first forms are usually less common than second ones.
 * Such initial consonant losses are known as kaidah KPST "KPST rule", and those beginning in consonant clusters can be optionally undeleted ( →, ; → , ,  → , ). Note that the medial consonant clusters -mr-, -ngr- , -nyt-  is somewhat unusual, but the first forms are usually less common than second ones.
 * Such initial consonant losses are known as kaidah KPST "KPST rule", and those beginning in consonant clusters can be optionally undeleted ( →, ; → , ,  → , ). Note that the medial consonant clusters -mr-, -ngr- , -nyt-  is somewhat unusual, but the first forms are usually less common than second ones.
 * Such initial consonant losses are known as kaidah KPST "KPST rule", and those beginning in consonant clusters can be optionally undeleted ( →, ; → , ,  → , ). Note that the medial consonant clusters -mr-, -ngr- , -nyt-  is somewhat unusual, but the first forms are usually less common than second ones.
 * Such initial consonant losses are known as kaidah KPST "KPST rule", and those beginning in consonant clusters can be optionally undeleted ( →, ; → , ,  → , ). Note that the medial consonant clusters -mr-, -ngr- , -nyt-  is somewhat unusual, but the first forms are usually less common than second ones.
 * Such initial consonant losses are known as kaidah KPST "KPST rule", and those beginning in consonant clusters can be optionally undeleted ( →, ; → , ,  → , ). Note that the medial consonant clusters -mr-, -ngr- , -nyt-  is somewhat unusual, but the first forms are usually less common than second ones.
 * Such initial consonant losses are known as kaidah KPST "KPST rule", and those beginning in consonant clusters can be optionally undeleted ( →, ; → , ,  → , ). Note that the medial consonant clusters -mr-, -ngr- , -nyt-  is somewhat unusual, but the first forms are usually less common than second ones.
 * Such initial consonant losses are known as kaidah KPST "KPST rule", and those beginning in consonant clusters can be optionally undeleted ( →, ; → , ,  → , ). Note that the medial consonant clusters -mr-, -ngr- , -nyt-  is somewhat unusual, but the first forms are usually less common than second ones.