User:Sgconlaw/templates

The ATLANTIC Monthly; The ATLANTIC

 * Editors: Edward Augustus Weeks, 1938–1966; William Whitworth (1980–1999); (2016–present)
 * Editors: Edward Augustus Weeks, 1938–1966; William Whitworth (1980–1999); (2016–present)
 * Editors: Edward Augustus Weeks, 1938–1966; William Whitworth (1980–1999); (2016–present)
 * Editors: Edward Augustus Weeks, 1938–1966; William Whitworth (1980–1999); (2016–present)
 * Editors: Edward Augustus Weeks, 1938–1966; William Whitworth (1980–1999); (2016–present)

The BOSTON Medical and Surgical Journal

 * Now renamed The New England Journal of Medicine.
 * Now renamed The New England Journal of Medicine.

The DAILY Telegraph


Editors: (2009–2013);  (2013–2014); Chris Evans (2014–present).



The DARTMOUTH


Current version is published by Dartmouth Inc. (OCLC 137343078).

ESQUIRE
Editors: (1961–1973).

The GUARDIAN


Editors: (1975–1995),  (1995–2015), Katharine Viner (2015– ).

JOURNAL of the Chemistry Society


Main journal: ISSN: 2050-5574; OCLC: 880294312

LIFE


Editors: Henry Luce (1936–1964), George P. Hunt (1965–?)

The MAGAZINE of Natural History


Subsequently the Journal of Natural History.

The METROPOLITAN Magazine

 * The month and issue number are printed at the bottom of the first page of each issue, without any masthead.
 * The month and issue number are printed at the bottom of the first page of each issue, without any masthead.

The MUSEUM


Note: Only three volumes published, all available from the HathiTrust Digital Library. The years of publication are not clearly indicated. Vol I (29 March – 13 September) indicated on title page as published 1746, Vol II (27 September – 14 March) also as 1746 (but some issues clearly relate to 1747), Vol III (28 March – 12 September) as 1747.

The NEW Republic

 * Editors: Peter Beinart (1999–2006); (2021–present).
 * Editors: Peter Beinart (1999–2006); (2021–present).

The NEW York Review of Books


Editors: Robert B[enjamin] Silvers and (1963 – 16 June 2006); Robert B[enjamin] Silvers (17 June 2006 – 20 March 2017);  (September 2017 – September 2018); Gabriel Winslow-Yost and  (February 2019 – February 2021);  (February 2021 – present).

The RAILWAY Magazine

 * Published  from 2010.
 * Published  from 2010.
 * Published  from 2010.

The REVIEW of Reviews

 * American edition

ROLLING Stone

 * Publisher 2017–present: w:Penske Media Corporation.
 * Publisher 2017–present: w:Penske Media Corporation.

The SYDNEY Morning Herald

 * Known as The Sun-Herald on Sundays. Available at Newspapers.com.
 * Known as The Sun-Herald on Sundays. Available at Newspapers.com.
 * Known as The Sun-Herald on Sundays. Available at Newspapers.com.

VANITY Fair

 * Editors: (1914–1936);  (1984–1992);  (1992–2017);  (2018–present).
 * Editors: (1914–1936);  (1984–1992);  (1992–2017);  (2018–present).
 * Editors: (1914–1936);  (1984–1992);  (1992–2017);  (2018–present).

Checking for the first letter of a word

 * volume    =

Checking for the last character of a string
Retrieving the numeric part of a page number which ends in an "A":

Converting folio to page numbers

 * folio number (recto) × 2 - 1 (+ offset, if any) = page number.
 * folio number (verso) × 2 (+ offset, if any) = page number.

See and.


 * section       =
 * sectionurl    = https://babel.hathitrust.org/cgi/pt?id=uiuc.5310857&view=1up&seq=

Documentation subpage:


 * 2 or folio, and verso – mandatory in some cases: the work is numbered by folios rather than page numbers. The folio number is indicated on the top right corner of each recto (right-hand) page. Use 2 or folio to indicate the folio number, and if quoting from a verso (left-hand) page specify 1 or yes; if verso is omitted, the template indicates that a recto (right-hand) page is quoted. If quoting a range of folios, for example, "folios 10, verso – 11, recto", note the following:
 * Use folio and verso to specify the folio at the start of the range, and folioend and versoend (if required) to specify the folio at the end of the range.
 * In addition, use folioref and versoref to indicate the page to be linked to (usually the page on which the Wiktionary entry appears). (If quoting a recto page, omit versoend and versoref.)
 * These parameters must be specified to have the template link to the online version of the work.

Converting folio numbers to PDF page numbers where each PDF page consists of two pages of the work
When a scan of a work numbered by folios has resulted in two leaves of the work appearing on one PDF page, like this (the number in parentheses is the offset between the folio number and the PDF page):

use the following formula:

See.

Converting column to page numbers
Let us assume that a work is numbered by columns instead of pages. The column numbers correspond to the PDF page numbers as follows (the number in parentheses is the offset between the column number and the PDF page):

Use the following formula:

The formula works as follows:


 * 1) Check if the column number is odd or even.
 * 2) If it is even, then divide the column number by two to determine its sequential position, then add 26 to the result.
 * 3) If it is odd, then add 1 to the column number first before dividing it by two, then add 26 to the result.

Converting page numbers to PDF page numbers where each PDF page consists of two pages of the work
A formula similar to that set out in the previous section may be used when a scan of a work has resulted in two pages of the work appearing on one PDF page, like this (the number in brackets is the offset between the page number and the PDF page):

Use the following formula:

In other words, for even page numbers, divide by 2 and add the offset; and for odd page numbers, add one, divide by two, and then add the offset.

See.

Converting page numbers to PDF page numbers where the work is only printed on one side of each leaf (e.g., on the versos)
n [10 is the offset]

See.

Converting Julian to Gregorian dates for quotation templates

 * year          =
 * year_published = 1700

To check if the date is before 3 September 1752 (Julian calendar), or on or after that date when the Gregorian calendar came into use:


 * year          =

Documentation subpage:


 * date, or (month and) year – if the date of the sermon quoted from is known, use date to specify it in the format  or  . The date will be converted from the Julian to the Gregorian calendar. If only the month and year, or year alone, of the sermon is known, use month and/or year to specify this information.
 * date – the date of the letter (or part of the letter) quoted from in the format  or  . As the letters were written when the civil or legal year stated on 25 March (Lady Day) each year, dates between 1 January and 24 March were written in the format "4 January 1710–1711". Indicate such a date as 4 January 1711. The date will be converted from the Julian to the Gregorian calendar.

Converting straight to curly quotation marks

 * – to fix italicization
 * – to fix italicization

Signature

 * url           =

[...]


 * section       =
 * sectionurl    =

Documentation subpage:


 * sig or signature, and verso – as the work is unpaginated and not divided into acts and scenes, sig or signature can be used to specify the signature number quoted from, which is indicated at the bottom centre of some pages. If quoting from a verso (left-hand) page specify 1 or yes; if verso is omitted, the template indicates that a recto (right-hand) page is quoted.
 * If a signature number is not indicated on a page, extrapolate it from the signature numbers before and after the page and enclose it in brackets using  and   For example, if the previous signature number is A3 and the next one is B, specify the missing signature number as &amp&#59;#91;A4&amp&#59;#93;.
 * If quoting a range of signatures, for example, "signatures A2, verso – A3, recto", use sig or signature, and verso, to specify the signature at the start of the range, and sigend or signatureend, and versoend, (if required) to specify the signature at the end of the range.
 * If this parameter is omitted, the template either links the URL of the online version of the work to the chapter name if one is specified, or displays it as a superscript link after the title of the work.
 * 1 or page – mandatory in some cases: use this parameter to specify the "page number" assigned by the Internet Archive to the URL of the webpage to be linked to. For example, if the URL is, specify 10. This parameter must be specified to have the template link to the online version of the work.

See and  (used in conjunction with act numbers).

Common quotation template boilerplate; text for quotation template documentation

 * volume     =


 * pageurl    = https://archive.org/details/dredtaleofgreatd0/mode/1up


 * passage    =
 * footer     =
 * brackets   =

Documentation subpage:


 * 1 or volume – mandatory: the volume number quoted from in uppercase Roman numerals, from I to III.
 * 2 or chapter – the name of the chapter quoted from.
 * 2, chapter, or title – mandatory: the name of the chapter or title quoted from. If quoting from a title indicated in the second column of the following table, give the parameter the value indicated in the first column:


 * As the above chapters are unpaginated, use 2 or page to specify the "page number" assigned by Google Books to the URL of the webpage to be linked to. For example, if the URL is, specify ???.


 * 1 or chapter, and/or chaptername – use 1 or chapter to specify the chapter number quoted from in uppercase Roman numerals, and/or chaptername to specify the name of the chapter.
 * 3 or page, or pages – mandatory in some cases: the page number(s) quoted from in Arabic or lowercase Roman numerals, as the case may be. If quoting a range of pages, note the following:
 * Separate the first and last page number of the range with an en dash, like this: 10–11 or x–xi.
 * You must also use pageref to indicate the page to be linked to (usually the page on which the Wiktionary entry appears).
 * This parameter must be specified to have the template link to the online version of the work.


 * column or columns – the column number(s) quoted from, either 1 or 2. If quoting from both columns, either omit this parameter or separate the column numbers with an en dash, like this: 1–2.
 * line or lines – the line number(s) quoted from. If quoting a range of numbers, separate the first and last numbers of the range with an en dash, like this: 10–11.
 * 4, text, or passage – the passage to be quoted.
 * footer – a comment on the passage quoted.
 * 5, t, or translation – a translation of the passage into contemporary English.
 * brackets – use on to surround a quotation with brackets. This indicates that the quotation either contains a mere mention of a term (for example, "some people find the word manoeuvre hard to spell") rather than an actual use of it (for example, "we need to manoeuvre carefully to avoid causing upset"), or does not provide an actual instance of a term but provides information about related terms.
 * termlang – by default, the template categorizes entries on which it is placed into Category:Middle English terms with quotations. To have the template categorize an entry into Category:English terms with quotations instead, specify en.

January

 * 1: Happy New Year from all of us at the English Wiktionary!
 * 5: Today is National Bird Day in the U.S.A., which is promoted by the Avian Welfare Coalition to encourage the leaving of birds in the wild and to improve the welfare of birds in captivity.
 * 6: In Western Christianity, today is Epiphany, which commemorates the visit of the Magi to the Christ child.
 * 24: Today is the International Day of Education, which is recognized by the United Nations to emphasize the importance of ensuring equitable and inclusive education at all levels so that people may acquire the knowledge and skills needed to participate fully in society and contribute towards sustainable development.
 * 25: Burns night is held on this date in celebration of the Scottish poet and lyricist Robert Burns (born on 25 January 1759), and usually involves Scottish foods and recitals of his poetry.
 * 26: Today is Australia Day, the national day of Australia.
 * 27: Today is International Holocaust Remembrance Day, which marks the Holocaust that occurred during World War II – the genocide perpetrated on Jews and other people by the Nazi regime and its collaborators.

February

 * 4: Today is World Cancer Day, which is recognized by the United Nations to raise awareness of cancer and to encourage its prevention, detection, and treatment.
 * 6: Today is Waitangi Day, the national day of New Zealand. It marks the anniversary of the initial signing of the Treaty of Waitangi, which is regarded as the founding document of the nation, on this day in 1840.
 * 10: Today is World Pulses Day, which is recognized by the United Nations to highlight the nutritional value of pulses and their contribution to sustainable food production and combating malnutrition.
 * 11:
 * Today is the International Day of Women and Girls in Science, which is recognized by the United Nations to highlight the critical role that women and girls play in science and technology communities.
 * Today is National Foundation Day in Japan, which marks the mythological foundation of Japan and the accession of its first emperor, Emperor Jimmu, on this day in 660
 * 12: The English biologist, geologist, and naturalist Charles Darwin, who is best known for his contributions towards the science of evolution, was born on this day in 1809.
 * 13: Today is World Radio Day, which is recognized by the United Nations to highlight the importance of radio for sharing information, promoting diversity of ideas, and reaching remote communities and vulnerable people, and its role in emergency communication during disasters. United Nations Radio was established on this day in 1946.
 * 14: Happy Valentine’s Day from all of us at the English Wiktionary!
 * 20: Today is the World Day of Social Justice, which is recognized by the United Nations to acknowledge the need to promote social justice, including efforts to tackle issues such as exclusion, gender equality, human rights, poverty, social protections, and unemployment.
 * 21: Today is International Mother Language Day, which is recognized by the United Nations to promote linguistic and cultural diversity and multilingualism.
 * 3rd Monday: Today, the third Monday of February in [year], is celebrated as Family Day in some parts of Canada.

March

 * 1:
 * Today is Saint David’s Day, the feast day of the patron saint of Wales.
 * Today is Zero Discrimination Day, which is recognized by the United Nations to promote equality before the law and non-discrimination.
 * 3:
 * Today is 雛祭り (Hina Matsuri, “Doll Festival”), also called Girls’ Day, during which families in Japan pray for their young daughters’ growth and future happiness.
 * Today is World Wildlife Day, which is recognized by the United Nations to celebrate and raise awareness of the world’s wild fauna and flora. The Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and Flora (CITES) was adopted on this day in 1973.
 * 4: Today is the World Engineering Day for Sustainable Development, which is recognized by UNESCO to highlight the importance of engineering in advancing sustainable development and mitigating the impact of climate change.
 * 8: Today is International Women’s Day, which is commemorated by the United Nations to recognize women’s achievements and to promote their rights and participation in economic and political spheres. March 8 was declared a holiday in Russia in 1917 after a huge demonstration on that date led by the Russian feminist and politician Alexandra Kollontai culminated in the Russian Revolution and to women gaining the right to vote.
 * 14: The German-born theoretical physicist Albert Einstein, known for developing the theory of relativity, was born on this day in 1879.
 * 17: Today is Saint Patrick’s Day, the feast day of the patron saint of Ireland.
 * Friday before the March equinox: Today, the Friday before the March equinox, is World Sleep Day in [year], an event organized by the World Sleep Society to highlight the benefits of healthy sleep and the burden of sleep problems, and to promote the prevention and management of sleep disorders.
 * 19–21: The March equinox, often regarded as the start of spring in the Northern Hemisphere, occurs on this day in 2020, according to UTC.
 * 19 March – 22 April: Today is Maundy Thursday in Western Christianity in 2019. It commemorates the maundy (foot-washing) which Jesus Christ performed on his disciples, and the Last Supper which they shared, the night before his crucifixion and death.
 * 20:
 * Today is the International Day of Happiness, which is recognized by the United Nations to highlight the need for a more inclusive approach to economic growth that promotes sustainable development and the eradication of poverty for the happiness and well-being of all peoples.
 * Today is World Oral Health Day, an annual event organized by the FDI World Dental Federation to raise awareness about oral health. The date was chosen to reflect that, among other things, healthy adults should have 32 teeth and 0 dental cavities.
 * Today is UN French Language Day, one of six such days established by UNESCO to celebrate multilingualism and cultural diversity and to promote the equal use of its working languages. The Organisation internationale de la Francophonie (International Organization of the French-speaking World) was founded on this day in 1970.
 * 20 March – 23 April: Today is Good Friday in Western Christianity in [year]. It commemorates the crucifixion and death of Jesus Christ, and foreshadows his resurrection on Easter Sunday.
 * 21:
 * Today is commemorated by the United Nations as the International Day of Forests to raise awareness of the importance of forests, and trees outside forests, for the benefit of current and future generations.
 * 22: Today is designated by the United Nations as World Water Day, which focuses on the importance of fresh water and the sustainable management of freshwater resources.
 * 22 March – 25 April: Today is Easter Sunday in Western Christianity in [year]. It celebrates the resurrection of Jesus Christ.
 * 23: Today is World Meteorological Day, which is recognized by the United Nations to highlight the contribution that national meteorological and hydrological services make to the safety and well-being of society. The World Meteorological Organization was established on this day in 1950.
 * 24: Today is the International Day for the Right to the Truth Concerning Gross Human Rights Violations and for the Dignity of Victims, or Right to Truth Day, which is recognized by the United Nations to honour the memory of victims of gross and systematic human rights violations, and to promote the right to truth and justice. It also commemorates people who protect human rights, and in particular Óscar Romero, the archbishop of San Salvador who spoke out against human rights violations in El Salvador and was murdered on this day in 1980.
 * 25: Today is Εορτασμός της Ελληνικής Επανάστασης του 1821, the Celebration of the Greek Revolution of 1821, which marks the start of the Greek War of Independence against the Ottoman Empire on this day in 1821, and is Greece’s Independence Day.
 * 30: Today is National Doctors’ Day in the United States, which recognizes the service rendered by physicians.
 * 31: Today is the International Transgender Day of Visibility, which was created by the American transgender activist Rachel Crandall in 2009 and aims to celebrate transgender people and their contributions to society, and to raise awareness of discrimination faced by them worldwide.

April

 * 1: To celebrate April Fools’ Day, we are featuring a series of [...]. Enjoy!
 * 7: Today is recognized by the United Nations as World Health Day to draw attention to global health issues. It marks the founding of the World Health Organization on this day in 1948.
 * 12: Today is the International Day of Human Space Flight, which is recognized by the United Nations to celebrate the start of the space era, to reaffirm space science and technology’s contributions towards achieving sustainable development goals, and to emphasize the need to maintain outer space for peaceful purposes. It commemorates the first human space flight by the Soviet cosmonaut Yuri Gagarin, which took place on this day in 1961.
 * 2nd Tuesday: The tongue-in-cheek International Be Kind to Lawyers Day created by Steve Hughes falls on this day in [year], the second Tuesday of April.
 * 15: Today, the anniversary of the day Italian Renaissance polymath Leonardo da Vinci was born in 1452, is declared by the International Association of Art to be World Art Day to celebrate the fine arts.
 * Saturday nearest to the first quarter moon between mid-April and mid-May: Today, the Saturday nearest the first quarter moon between mid-April and mid-May in [year], is the first of two Astronomy Days in the year.
 * 20: Today is UN Chinese Language Day, one of six such days established by UNESCO to celebrate multilingualism and cultural diversity and to promote the equal use of its working languages. It is around the time of Guyu in the Chinese calendar, during which the legendary figure Cangjie, who is said to have invented Chinese characters, is celebrated.
 * 21:
 * Rome is traditionally regarded as having been founded on this day around 750, when the rural Parilia festival was held.
 * Today is the anniversary of the First Battle of Panipat which took place in North India in 1526, and is regarded as the founding day of the Mughal Empire.
 * Today is World Creativity and Innovation Day, which is recognized by the United Nations to raise awareness about the importance of creativity and innovation in problem-solving to advance the UN’s Sustainable Development Goals.
 * 22: Today is Earth Day, a day for observing the need to protect the Earth.
 * 23:
 * Today is Saint George’s Day, the feast day of the patron saint of England.
 * Today is designated by UNESCO as World Book Day to promote reading, publishing, and copyright.
 * Today is UN English Language Day, one of six such days established by UNESCO to celebrate multilingualism and cultural diversity and to promote the equal use of its working languages. The date is the death anniversary, and traditionally celebrated as the birthdate, of the English playwright William Shakespeare (1564–1616), and is also Saint George’s Day, the feast day of the patron saint of England, and World Book Day which promotes reading, publishing, and copyright.
 * Today is UN Spanish Language Day, one of six such days established by UNESCO to celebrate multilingualism and cultural diversity and to promote the equal use of its working languages. The Spanish author Miguel de Cervantes is believed to have been buried on this day in 1616, having died the previous day.
 * 24: Today is the International Day of Multilateralism and Diplomacy for Peace, which is recognized by the United Nations to emphasize the importance of multilateralism and international co-operation to promote peace and security, development, and human rights.
 * 25: Today is ANZAC Day in Australia and New Zealand, which commemorates the contributions and sacrifices of those who have served in wars, conflicts, and peacekeeping operations.
 * 26: Today is World Intellectual Property Day, which is commemorated by the World Intellectual Property Organization (WIPO) to raise awareness about the impact of intellectual property in everyday life, and to celebrate creativity and the contributions of creators and innovators towards the development of societies. The WIPO Convention entered into force on this day in 1970.
 * 28: Today is the World Day for Safety and Health at Work, which is recognized by the United Nations to promote awareness about work-related accidents and diseases. In the United States, the Occupational Safety and Health Act came into effect on this day in 1970, and the Occupational Safety and Health Administration was formed on this day in 1971.
 * April–May (27th day of Nisan): יום השואה (Yom HaShoah) or Holocaust Remembrance Day, which is observed as Israel’s day of commemoration for the Jews who perished in the Holocaust and for the Jewish resistance in that period, begins today in [year] at sunset.

May

 * 1: Today is celebrated as International Workers’ Day or Labour Day in many countries to recognize the achievements and contributions of workers. The American Federation of Labor chose this date to commemorate a demonstration in support of workers striking for an eight-hour work day, which began on this day in 1886.
 * 3: Today is World Press Freedom Day, which is recognized by the United Nations to raise awareness of the importance of freedom of the press and remind governments of their duty to respect and uphold the right to freedom of expression. The Windhoek Declaration, a statement of press freedom principles by African newspaper journalists, was adopted on this day in 1991.
 * 4: May the Fourth—oops, the Force—be with you! Today is observed as Star Wars Day by fans of the franchise.
 * 5:
 * Today is Cinco de Mayo (“Fifth of May”), which commemorates the anniversary of Mexico’s victory over the Second French Empire at the Battle of Puebla on this day in 1862.
 * Today is World Portuguese Language Day. The ministers of culture of the Community of Portuguese Language Countries met for the first time on this date in 2005.
 * 1st Sunday: Today, the first Sunday of May in [year], is International Dawn Chorus Day, which was originally organized by the Urban Wildlife Trust (now the Wildlife Trust for Birmingham and the Black Country) to encourage people to listen to birdsong and engage in birdwatching. The British naturalist Chris Baines, one of the founders of the Trust, was born on Sunday, 4 May 1947.
 * 1st full week of May: This, the first full week in May [year], is promoted by American Humane as Be Kind to Animals Week.
 * 13: Today is celebrated by some people as World Cocktail Day. On this day in 1806, the American journalist Harry Croswell, the editor of the Balance and Columbian Repository, defined a cocktail in his newspaper as “a stimulating liquor, composed of spirits of any kind, sugar, water, and bitters”.
 * 2nd Saturday: Today, the second Saturday of May in [year], is the first of the two World Migratory Bird Days in the year. These days were established by the Secretariats of the Agreement on the Conservation of African-Eurasian Migratory Waterbirds and the Convention on the Conservation of Migratory Species of Wild Animals to highlight the importance of protecting migratory birds and their habitats.
 * 2nd Sunday: Today, the second Sunday of May in [year], is celebrated in many countries as Mother’s Day. Anna Jarvis first held a memorial ceremony at the Andrews Methodist Episcopal Church in Grafton, West Virginia, U.S.A. (now the International Mother’s Day Shrine) to honour her deceased mother and all mothers on Sunday, May 10, 1908.
 * 15: Today is the International Day of Families, which is recognized by the United Nations to promote awareness of issues relating to families and to increase knowledge of the demographic, economic, and social processes affecting families.
 * 16:
 * Today is the International Day of Light, which is recognized by the United Nations to emphasize the importance of light science and technology in sustainable development, and to celebrate the place of light in art, culture, and education. It marks the day in 1960 when the American engineer and physicist Theodore Maiman successfully fired the first laser.
 * Today is the International Day of Living Together in Peace, which is recognized by the United Nations to emphasize the importance of inclusion, solidarity, and understanding despite differences, and to promote reconciliation to help people live together in peace and sustainable development.
 * 17:
 * Today is Norwegian Constitution Day, which celebrates the signing of the Constitution of Norway in Eidsvoll on this day in 1814.
 * Today is World Telecommunication and Information Society Day, which is recognized by the United Nations to raise awareness of the benefits to society of the Internet and other information and communication technologies, and the need to bridge the digital divide. It commemorates the founding of the International Telecommunication Union on this day in 1865.
 * 20:
 * Today is European Maritime Day, which seeks to raise European citizens’ awareness of the seas and their importance.
 * Today is World Bee Day, which is recognized by the United Nations to emphasize the importance of bees and other pollinators, the threats they face and their contribution to sustainable development. Anton Janša, a pioneer of modern apiculture born in Carniola (now part of Slovenia), was baptized on this day in 1734.
 * 21: Today is the World Day for Cultural Diversity for Dialogue and Development or Diversity Day, which is recognized by the United Nations to highlight the value of cultural diversity and the need for people to live together in harmony.
 * 22: Today is the International Day for Biological Diversity or World Biodiversity Day, which is recognized by the United Nations to promote awareness of the importance of biodiversity. The Convention on Biological Diversity was adopted on this day in 1992.
 * 26: Today is Independence Day, the national day of Georgia.

June

 * 1: Today is the Global Day of Parents, which is recognized by the United Nations to honour the commitment of parents towards their children.
 * 2: Today is Festa della Repubblica or Republic Day, Italy’s national day.
 * 3: Today is World Bicycle Day, which is recognized by the United Nations to highlight the bicycle as a simple, affordable, and sustainable form of transport.
 * 5: Today is World Environment Day, which is recognized by the United Nations to promote worldwide awareness of the need and action to protect the environment. The United Nations Conference on the Human Environment in Stockholm, Sweden, began on this day in 1972.
 * 6: Today is UN Russian Language Day, one of six such days established by UNESCO to celebrate multilingualism and cultural diversity and to promote the equal use of its working languages. The Russian novelist and poet Alexander Pushkin, regarded as the father of modern Russian literature, was born on this day in 1799.
 * 7: Today is World Food Safety Day, which is recognized by the United Nations to raise awareness about and promote global food safety.
 * Thursday after Trinity Sunday: Today, the Thursday after Trinity Sunday in [year], is marked as the Feast of Corpus Christi by some churches to celebrate the presence of Jesus Christ in the elements of the Eucharist.
 * 8:
 * Today is National Insect Appreciation Day in Canada, which is organized by the Entomological Society of Canada to highlight the importance of insects.
 * Today is World Oceans Day, a day recognized by the United Nations to highlight the importance of conserving and protecting the world’s oceans. The Oceans Institute of Canada, supported by the Government of Canada, held an event called Oceans Day at the Global Forum, a parallel event at the Earth Summit in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, on that day in 1992.
 * 12: Today is День России or Russia Day, which commemorates the day in 1990 when the Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic declared itself to be a sovereign state.
 * 18:
 * Today is the International Day for Countering Hate Speech, which is marked by the United Nations for the first time in 2022 to oppose hate speech, discrimination, and xenophobia.
 * Today is designated as Sustainable Gastronomy Day by the United Nations to highlight the role that gastronomy can play in promoting sustainable development.
 * 19: Today is Juneteenth, which commemorates the end of slavery in the United States. On this day in 1865, Union Army General Gordon Granger read out General Order No. 3 in Galveston, Texas, stating that all previously enslaved people in Texas were now free.
 * 21: The Fête de la Musique (also known as World Music Day), which originated in France in 1982 and is now celebrated around the world, takes place today.
 * 3rd Sunday: Today, the third Sunday of June in [year], is celebrated in many countries as Father’s Day. The first commemoration took place on Sunday, June 19, 1910, during a church service in Spokane, Washington, U.S.A., at the encouragement of Sonora Smart Dodd who wished to honour her widowed father.
 * 25: Today is the Day of the Seafarer, which is observed by the International Maritime Organization and the United Nations to acknowledge the contributions made by seafarers to international seaborne trade, the world economy, and civil society. Parties to the International Convention on Standards of Training, Certification and Watchkeeping for Seafarers made major amendments to the convention and established the observance on this day in 2010.
 * Last week of June: Today is the start of Insect Week in the United Kingdom, which is organized annually by the Royal Entomological Society to highlight the importance of insects.
 * 28: On this day in 1969, members of the LGBT community refused to cooperate or go with police who raided the Stonewall Inn in New York City, beginning spontaneous, violent demonstrations now known as the Stonewall riots, a key moment in the fight for LGBT rights in the US.
 * 29: Today is the International Day of the Tropics, which is recognized by the United Nations to highlight the important role that countries in tropical areas of the world play in achieving the UN’s Sustainable Development Goals, and to raise awareness about the challenges faced by these areas. The first State of the Tropics Report by twelve tropical research institutions was launched on this day in 2014.

July

 * 1: Today is Canada Day or Fête du Canada, the national day of Canada which celebrates the anniversary of Canadian Confederation on this day in 1867.
 * 4: Today is celebrated as Independence Day in the United States.
 * 7: Today is the Independence Day of the Solomon Islands, which marks the anniversary of its independence from the United Kingdom on this day in 1978.
 * 11: Today is World Population Day, which is recognized by the United Nations to raise awareness of global population issues such as the importance of family planning, gender equality, human rights, maternal health, and poverty. Approximately on this day in 1987, the world’s population reached five billion people.
 * 14:
 * Today is Bastille Day, the national day of France which commemorates the storming of the Bastille—a key event in the French Revolution—that took place on this day in 1789, and celebrates the unity of the nation.
 * Today is International Non-binary People’s Day, which recognizes people who have a non-binary gender identity—one that is not exclusively female or male. The day was established by Katje van Loon in 2012, and was chosen for being midway between International Men’s Day and International Women’s Day.
 * 17: Today is the Day of International Criminal Justice, which was instituted in 2010 by the states parties to the Rome Statute of the International Criminal Court to recognize the importance of international criminal justice.
 * 28: World War I started on this day in 1914, when Austria-Hungary formally declared war on Serbia a month after Archduke Franz Ferdinand of Austria, the heir presumptive to the throne, and his wife Sophie, Duchess of Hohenberg, were assassinated by Gavrilo Princip in Sarajevo.
 * 31: Today is one of two National Mutt Days in the year in the USA established by the American animal welfare advocate Colleen Paige.

August

 * 2: The Government of India Act 1858 (21 & 22 Victoria, chapter 106) received royal assent on this day in 1858, ushering in the period of British rule in India known as the British Raj.
 * 9:
 * Today is the International Day of the World’s Indigenous Peoples, which is recognized by the United Nations to raise awareness and protect the rights of the world’s indigenous population, and to recognize their achievements and contributions to global issues such as environmental protection.
 * Today is Singapore’s National Day, which commemorates the nation’s independence in 1965.
 * 12: Today is International Youth Day, which is recognized by the United Nations to highlight issues faced by youth worldwide.
 * 15:
 * Today is India’s Independence Day, which commemorates the date when it ceased to be part of the British Empire in 1947.
 * Today is Ferragosto, a public holiday in Italy. The term derives from the 🇨🇬 (holidays of the Emperor Augustus), and is said to have been introduced by Augustus after his victory at the Battle of Actium in 31
 * 19: Today is World Humanitarian Day, which is recognized by the United Nations to emphasize the work of humanitarian personnel and those who have lost their lives working for humanitarian causes. It marks the day in 2003 when 22 members of the United Nations Assistance Mission in Iraq were killed in a suicide bombing.
 * 26: Today is National Dog Day in the USA, which was established by the American animal welfare advocate Colleen Paige.
 * 31:
 * Today is Hari Merdeka or the Independence Day of Malaysia. It commemorates the date in 1957 when Malaysia became independent of the British Empire.
 * Today is the Independence Day of Trinidad and Tobago.

September

 * 4: The Western Roman Empire is conventionally regarded as having fallen on this day in 476, when Odoacer deposed the 16-year-old Emperor Romulus Augustulus.
 * 5: Today is the International Day of Charity, which is recognized by the United Nations to emphasize the importance of charity and philanthropy. The Albanian-Indian Roman Catholic nun Mother Teresa, known for her charitable works in India, died on this day in 1997.
 * 1st Monday: Today, the first Monday of September in [year], is Labor Day in the United States, which honors the labor movement and the contributions of laborers to the nation’s development.
 * 8:
 * Today is recognized by UNESCO as International Literacy Day to highlight the importance of literacy to individuals, communities, and societies.
 * Today is Star Trek Day, which is observed by fans of the franchise to commemorate the debut of the original television series on this day in 1966.
 * 11: The September 11 attacks took place in the United States on this day in 2001.
 * 1st Sunday after Labor Day: Today, the first Sunday after Labor Day in [year], is National Grandparents’ Day in the United States.
 * 15: Today is the International Day of Democracy, which is recognized by the United Nations to promote and uphold the principles of democracy.
 * Saturday nearest to the first quarter moon between mid-September and mid-October: Today, the Saturday nearest the first quarter moon between mid-September and mid-October in [year], is the second of two Astronomy Days in the year.
 * 19: Today is International Talk Like a Pirate Day, a parodic holiday invented in 1995 by John Baur (‘Ol’ Chumbucket’) and Mark Summers (‘Cap’n Slappy’), of Albany, Oregon, USA.
 * 21:
 * Today is Jum l-Indipendenza or Independence Day in Malta, which celebrates the country’s independence from the United Kingdom on this day in 1964.
 * Today is designated by the United Nations as the International Day of Peace, which is dedicated to world peace.
 * 22 or 23: The September equinox, often regarded as the start of autumn in the Northern Hemisphere, occurs on this day in 2020, according to UTC.
 * 24: Today is Heritage Day in South Africa, which celebrates the diversity of the nation’s beliefs, culture, and traditions.
 * Last week: Banned Books Week, organized by the American Library Association to celebrate the freedom to read and to draw attention to banned and challenged books, is held in 2020 from September 27 to October 3.
 * Last Thursday: Today, the last Thursday of September in [year], is World Maritime Day, which is recognized by the United Nations to highlight the work of the International Maritime Organization and emphasize the importance of shipping and other maritime activities.
 * 27: Today is World Tourism Day, which is recognized by the United Nations to raise awareness about tourism’s role in the international community and to demonstrate how it affects cultural, political, social, and economic values worldwide.
 * 28: Today is the International Day for Universal Access to Information, which is recognized by the United Nations to emphasize the importance of public access to information.
 * 29: Today is World Heart Day, which was established by the World Heart Federation to highlight the fact that heart disease and stroke are the world’s leading causes of death, and the importance of heart health.
 * 30: Today is International Translation Day, which is marked by the United Nations to recognize the work of translators in facilitating understanding and co-operation, and bringing nations together. It is the feast day of Saint Jerome ( – 420), regarded as the patron saint of translators.

October

 * 1:
 * Today is the International Day of Older Persons, which is recognized by the United Nations to appreciate the contributions that older persons make to society, and to raise awareness of issues affecting them.
 * Today is the National Day of the People’s Republic of China.
 * 2: Today is Gandhi Jayanti, a national festival celebrated in India to mark the birthday of Mahatma Gandhi in 1869.
 * 3: Today is Tag der Deutschen Einheit (German Unity Day), which commemorates the anniversary of German Reunification in 1990.
 * 5: Today is World Teachers’ Day, which is recognized by the United Nations to highlight the rights and responsibilities of teachers around the world. It marks the adoption by states of the UNESCO/ILO Recommendation concerning the Status of Teachers on this day in 1966.
 * 1st Monday: Today, the first Monday of October in [year], is designated by the United Nations as World Habitat Day to encourage reflection on the state of towns and cities, and on people’s basic right to adequate shelter. It is also marked as World Architecture Day by the International Union of Architects.
 * 10: Today is World Mental Health Day, which is recognized by the United Nations to promote awareness about mental health and to advocate against the stigmatization of people experiencing mental health issues.
 * 11: Today is the International Day of the Girl Child, which is recognized by the United Nations to increase awareness of gender inequality faced by girls worldwide and to support greater opportunities for them.
 * 12: Today is the Fiesta Nacional de España, the national day of Spain.
 * 14: Today is Defenders Day in Ukraine, which was first celebrated in 2015 following the 2014 Ukrainian revolution to honour the defenders of the nation.
 * 2nd Thursday: Today, the second Thursday of October in [year], is World Sight Day, which is coordinated by the International Agency for the Prevention of Blindness and the World Health Organization to draw attention to blindness and vision impairment, and to emphasize the importance of eye care.
 * 2nd Saturday: Today, the second Saturday of October in [year], is the second of the two World Migratory Bird Days in the year. These days were established by the Secretariats of the Agreement on the Conservation of African-Eurasian Migratory Waterbirds and the Convention on the Conservation of Migratory Species of Wild Animals to highlight the importance of protecting migratory birds and their habitats.
 * 16:
 * Today is celebrated by some as National Dictionary Day in the United States. The American lexicographer Noah Webster was born on this day in 1758.
 * Today is recognized by the United Nations as World Food Day to highlight the importance of food security and good nutrition, and the need for action against hunger. The Food and Agriculture Organization was founded on this day in 1945.
 * 3rd Monday: Today, the third Monday in July in 2019, is 海の日 (Umi no Hi) or Marine Day in Japan, a public holiday for giving thanks for the ocean’s bounty and for recognizing its importance to Japan as an island nation.
 * 3rd Saturday:
 * Today, the third Saturday of October in [year], was established by the Archaeological Institute of America as International Archaeology Day to celebrate archaeology and its contributions to society.
 * Today, the third Saturday of October in [year], is celebrated as Sweetest Day in parts of the United States, a day to share romantic expressions, and acts of charity and kindness.
 * 23: Today is World Wilderness Day, which was established by the European Wilderness Society to promote appreciation and protection of wilderness areas.
 * 26: Today is the national day of Austria, which commemorates the enactment of the Declaration of Neutrality as part of the Constitution of Austria on this day in 1955.
 * 27: Today is the World Day for Audiovisual Heritage, which was established by UNESCO to raise awareness about the significance and preservation risks of recorded audio and audiovisual materials. It commemorates the adoption of the Recommendation for the Safeguarding and Preservation of Moving Images by UNESCO on this day in 1980.
 * 28: Today is Ohi Day (Anniversary of the “No”) in Greece, which marks the rejection by Ioannis Metaxas of Italian dictator Benito Mussolini’s ultimatum in 1940 during World War II to allow Axis forces to enter Greek territory.
 * 31:
 * Boo! Happy Halloween!
 * Today is Reformation Day on which, in 1517, German friar and theologian Martin Luther sparked off the Reformation by writing to Albert, the Archbishop of Mainz, to protest the sale of indulgences, attaching his Ninety-five Theses. According to Philip Melanchthon, on the same day Luther also nailed the Theses to the door of All Saints’ Church in Wittenberg. However, modern scholars argue that there is little foundation for the story.

November

 * 1: Today is All Saints’ Day in Western Christianity, which honours all the saints of the church.
 * 2: Today is All Souls’ Day in Western Christianity, a day of prayer and remembrance for the souls of those who have died.
 * 2–8: Today is Election Day for the 2020 United States presidential election.
 * 3: Culture Day (文化の日, Bunka no Hi) is observed in Japan on this day to promote culture, the arts, and academic endeavour. The post-war Japanese constitution was announced on this day in 1946.
 * 1st Friday: Today, the first Friday of November in [year], is Love Your Lawyer Day, which was established in 2001 by the American Lawyers Public Image Association.
 * 10: Today is the World Science Day for Peace and Development, which is recognized by the United Nations to highlight the important role of science in society.
 * 11:
 * Today is Armistice Day. The armistice that ended World War I was signed on this day in 1918.
 * Today, the date in 1918 when hostilities in World War I ceased, is observed as Remembrance Day in many countries to remember armed forces members who have died in the line of duty.
 * Today is Narodowe Święto Niepodległości or National Independence Day in Poland, which commemorates the restoration of the nation’s sovereignty following World War I on this day in 1918.
 * Today is Singles’ Day, a festival celebrating singlehood that originated from China in the 1990s. The 11th of November was chosen as the number 1 represents an individual who is alone.
 * 12: Tim Berners-Lee and Robert Cailliau published their formal proposal for the World Wide Web on this day in 1990.
 * 19:
 * Today is celebrated in some countries as International Men’s Day to promote positive male role models, recognize men’s contributions, and highlight issues relating to their health and wellbeing, among other things.
 * Today is designated by the United Nations as World Toilet Day to draw attention to inadequate sanitation facilities in countries around the world.
 * 20: Today is World Children’s Day, which is recognized by the United Nations to promote international togetherness and the importance of improving children’s welfare.
 * 21: Today is World Fisheries Day, which was established by the World Fisheries Forum to advocate sustainable fishing practices and policies.
 * 3rd Thursday: Today, the third Thursday of November in [year], is World Philosophy Day, which was first recognized by the United Nations in 2002 to emphasize the enduring value of philosophy for the development of human thought.
 * 22: For some Christian churches, today is the feast day of Saint Cecilia, the patron saint of musicians.
 * 4th Thursday: Happy Thanksgiving! Today, the fourth Thursday in November in [year], is Thanksgiving Day in the United States and some other countries.
 * Day after 4th Thursday: Today, the day after Thanksgiving, is celebrated as Native American Heritage Day in the United States.
 * 30: Today is Saint Andrew’s Day, Scotland’s national day.

December

 * 1: On this day in 1959, the Antarctic Treaty was signed. The day was declared by Our Spaces as Antarctica Day to build awareness about Antarctica and to emphasize the importance of nations co-operating peacefully through science to make decisions about places beyond the boundaries of sovereign states.
 * 2:
 * Today is one of two National Mutt Days in the year in the USA established by the American animal welfare advocate Colleen Paige.
 * Today is World Computer Literacy Day, which was launched by Indian company NIIT to encourage the development of computing skills, especially among women and children in India.
 * 3: Today is the International Day of Persons with Disabilities, which is recognized by the United Nations to promote an understanding of disability issues and mobilize support for the dignity, rights, and well-being of persons with disabilities.
 * 5:
 * Today is National Comfort Food Day in the United States, an informal holiday created by the American food blogger John-Bryan Hopkins.
 * Today is declared by the United Nations to be World Soil Day to recognize the importance of soil as a vital part of nature and a contributor to human well-being.
 * 10: Today is Human Rights Day, which is recognized by the United Nations to emphasize the importance of human rights and to commemorate the adoption of the Universal Declaration of Human Rights, the first global enunciation of such rights, on this day in 1948.
 * 11: Today is International Mountain Day, which is recognized by the United Nations to highlight the importance of sustainable mountain development.
 * 12:
 * Today is International Universal Health Coverage Day, which is recognized by the United Nations to emphasize that everybody should have access to good quality, affordable health care. On this day in 2012, the United Nations General Assembly endorsed a resolution encouraging countries to strive towards universal health coverage.
 * Happy birthday to us! Wiktionary went online on this day in 2002.
 * 13: Today is celebrated by some people in the United States as the National Day of the Horse, which recognizes the contribution of horses to the economy, history, and character of the country.
 * 15: Today is Koninkrijksdag (Kingdom Day), which commemorates the Charter for the Kingdom of the Netherlands.
 * 16: Today is the Day of Reconciliation in South Africa, which aims to foster reconciliation and national unity for the country.
 * 18:
 * Today is International Migrants Day, which was established by the United Nations to highlight the challenges faced and contributions made by migrants, including internally displaced persons. The Migrant Workers Convention was signed on this day in 1990.
 * Today is UN Arabic Language Day, one of six such days established by UNESCO to celebrate multilingualism and cultural diversity and to promote the equal use of its working languages.
 * 20–22: In the Northern Hemisphere, the winter solstice falls on this day in [year] according to UTC.
 * 24: Have yourself a merry little Christmas Eve!
 * 25: Merry Christmas from all of us at the English Wiktionary!
 * 26: Today is celebrated as Boxing Day in many countries. It was originally a day on which gifts and money were given to the poor or those in service positions.
 * 31: Happy New Year’s Eve from all of us at the English Wiktionary!