User:Sumiaz/Quechua Suffixes

Prioritization
-chi, -chka, -hina, -kama, -ku, -kuna, -man, -manta, -nchik, -ni, -p, -pa, -paq, -pas, -pi, -pti, -rqa, -rqa-n, -rqa-ni, -rqa-nki, -rqu, -s, -si, -spa, -sqa, -ta, -taq, -wa, -wan, -y, -cha, -chu, -lla, -mi, -n, -ni-n, -ni-y, -ni-yki, -nki, -nkichik, -nku, -pura, -ya, -yki, -ykichik, -yku, -yuq, (-chaw), -ña, (-naw), (-piq/-piqta/-pita), -qa, (-r), -mu, -naku, -napaq, -m, -mi, -q, -su, -na, -ni, -raq, -sun, -sunchik, -sunki, -naya, -nqa, -rayku, -saq, -wanchik, -wanki, -ch, (-mayi/-masi), -ychik, -wankiku, -wanku, -ykiku, -ntin, -pa, -paya, -sqayki, -sunkichik, -wanqa, -wanqaku, -ykichik, -llaña, -napas, -nqaku, -ri, -saykiku, -spam, -spapas, -spaqa, -sqaykiku, -stin, -ysi, -chá, -má, -ñataq, -nnaq, -sapa, -saykichik, -sqaykichik, -wankichik, -yá, -chun, -chunku, -mantapacha, -nacha, -nachu, -nka, -nta, -pu, -puni, -suptiyki, -wasun, -wasunchik, -ñiq, -chus, -karay, -kankaray, -llataq, (-manta hunt'a), (-naq), -kampu, -kamu, (-llapas), -mpu, -sina, (-tawan/-tawankama), (-qpi), (-qpillataq), (-qwanmi), (-spantin/-spawanmi), (-sqantin/-sqawan), -mari, -paku, -qarin, -raya, -ska, -chika, -chiki, -kis, -miki, -ñiraq, -paschu, -rikuq, -siki, -su, -ñiq

Directionality

 * -wa- (2/3→1)
 * -yki (1→2)
 * -su- (3→2)

Cases

 *  - Comparative


 *  - Terminative, Limitative
 * {| style="border: 0px;"


 * colspan = 2 |Punukama chayan.
 * Punu-kama||chaya-n
 * Puno -TERM ||arrive -3SG
 * colspan = 2 |"He arrives at Puno."
 * }
 * {| style="border: 0px;"
 * colspan = 2 |"He arrives at Puno."
 * }
 * {| style="border: 0px;"


 * colspan = 2 |K'uychichawkama suyasun.
 * k'uychichaw-kama||suya-sun
 * Saturday -TERM ||wait -1INPL.FUT
 * colspan = 2 |"We will wait until Saturday."
 * }
 * {| style="border: 0px;"
 * colspan = 2 |"We will wait until Saturday."
 * }
 * {| style="border: 0px;"


 * Kutimunaykama.
 * kuti-mu-na-y-kama
 * return -TLOC-FUT.P-1SG.POS-TERM
 * "Until my return."
 * }
 * {| style="border: 0px;"
 * "Until my return."
 * }
 * {| style="border: 0px;"


 * colspan = 2 |Qharikamam wawaykunaqa.
 * qhari-kama-m||wawa-y-kuna-qa
 * male -TERM-EVIDM ||child -1SG.POS-PL-TOP
 * colspan = 2 |"All of my children are male."
 * }
 * "up to, until"; marks the physical or temporal endpoint of an action[1]; "hasta"; expresses limits in time and space[2]; destinations and temporal endpoints[3]; "terminative"; the limit to which an action extends in terms of time, space, number[4]; "terminative"[5]; "hasta", "entre", "cada uno o todos", "y no más"[6]; terminative, distributive[7]; 終点; "...made", "...no aida", "minna ... bakari"[8]
 * colspan = 2 |"All of my children are male."
 * }
 * "up to, until"; marks the physical or temporal endpoint of an action[1]; "hasta"; expresses limits in time and space[2]; destinations and temporal endpoints[3]; "terminative"; the limit to which an action extends in terms of time, space, number[4]; "terminative"[5]; "hasta", "entre", "cada uno o todos", "y no más"[6]; terminative, distributive[7]; 終点; "...made", "...no aida", "minna ... bakari"[8]


 *  - Exclusive
 * Peripheral suffix: limitative[2]


 *  - Illative, Dative
 * {| style="border: 0px;"


 * colspan = 3 |Payman mikhunata apachkani.
 * pay-man||mikhu-na-ta||apa-chka-ni
 * 3SG -ILL ||eat -FUT.P-ACC ||carry -PROG-1SG
 * colspan = 3 |"I am taking food to him."
 * }
 * {| style="border: 0px;"
 * colspan = 3 |"I am taking food to him."
 * }
 * {| style="border: 0px;"


 * colspan = 2 |Llaqtaman richkani.
 * llaqta-man||ri-chka-ni
 * town -ILL ||go -PROG-1SG
 * colspan = 2 |"I am going towards the town."
 * }
 * {| style="border: 0px;"
 * colspan = 2 |"I am going towards the town."
 * }
 * {| style="border: 0px;"


 * colspan = 4 |Maymanmi kay ñan richkan?
 * may-man-mi||kay||ñan||ri-chka-n
 * where -ILL-EVIDM ||this||path||go -PROG-3SG
 * colspan = 4 |"Where does this path go?"
 * }
 * {| style="border: 0px;"
 * colspan = 4 |"Where does this path go?"
 * }
 * {| style="border: 0px;"


 * colspan = 2 |Wataman kutimusaq.
 * wata-man||kuti-mu-saq
 * year -ILL ||return -TLOC-1SG.FUT
 * colspan = 2 |"I will return in a year."
 * }
 * "towards, to"; marks direction of movement or the indirect object[1]
 * colspan = 2 |"I will return in a year."
 * }
 * "towards, to"; marks direction of movement or the indirect object[1]


 *  - Ablative
 * "from, about, made out of"; marks origin, precedence, subject matter, or material[1]


 *  - Abessive, Privative
 * N Derivation: Privative, without[2]


 *  - Distributive


 *  - Comitative
 * NN Derivation: "together with"[1]


 * / - Genitive
 * "of"; marks possession[1]


 *  - Benefactive
 * "for"; marks the beneficiary[1]


 *  - Locative
 * "in"; marks temporal, spatial location[1]


 *  - Associative, Interactive
 * , [4]
 * "among"; marks a group performing the same action[1]


 *  - Causal, Causative
 * "for, because of"; marks the cause or reason[1]


 *  - Accusative
 * Wak wasita rikuy. "Look at that house."
 * Mamayta qayarispa karqani. "I invited my mother."
 * marks direct object, destination of motion verb; marks adj→adv[1]


 *  - Instrumental, Comitative
 * "with"; marks instrument or company[1]


 *  - Possessive
 * N Derivation: Possessive[2]

Misc Nominal

 *  - Diminutive


 *  - Plural


 *  - Augmentative

Deriving Verbs

 *  - Causative, 使役
 *  → yachachiy
 * "to learn" → "to make learn (to teach)"
 * 「学ぶ」 → 「学ばせる（教える）」
 *  → puñuchiy
 * "to sleep" → "to make sleep"
 * 「眠る」 → 「眠らせる」


 *  - Reflexive, 再帰
 *  → mayllakuy
 * "to wash" → "to wash oneself"
 * 「洗う」 → 「自洗う」
 *  → rantikuy
 * "to buy" → "to buy for oneself"
 * 「買う」 → 「自為買う」


 *  - Translocative, 移動
 *  → purimuy
 * "to walk" → "to walk over"
 * 「歩く」 → 「歩いてくる」
 *  → apamuy
 * "to carry" → "to bring"
 * 「持つ」 → 「持ってくる」
 *  → paramuy
 * "to rain" → "to rain here"
 * 「雨降る」 → 「雨降ってくる（当地で）」
 *  → mikhumuy
 * "to eat" → "to go eat"
 * 「食べる」 → 「食べてくる」


 *  - Reciprocal, 相互
 *  → riqsinakuy
 * "to know" → "to know each other"
 * 「知る」 → 「知合う」
 *  → kuyanakuy
 * "to love" → "to love each other"
 * 「愛す」 → 「愛合う」
 *  → maqanakuy
 * "to hit" → "to hit each other (to fight)"
 * 「打つ」 → 「打合う（戦う）」


 *  - Desiderative, 願望
 *  → tusunayay
 * "to dance" → "to want to dance"
 * 「踊る」 → 「踊りたがる」
 *  → paranayay
 * "to rain" → "to be about to rain"
 * 「雨降る」 → 「間もなく雨降る」
 *  → waqanayay
 * "to cry" → "to want to cry"
 * 「泣く」 → 「泣きたがる」


 *  - Repetitive, 反復
 *  → pichapay
 * "to clean" → "to clean again"
 * 「掃除する」 → 「掃除し直す」
 *  → tarpupay
 * "to plant" → "to plant again"
 * 「植える」 → 「植え直す」
 *  → yapapay
 * "to augment" → "to add incrementally"
 * 「加える」 → 「付け足す」


 *  - Frequentative, 頻繁・同伴
 *  → parapayay
 * "to rain" → "to rain indefinitely"
 * 「雨降る」 → 「雨降り続く」
 *  → mañapayay
 * "to request" → "to request repeatedly"
 * 「頼む」 → 「頼み続ける」


 *  - Oscillative, 反復・頻繁
 *  → puriykachay
 * "to go" → "to go back and forth"
 * 「行く」 → 「行ったり来たりする」
 *  → apaykachay
 * "to carry" → "to carry from here to there"
 * 「持つ」 → 「あちこち持ち行く」
 *  → phawaykachay
 * "to fly" → "to flutter"
 * 「飛ぶ」 → 「飛び交う」