User:Surjection/urj-pro comparison


 * en.wikt: currently used on English Wiktionary, largely based on UEW
 * UEW: used by Uralisches etymologisches Wörterbuch (Károly Rédei), which is hosted online under uralonet.nytud.hu
 * Aikio: based on Ante Aikio's Uralic Etymological Dictionary (draft) as well as his monograph Proto-Uralic
 * EVE: by Petri Kallio, used by EVE
 * Zhivlov: Mikhail Zhivlov (2023): Reconstruction of Proto-Uralic, in The Uralic Languages, 2nd edition

Initial vowels

 * 1) UEW also reconstructs long vowels *ē *ī *ū for some words. However, modern consensus regarding Proto-Uralic is that it had no phonemic vowel length distinction.
 * 2) According to vowel harmony; this vowel for back-vowel harmony. However, EVE's use of this is inconsistent. It is not listed in the EVE dictionary entries, but is listed in the Proto-Finnic database and is presumably their explanation for words with i-(a) vocalism in Finnic where the initial i is represented by a back vowel in some other branches (e.g., ).

Non-initial vowels

 * 2) According to vowel harmony; this vowel for back-vowel harmony. However, EVE's use of this phoneme is inconsistent. Some of their reconstructions use it (including all reconstructions in the PF database) and others do not.

Spirants/coronals
Sometimes transcribed as *d1, *d2


 * 3) Inconsistent usage

"Laryngeal"
Possibly according to Aikio (2022)

Additional consonants
UEW reconstructs a consonant *θ which is however not recognized by Aikio, EVE nor Zhivlov. No PU entry on en.wikt currently uses it.