User:Wpi/HKE

Overview
Works that are too old may not reflect recent changes and are thus omitted. American influence is mentioned in several works, including Deterding 2008. I however hypothesise that this is due to Canadian influence in the backwards migration, as demonstrated in the Canadian raising in HKE.

Diphthong reduction/allophones

 * Splitting at consonant boundaries is avoided. Most younger speakers (including myself) do not have all changes listed here. Some of these are inferred from loanwords.
 * Hung posits the following "diphthong reduction rule":
 * Hung notes that the change in to  is a separate process.
 * However, I should note that this occurs in parallel with to  in certain words (nasal-plosive stops in Cantonese are strongly tied)

[insert table]

Realisation of schwa

 * [s/ʃ]ə[n/t/d] > SɵN
 * e.g. station

Stress

 * Setter 2010 suggests -ation, -ative, etc. attracts stress.
 * Observation: words are usually analysed to be split by affixes, and the stress is put on the "root", except for the -ative and -ation suggested by Setter 2010.

Miscellaneous

 * Observation /-l/ seems to result in l-vocalisation even when not in the coda position, e.g. similar = sim1 miu4 laa4, binomial = baai6 no1 miu4