Wiktionary:About Czech

See also Category:Czech language

This guide is intended to provide guidelines both for creating Czech entries on English Wiktionary as well as for adding Czech translations to English words. The main guidelines for creating any entry on English Wiktionary is set forth in Entry layout explained; this page is an addition to that page, not a replacement.

If a change occurs in the main guidelines that affects Czech entries, then that change should be reflected here.

Basics
When adding a Czech entry, please consider doing the following minimum amount of work:


 * 1) Add to the English entry, the Czech translation in infinitive form for a verb, singular nominative form with gender for a noun or a proper noun, masculine singular nominative form for an adjective, nominative form for a pronoun. See Translations for more information.
 * 2) Create a basic Czech entry for the Czech word, as shown in the following examples.

Example
This is an entry for the word vítr, and shows the most fundamental elements of an article:
 * 1) the language section, always Czech (as a level 2 heading),
 * 2) its part of speech or "type", here Noun (as a level 3 heading),
 * 3) the inflection word itself (preferably a template for Czech),
 * 4) an English translation (preceded by "#", which causes automatic numbering),
 * 5) links in the translation for key words in English,

All the examples in this page can be copied and used to start an article or section of an article.

Noun

 * 1) wind movement of air

Example
For vítr:

Noun

 * 1) wind movement of air

Templates

 * with parameter:
 * ,,   respectively for masculine, feminine and neuter nouns.

Declension
If you have some time you can also add the declensions of the noun with the template. There is also an effort to create an automatic template, try it and if it doesn't work you can improve it = ).

Noun

 * 1) wind movement of air

Example
For jít:

Verb

 * 1) to go (by foot); to walk.

Templates

 * with parameters:
 * a=p, a=i respectively for perfective and imperfective aspects
 * aa=alternative verb with alternative verb the form of the other aspect

Conjugation
If you have some time you can also add the conjugation of the verb with the template. There is also an effort to create automatic templates (around 30 currently) that use the prefix of the verb as first parameter and for some the letter p as second parameter only in perfective case. See Czech conjugation table templates for them. Try them and if it doesn't work you can add a new one = ).

Verb

 * 1) to go (by foot); to walk.

Verbs with subject and object reversed

 * To be discussed; see e.g. mrzet; líto vs být líto.

Reflexive verbs

 * Put the meaning of těšit se in the těšit entry, using the template.
 * Even if no non-reflexive form exists, put to the non-reflexive form page, like in mračit se.
 * To těšit se, optionally put: #

Perfective vs imperfective verbs

 * Whether, when entering Czech translations of verbs into the pages with English entries, I should enter perfective or imperfective form of the word, is unclear. Sometimes, the imperfective is the obvious default, like dělat instead of udělat, zadělat or rozdělat. Elsewhere, the case is not so clear, such as in znepokojit vs znepokojovat.
 * Another issue is the possible duplication of entries such as znepokojit and znepokojovat. This duplication could perhaps be avoided, by making one of the entries the main one while letting the other one link to the first one, in the style of mračit se linking to mračit.
 * See.

Noun form other than singular nominative
To use only for an already existing page in another language or for a very frequent form.

Example
For korun:

Verb form other than infinitive
To use only for an already existing page in another language or for a very frequent form.

Example
For doufám:

Adjective
Enter only the masculine singular nominative form.

We need to extend the template for comparative and superlative form.

If you want to enter other forms, you need to create a declension template,, like for nouns. See malý in the Czech version and malý in the German version (full table).

Example
For malý:

Adjective

 * 1) small

Adverb
They are not inflected = ) but the comparative yes : |.

Enter at least the basic form then the comparative and superlative.

We need to extend the template for comparative and superlative form.

Example
For moc:

Adverb

 * 1) very
 * 2) lot, a lot

Proper noun
Very similar to noun except there should be no neuter or inanimate masculine gender.

Declension is not mandatory.

Example
For Praha:

Proper noun

 * 1) Prague

Templates

 * with parameter:
 * g=m, g=f, g=n respectively for masculine, feminine and neuter nouns.



Pronoun
We need to explain the different cases: personal, demonstrative, possessive, interrogative.

Example
For co:

Pronoun

 * 1) what

Preposition
They are not inflected = ) but always match a case so it is a good idea to give the case that should follow them.

Example
For bez:

Preposition

 * 1) without

Usage notes
Followed by genitive case.

Conjunction
Currently there is no specific Czech template.

Example
For i:

Conjunction

 * 1) and

Proverb
Here are the main rules to enter Czech proverbs:


 * 1) Wiki links on the words or group of word of the Czech proverb in masculine singular form
 * 2) Translation with the equivalent proverb in English with a # after the entry, if not just omit
 * 3) Literal translation of the Czech proverb in the Etymology section
 * 4) Explanation of the idiomatic meaning of the Czech proverb: after the translation with #:, in italic

See also Wiktionary talk:About_Czech.

Example
For samochvála smrdí:

Etymology
Literally: Self praise stinks.

Proverb

 * 1) The praise you give to yourself is not trustworthy for other people.

Templates

 * Proverb:

Affix

 * Prefix:
 * Suffix:

Etymology
The Czech language developed at the close of the 1st millennium from the Proto-Slavic language. Some words come from German too due to the proximity.

See Etymology for the format and History of the Czech language for more information.

Pronunciation
Some letter are difficult to pronounce for English people, mainly those with háček or caron like ř that soften the pronunciation.

Contrary to languages like French, Czech language is usually pronounced exactly like it is written so when you know the pronunciation of each letter, a few letter groups, and some phonetic rules (e.g., voiceless consonant followed by voiced consonant assimilates voicing: kdo is pronounced /gdo/), you know how to pronounce every Czech word. It is thus maybe not so important to give the pronunciation for every word.

See Pronunciation for the format and Czech phonology for more information.

IPA markup for o and short u: I (Dan Polansky) tend to use o and u since that is what my sources tell me: Bičan's IPA pro češtinu and Šimáčková, Podlipský, Václav, Chládková, Czech spoken in Bohemia and Moravia (2012). Multiple editors keep switching to ɔ and, for short u, ʊ but they never tell us what their sources are.

Related terms
For problems with too many related terms, see žít, where the related terms živit, zažít and užít generate a host of terms related to them, resulting in a large list of items if made complete.

Example markup:

Related terms

 * ...
 * ...

General categories
Remember that if you use a template, the category is automatically added.

If there is no template for the type of entry you enter, you can add a category like this:

Phrase

 * 1) good day

See Category:Czech language for an overview of all Czech categories where you can put an entry.

Topical categories
Articles can be classified into topics.

The top level page for Czech topics is Category:cs:All topics.

If not already existing, add a new category section modelled on the English categories:


 * Example with the page Category:cs:Fruits.

Then, add the category at the end of the Czech entry:


 * Example with the page ananas

Noun

 * 1) pineapple

Expressive terms
Using the label  adds the term to Category:Czech expressive terms. This is used for terms with additional expressive content compared with the basic meaning of the term. This term is common in Czech lexicography and is found in most Czech dictionaries, but there is no exact equivalent in English lexicography. The closest equivalents might be a combination of colloquial and either endearing or pejorative, as the case may be.

Which entries to add?

 * Wiktionary:Requested entries:Czech

Templates
To understand and know how to write a template see:
 * Category:Czech templates
 * Category:Czech inflection-table templates
 * Template
 * Template functions

Wikipedia

 * Czech language
 * Czech alphabet
 * Czech declension
 * Czech orthography
 * Czech phonetic transcription
 * Czech phonology
 * Czech verb
 * Czech word order
 * Háček
 * Czech name
 * W:Category:Czech language

fr:Wiktionnaire:Liste de tous les modèles/Tchèque