abstain

Etymology
First attested around 1380. From, , , from , , from from  +. See also.

Verb

 * 1)  Keep or withhold oneself.
 * 2)  Refrain from (something or doing something); keep from doing, especially an indulgence.
 * 3) * 22 May 1948, United Nations, Security Council Resolution 49
 * The Security Council calls upon all Governments and authorities, without prejudice to the rights, claims or positions of the parties concerned, to abstain from any hostile military action in Palestine and to that end to issue a cease-fire order to their military and paramilitary forces
 * 1)  Fast not eat for a period.
 * 2)  Deliberately refrain from casting one's vote at a meeting where one is present.
 * 3)  Hinder; keep back; withhold.
 * 1)  Deliberately refrain from casting one's vote at a meeting where one is present.
 * 2)  Hinder; keep back; withhold.
 * 1)  Hinder; keep back; withhold.
 * 1)  Hinder; keep back; withhold.

Usage notes

 * Followed by the word from or of.
 * Followed by the word from.

Synonyms

 * oneself

Translations

 * Arabic: اِمْتَنَعَ
 * Bulgarian: въздържам се
 * Catalan: abstenir-se
 * Chinese:
 * Mandarin:, ,
 * Czech: zdržet se
 * Danish: ,
 * Dutch: (van),
 * Esperanto: abstini
 * Finnish: ,
 * French:
 * German:
 * Gothic: 𐌲𐌰𐌸𐌰𐍂𐌱𐌰𐌽
 * Hebrew: התנזר,
 * Hungarian:, (meg)tartóztatja magát
 * Ido:
 * Italian:
 * Japanese: ,
 * Latin:
 * Maori: papare, pare, wainamu
 * Norwegian:
 * Bokmål: abstinere, avholde, avstå
 * Old English: forbūgan
 * Polish: ,
 * Portuguese: abster-se, privar-se
 * Romanian:
 * Russian: (от (ot) + genitive case),   (от (ot) + genitive case)
 * Serbo-Croatian:, суздржа́вати, , сустезати, , апстини́рати
 * Sinhalese:
 * Slovene: vzdržati
 * Spanish:
 * Swedish: ,
 * Tày: căm
 * Ukrainian: утри́муватися, утри́матися
 * West Frisian:


 * Armenian: ձեռնպահ լինել
 * Czech:
 * Danish:
 * Dutch:
 * Finnish: äänestää tyhjää
 * French:
 * German:
 * Hebrew:
 * Hungarian:
 * Italian:
 * Japanese:
 * Lao: ງົດອອກສຽງ
 * Norwegian:
 * Bokmål: stemme blankt
 * Polish: ,
 * Portuguese: abster-se
 * Russian: ,
 * Serbo-Croatian:, апстини́рати,
 * Spanish:
 * Swedish: lägga ned sin röst
 * Thai: งดออกเสียง
 * Ukrainian: утри́муватися, утри́матися


 * Danish:
 * Dutch:
 * Finnish:
 * German:
 * Maori: tāwhi, tātāwhi
 * Norwegian:
 * Bokmål:
 * Portuguese:
 * Spanish:
 * West Frisian: keare, behinderje, ferhinderje

Etymology
From, from , , , from , , from from  +.

Verb

 * 1) to :
 * 2)  to deliberately refrain from casting one's vote at a meeting where one is present.
 * 3)  to refrain from (something or doing something), to fast.