anti-Semitism

Etymology
From. It is typically said that German political agitator Wilhelm Marr invented the term to replace to make hatred of the Jews seem rational and sanctioned by scientific knowledge; Marr founded the  ("Anti-Semites' League") in 1879, used the terms Semitismus and Antisemiten in his 1879 and 1880 pamphlets Der Sieg des Judenthums über das Germanenthum and Der Weg zum Siege des Germanenthums über das Judenthum, and used Antisemitismus at least as early as his 1885 pamphlet Lessing contra Sem. The related term  was first used in 1860, by Jewish scholar Moritz Steinschneider. See Wikipedia's article on the etymology and usage of the term.

The term is superficially/synchronically equivalent to (see ), for which reason it is rarely extended to cover prejudice against any Semitic people, or against adherents of any of the religions that originated among the Semitic peoples (the Abrahamic religions). See the usage notes.

Noun

 * 1)  Prejudice, discrimination, hostility or political or religious opposition directed against ethnic or religious Jews or against Judaism; antijudaism; judeophobia.
 * 2)  Prejudice, discrimination or hostility directed against any Semitic people (ancient or modern), such as Samaritans, Palestinians, Arabs or Assyrians.
 * 1)  Prejudice, discrimination or hostility directed against any Semitic people (ancient or modern), such as Samaritans, Palestinians, Arabs or Assyrians.
 * 1)  Prejudice, discrimination or hostility directed against any Semitic people (ancient or modern), such as Samaritans, Palestinians, Arabs or Assyrians.
 * 1)  Prejudice, discrimination or hostility directed against any Semitic people (ancient or modern), such as Samaritans, Palestinians, Arabs or Assyrians.
 * 1)  Prejudice, discrimination or hostility directed against any Semitic people (ancient or modern), such as Samaritans, Palestinians, Arabs or Assyrians.

Usage notes

 * Though refers in a broader sense to all those who speak Semitic languages (including e.g. Arabs and Assyrians), the term anti-Semitism has historically referred to prejudice against Jews alone. To avoid the confusion of the misnomer, many scholars of the subject (such as Emil Fackenheim) now favor the unhyphenated antisemitism in order to emphasize that the word should be read as a single unified term, not as a meaningful root word-prefix combination.   (See Wikipedia's article on the etymology and usage of the term.) Use of the term to refer to prejudice against any Semitic people is rare and nonstandard.
 * Some use the term to hatred/prejudice against speakers of Hebrew, Arabic, Syriac, or any other Semitic language, as well as ethnic and religious groups associated with these languages.
 * A very small number of writers use the term to refer to prejudice against Muslims, apparently considering them to constitute a Semitic race as opposed to only a religion. See citations.
 * Spelling has shifted from “anti-Semitism” to “antisemitism” in the 2020s.

Translations

 * Albanian: antisemitizëm
 * Arabic: مُعَادَاة السَّامِيَّة
 * Armenian: ,
 * Azerbaijani: antisemitizm, Yəhudi əleyhdarlığı, Yəhudi düşmənçiliyi
 * Belarusian: антысеміты́зм
 * Bengali: ইহুদি-বিদ্বেষ
 * Bulgarian:
 * Carpathian Rusyn: антісеміті́зм, юдофо́бія
 * Catalan:
 * Chinese:
 * Cantonese: 反猶太主義
 * Mandarin:
 * Czech:
 * Danish: antisemitisme, jødehad
 * Dutch: anti-semitisme,
 * Esperanto: kontraŭjudismo, antisemitismo
 * Estonian:, juudivaenulikkus
 * Faroese: gýðingahatur
 * Finnish: ,
 * French:
 * Galician: antisemitismo
 * Georgian: ანტისემიტიზმი
 * German:, , , Judenfeindlichkeit, Judendiskriminierung
 * Greek:
 * Hebrew:
 * Hindi: यहूदी विरोधवाद, यहूदी-विरोध
 * Hungarian:
 * Icelandic: gyðingahatur
 * Indonesian:
 * Irish: frith-Sheimíteachas, frithghiúdachas
 * Italian:
 * Japanese: 反ユダヤ主義, 反セム主義, アンティセミティズム
 * Kazakh: антисемитизм
 * Korean: 반유대주의
 * Kurdish:
 * Northern Kurdish:
 * Kyrgyz:
 * Ladino: antisemitizmo
 * Latvian: antisemītisms
 * Lithuanian: antisemitizmas
 * Macedonian: антисемити́зам
 * Malay: antisemitisme
 * Mongolian:
 * Cyrillic: антисемитизм
 * Norwegian:
 * Bokmål: antisemittisme, jødehat
 * Nynorsk: antisemittisme, jødehat
 * Pashto: سام دوښمني, يهود مخالفت
 * Persian:, یَهودْسِتیزی
 * Polish:
 * Portuguese:
 * Romanian:
 * Russian: ,
 * Serbo-Croatian:
 * Cyrillic: антисемитѝзам
 * Roman:
 * Slovak:
 * Slovene: antisemitizem
 * Spanish:
 * Swedish: ,
 * Tajik: яҳудситезӣ, антисемитизм
 * Tatar: антисемитизм
 * Thai: การต่อต้านยิว
 * Turkish:, Yahudi karşıtlığı, Yahudi düşmanlığı
 * Turkmen:
 * Ukrainian:
 * Urdu: ضِدِ سامِیَّت, سام دُشْمَنی, سام مُخالِفَت, یَہُود دُشْمَنی
 * Uzbek:
 * Vietnamese: chủ nghĩa bài Do Thái
 * Yiddish: אַנטיסעמיטיזם, שׂינאת־ישׂראל