bureaucracy

Alternative forms

 * (dated)
 * (dated)

Etymology
, from, coined by Jean Claude Marie Vincent de Gournay from +

Noun

 * 1) Government by bureaus or their administrators or officers.
 * 2)  A system of administration based upon organisation into bureaus, division of labour, a hierarchy of authority, etc., designed to dispose of a large body of work in a routine manner.
 * 3) The body of officers and administrators, especially of a government.
 * 4)  Excessive red tape and routine in any administration, body or behaviour.
 * 1) The body of officers and administrators, especially of a government.
 * 2)  Excessive red tape and routine in any administration, body or behaviour.
 * 1)  Excessive red tape and routine in any administration, body or behaviour.

Translations

 * Catalan:
 * Chinese:
 * Mandarin: 官僚體制
 * Dutch:
 * Esperanto: burokratismo
 * Finnish:
 * French:
 * German: Beamtentum,
 * Indonesian:
 * Italian:
 * Kazakh: төрешілдік
 * Polish:
 * Portuguese:
 * Romanian:
 * Russian:
 * Spanish:
 * Thai: อมาตยาธิปไตย
 * Ukrainian:
 * Welsh: biwrocratiaeth


 * Albanian:
 * Arabic: بِيرُقْرَاطِيَّة
 * Armenian:
 * Azerbaijani: bürokratiya
 * Belarusian: бюракра́тыя
 * Bengali:
 * Bulgarian:
 * Burmese:
 * Catalan:
 * Chinese:
 * Mandarin:, 官僚制
 * Czech: byrokracie
 * Danish: bureaukrati
 * Dutch:
 * Estonian: bürokraatia
 * Faroese: skrivstovuveldi, embætismannavald
 * Finnish: ,
 * French:
 * Galician:
 * Georgian: ბიუროკრატია
 * German: ,
 * Greek:
 * Hebrew: בִּירוֹקרַטִיָה
 * Hindi: अधिकारीवर्ग,, दफ़्तरशाही, अफ़सरशाही
 * Hungarian:
 * Icelandic: skrifræði, skrifstofuveldi, regluveldi
 * Indonesian:
 * Irish: maorlathas
 * Italian:
 * Japanese:
 * Kazakh: бюрократия, төрешілдік
 * Khmer:
 * Korean:
 * Kurdish:
 * Northern Kurdish:, ,
 * Kyrgyz: бюрократия
 * Lao: ພະຍາດອາດຊະຍາສິດ
 * Latvian: birokrātija
 * Lithuanian: biurokratija
 * Macedonian: бирокра́тија
 * Malay: birokrasi
 * Mongolian:
 * Cyrillic: хүнд суртал
 * Norwegian:
 * Bokmål: byråkrati
 * Pashto: بيوروکراسي
 * Persian: ,
 * Polish:, biuralizm
 * Portuguese:
 * Punjabi:
 * Romanian:
 * Russian:
 * Scots: bureaucracie
 * Serbo-Croatian:
 * Cyrillic: бирократија
 * Roman: birokratija
 * Slovak: byrokracia
 * Slovene: birokracija
 * Spanish:
 * Swedish:
 * Tajik:
 * Telugu: అధికార వర్గం
 * Thai:, ระบบข้าราชการประจำ
 * Turkish:
 * Turkmen:
 * Ukrainian:
 * Urdu: دَفْتَر شاہی, نَوکَر شاہی, اَفْسَر شاہی
 * Uyghur: بيۇروكراتلىق
 * Uzbek:
 * Vietnamese: bọn quan liêu, bộ máy quan liêu
 * Welsh: biwrocratiaeth
 * Yiddish: ביוראָקראַטיע


 * Catalan:
 * Chinese:
 * Mandarin: 官僚體制
 * Danish:
 * Dutch:, ,
 * Finnish: ,
 * German: Beamtenapparat
 * Polish:
 * Portuguese:, oficialismo
 * Spanish:


 * Catalan:
 * Chinese:
 * Mandarin: ,
 * Danish:
 * Dutch:
 * Finnish: ,
 * German: Bürokratisierung, Bürokratismus
 * Indonesian:
 * Maori: taero, aparau
 * Polish:
 * Portuguese:
 * Spanish:
 * Swedish:


 * Chinese:
 * Mandarin:
 * Czech:
 * Danish:
 * Dutch:
 * Estonian:
 * French:
 * Hungarian:
 * Icelandic:, skrifstofuveldi
 * Irish:
 * Japanese:
 * Macedonian:
 * Malay:
 * Norwegian:
 * Russian:
 * Scots:
 * Telugu:
 * Turkish: