churlish

Etymology
From, , from late , , equivalent to.

Adjective

 * 1) Of or pertaining to a serf, peasant, or rustic.
 * 2) * 1996, Jeet Heer, Gravitas, Autumn 1996
 * the eloquence and truth of his tribute stands in marked contrast to Kramer's churlish caricature of Kael as a happy pig wallowing in the dirt.
 * 1) Rude, surly, ungracious.
 * 2) Stingy or grudging.
 * 3)  Difficult to till, lacking pliancy; unmanageable.
 * 4) * 1730–1774, Oliver Goldsmith, Introductory to Switzerland
 * Where the bleak Swiss their stormy mansion tread,
 * And force a churlish soil for scanty bread.
 * 1)  Difficult to till, lacking pliancy; unmanageable.
 * 2) * 1730–1774, Oliver Goldsmith, Introductory to Switzerland
 * Where the bleak Swiss their stormy mansion tread,
 * And force a churlish soil for scanty bread.
 * And force a churlish soil for scanty bread.

Translations

 * Dutch:
 * Norwegian: bondsk
 * Russian:
 * Spanish: paleto, ,


 * Armenian: ,
 * Bulgarian:
 * Czech: neurvalý,, neotesaný, buranský
 * Dutch: ,
 * Finnish:, ,
 * German:, , ,
 * Greek:
 * Hungarian:, ,
 * Irish: bodúil, tútach
 * Italian:
 * Korean: 야비한
 * Maori: toukeke, houkeke, hōkeke
 * Norwegian:
 * Portuguese: ,
 * Romanian:
 * Russian:
 * Spanish: poco afable, ,


 * Bulgarian:
 * Dutch: ,
 * German: ,
 * Russian:


 * Russian: труднообраба́тываемая по́чва