do

Etymology 1
From, from , from , from , from.

For senses 4 and 5, compare 🇨🇬, whence 🇨🇬.

The past tense form is from, , from , , an unexpected development from / (the expected reflex would be *ded), from , an athematic e-reduplicated verb of the same root.

The meaningless use of do in interrogative, negative, and affirmative sentences (e.g. "Do you like painting?" "Yes, I do"), existing in some form in most Germanic languages, is thought by some linguists to be one of the, calqued from Brythonic. It is first recorded in Middle English, where it may have marked the perfective aspect, though in some cases the meaning seems to be imperfective. In, any meaning in such contexts was lost, making it a dummy auxiliary, and soon thereafter its use became mandatory in most questions and negations.

Doublets include, , , but not.

Other cognates include, via Latin, 🇨🇬,, , via Greek, 🇨🇬, , , and 🇨🇬, and.

Verb

 * 1)  To perform; to execute.
 * 2)  To cause, make (someone) (do something).
 * 3)  To suffice.
 * 4)  To be reasonable or acceptable.
 * 5)  To have (as an effect).
 * 6)  To fare, perform (well or poorly).
 * 7)  To  well; to ; to ; (of livestock) to.
 * 8)  To have as one's job.
 * 9) To perform the tasks or actions associated with (something).
 * 10) To cook.
 * 11)  To travel in, to tour, to make a circuit of.
 * 12)  To treat in a certain way.
 * 13)  To work for or on, by way of caring for, looking after, preparing, cleaning, keeping in order, etc.
 * 14)  To act or behave in a certain manner; to conduct oneself.
 * 15)  To spend (time) in jail. (See also do time)
 * 16)  To impersonate or depict.
 * 17)  To copy or emulate the actions or behaviour that is associated with the person or thing mentioned.
 * 18)  To kill.
 * 19)  To deal with for good and all; to finish up; to undo; to ruin; to do for.
 * 20)  To punish for a misdemeanor.
 * 21)  To have sex with. (See also )
 * 22)  To cheat or swindle.
 * 23)  To convert into a certain form; especially, to translate.
 * 24)  To finish.
 * 25)  Used to form the present progressive of verbs.
 * 26)  To cash or to advance money for, as a bill or note.
 * 27)  To make or provide.
 * 28)  To injure (one's own body part).
 * 29)  To take drugs.
 * 30)  To exist with a purpose or for a reason.
 * 31)  To drive a vehicle at a certain speed, especially in regard to a speed limit.
 * 1)  To have (as an effect).
 * 2)  To fare, perform (well or poorly).
 * 3)  To  well; to ; to ; (of livestock) to.
 * 4)  To have as one's job.
 * 5) To perform the tasks or actions associated with (something).
 * 6) To cook.
 * 7)  To travel in, to tour, to make a circuit of.
 * 8)  To treat in a certain way.
 * 9)  To work for or on, by way of caring for, looking after, preparing, cleaning, keeping in order, etc.
 * 10)  To act or behave in a certain manner; to conduct oneself.
 * 11)  To spend (time) in jail. (See also do time)
 * 12)  To impersonate or depict.
 * 13)  To copy or emulate the actions or behaviour that is associated with the person or thing mentioned.
 * 14)  To kill.
 * 15)  To deal with for good and all; to finish up; to undo; to ruin; to do for.
 * 16)  To punish for a misdemeanor.
 * 17)  To have sex with. (See also )
 * 18)  To cheat or swindle.
 * 19)  To convert into a certain form; especially, to translate.
 * 20)  To finish.
 * 21)  Used to form the present progressive of verbs.
 * 22)  To cash or to advance money for, as a bill or note.
 * 23)  To make or provide.
 * 24)  To injure (one's own body part).
 * 25)  To take drugs.
 * 26)  To exist with a purpose or for a reason.
 * 27)  To drive a vehicle at a certain speed, especially in regard to a speed limit.
 * 1)  To work for or on, by way of caring for, looking after, preparing, cleaning, keeping in order, etc.
 * 2)  To act or behave in a certain manner; to conduct oneself.
 * 3)  To spend (time) in jail. (See also do time)
 * 4)  To impersonate or depict.
 * 5)  To copy or emulate the actions or behaviour that is associated with the person or thing mentioned.
 * 6)  To kill.
 * 7)  To deal with for good and all; to finish up; to undo; to ruin; to do for.
 * 8)  To punish for a misdemeanor.
 * 9)  To have sex with. (See also )
 * 10)  To cheat or swindle.
 * 11)  To convert into a certain form; especially, to translate.
 * 12)  To finish.
 * 13)  Used to form the present progressive of verbs.
 * 14)  To cash or to advance money for, as a bill or note.
 * 15)  To make or provide.
 * 16)  To injure (one's own body part).
 * 17)  To take drugs.
 * 18)  To exist with a purpose or for a reason.
 * 19)  To drive a vehicle at a certain speed, especially in regard to a speed limit.
 * 1)  To deal with for good and all; to finish up; to undo; to ruin; to do for.
 * 2)  To punish for a misdemeanor.
 * 3)  To have sex with. (See also )
 * 4)  To cheat or swindle.
 * 5)  To convert into a certain form; especially, to translate.
 * 6)  To finish.
 * 7)  Used to form the present progressive of verbs.
 * 8)  To cash or to advance money for, as a bill or note.
 * 9)  To make or provide.
 * 10)  To injure (one's own body part).
 * 11)  To take drugs.
 * 12)  To exist with a purpose or for a reason.
 * 13)  To drive a vehicle at a certain speed, especially in regard to a speed limit.
 * 1)  To convert into a certain form; especially, to translate.
 * 2)  To finish.
 * 3)  Used to form the present progressive of verbs.
 * 4)  To cash or to advance money for, as a bill or note.
 * 5)  To make or provide.
 * 6)  To injure (one's own body part).
 * 7)  To take drugs.
 * 8)  To exist with a purpose or for a reason.
 * 9)  To drive a vehicle at a certain speed, especially in regard to a speed limit.
 * 1)  To make or provide.
 * 2)  To injure (one's own body part).
 * 3)  To take drugs.
 * 4)  To exist with a purpose or for a reason.
 * 5)  To drive a vehicle at a certain speed, especially in regard to a speed limit.
 * 1)  To take drugs.
 * 2)  To exist with a purpose or for a reason.
 * 3)  To drive a vehicle at a certain speed, especially in regard to a speed limit.
 * 1)  To take drugs.
 * 2)  To exist with a purpose or for a reason.
 * 3)  To drive a vehicle at a certain speed, especially in regard to a speed limit.
 * 1)  To drive a vehicle at a certain speed, especially in regard to a speed limit.
 * 1)  To drive a vehicle at a certain speed, especially in regard to a speed limit.

Usage notes

 * In older forms of English, when the pronoun thou was in active use, and verbs used -est for distinct second-person singular indicative forms, the verb do had two such forms: dost, in auxiliary uses, and doest, in other uses. The past tense of both forms is didst.
 * Similarly, when the ending -eth was in active use for third-person singular present indicative forms, the form doth was used as an auxiliary, and the form doeth was used elsewhere.

Antonyms

 * don't

Noun

 * 1)  A party, celebration, social function; usually of moderate size and formality.
 * 2)  Something that can or should be done.
 * 3)  Something that has been done.
 * 4)  Ado; bustle; stir; to-do; A period of confusion or argument.
 * 5)  A cheat; a swindler.
 * 6)  An act of swindling; a fraud or deception.
 * 7)  A homicide.
 * 1)  Something that can or should be done.
 * 2)  Something that has been done.
 * 3)  Ado; bustle; stir; to-do; A period of confusion or argument.
 * 4)  A cheat; a swindler.
 * 5)  An act of swindling; a fraud or deception.
 * 6)  A homicide.
 * 1)  Something that has been done.
 * 2)  Ado; bustle; stir; to-do; A period of confusion or argument.
 * 3)  A cheat; a swindler.
 * 4)  An act of swindling; a fraud or deception.
 * 5)  A homicide.
 * 1)  A cheat; a swindler.
 * 2)  An act of swindling; a fraud or deception.
 * 3)  A homicide.
 * 1)  An act of swindling; a fraud or deception.
 * 2)  A homicide.

Usage notes

 * For the plural of the noun, the spelling would be correct;  is often used for the sake of legibility, but is sometimes considered incorrect.

Etymology 2
as an easier-to-sing open-syllable revision to the solmization of Guido of Arezzo, from the first syllable of  (speculated by some to be an ulterior abbreviation of Giovanni Battista Doni) on the pattern of other Latinate solfège with the stated justification that God is the tonic and root of the world.

Noun

 * 1)  A syllable used in solfège to represent the first and eighth tonic of a major scale.

Etymology 3
Short for.

Etymology 4
Shortening of.

Numeral

 * 1) The cardinal number occurring after  and before do one in a duodecimal system. Written 10, decimal value 12.

Verb

 * 1) ; “you want/love”, “he/she/it wants/loves”

Etymology
From.

Numeral

 * 1) two

Noun

 * 1) group

Noun

 * 1) water

Etymology
From, from , from , from. Cognates include 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬.

Adverb

 * : certainly, but, really, just (always unstressed)
 * : after all, in the end (always stressed)
 * : after all, in the end (always stressed)
 * : after all, in the end (always stressed)
 * : after all, in the end (always stressed)
 * : after all, in the end (always stressed)
 * : after all, in the end (always stressed)

Numeral

 * 1) one

Etymology 1
From.

Noun

 * 1) gift
 * 2) talent

Etymology 2
Borrowed from.

Noun

 * 1)   (first note of diatonic scale)

Etymology 1
From.

Adverb

 * 1) here; there; in this or that place

Etymology 2
From, variant of. Compare 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬.

Adverb

 * 1)  then; back then at a certain time in the past

Etymology 3
From.

Pronoun

 * 1)  thou; you (singular)

Etymology
From. Resemblance to is probably coincidence.

Verb

 * 1) to do
 * 2) to work
 * 3)  to have sex

Etymology
Inherited from, from.

Preposition

 * 1) into, in to the inside of
 * 2) to, in in the direction of, and arriving at; indicating destination
 * 3) until up to the time of
 * 4) by at some time before the given time
 * 5) to, in physical blows "to" a body part
 * 6) to, up to extreme limit, all the way up to
 * 1) until up to the time of
 * 2) by at some time before the given time
 * 3) to, in physical blows "to" a body part
 * 4) to, up to extreme limit, all the way up to
 * 1) to, in physical blows "to" a body part
 * 2) to, up to extreme limit, all the way up to
 * 1) to, up to extreme limit, all the way up to
 * 1) to, up to extreme limit, all the way up to

Etymology
From.

Noun

 * 1) do, the musical note
 * 2)  C, the musical note

Etymology 2
From, possibly via apheresis of  (see ). Compare 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬.

Adverb

 * 1)  therefore, then, so (with conclusion), indeed, however

Etymology
From, equivalent to.

Contraction

 * 1)  of the

Etymology
Borrowed from.

Noun

 * 1)  do

Noun

 * 1)  do, the note 'C'

Etymology
From contraction of preposition + masculine definite article.

Contraction

 * 1) of the; from the; 's

Etymology
Glottal stop loss of

Noun

 * 1) bird

Etymology
From.

Noun

 * 1)  back

Adverb

 * 1) here
 * 2) then; so
 * 1) then; so
 * 1) then; so

Adverb

 * 1) so, therefore

Etymology 1
From confusion between (in perfect),  (in imperfect and conditional), and  (of many verbs with that preverb), from, ,  respectively.

Etymology 2
Reanalysis of and the early modern unstressed preverb  of verbs like,  (and possibly also  in , ) in relative clauses as a relative marker.

Usage notes
Before vowel sounds takes the form and is often preceded by the reduced form :, :

Etymology 3
From, from.

Preposition

 * 1) to, for

Derived terms
See also: Category:Irish phrasal verbs formed with "do"

Etymology 4
From, from ; compare 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬.

Determiner

 * 1) your (singular)

Etymology 2
, the surname of. Coined in the 17th century to replace.

Noun

 * 1)  (musical note)
 * 2) C (musical note or key)

Etymology
Inherited from.

Preposition

 * 1) ; to, toward
 * 2) ; for, to
 * 3) until, till, to
 * 4) up to, as many as
 * 5) ; by

Preposition

 * 1) behind
 * 2) before (time)
 * 1) before (time)

Etymology
From, from , from the root. The reduplication was lost in Latin in the present tense, but is preserved in the other Italic languages. A root aorist (from 🇨🇬) is preserved in Venetic ; the other Italic perfect forms reflect a reduplicated stative,. However, the root aorist possibly served as the source of the Latin present forms. Cognates include 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬.

The derivatives of are not always easy to distinguish from those of  <.

Verb

 * 1) to give
 * 2) to impart, offer, render, present with
 * 3) to afford, grant
 * 4) to bestow, confer (on or upon)
 * 5) to concede, surrender, yield, deliver, give up
 * 6) to put
 * 7) to adduce e.g., a witness
 * 1) to afford, grant
 * 2) to bestow, confer (on or upon)
 * 3) to concede, surrender, yield, deliver, give up
 * 4) to put
 * 5) to adduce e.g., a witness
 * 1) to bestow, confer (on or upon)
 * 2) to concede, surrender, yield, deliver, give up
 * 3) to put
 * 4) to adduce e.g., a witness
 * 1) to put
 * 2) to adduce e.g., a witness
 * 1) to adduce e.g., a witness

Conjugation
In Vulgar Latin, dō becomes *dao, by analogy with the root vowel -a-, but also by some elided third conjugation verbs like *vao, *vare (< ).

This table includes an archaic present subjunctive conjugation on a du- root that appears in the works of Plautus and Terence.

Contraction

 * 1) of the

Etymology 1
. Compare 🇨🇬.

Adverb

 * 1)  there, yonder
 * 2)  at that time (in the past); at the time, then
 * 3)  then, after that

Etymology 2
Unstressed form of.

Etymology
From.

Preposition

 * 1) to, into

Etymology 1
From.

Adverb

 * 1) there, in that place

Etymology
.

Preposition

 * 1) ; to
 * 2) ; for
 * 3) ; to, toward
 * 4) ; to, toward, for
 * 5) ; to
 * 6) ; to
 * 7) ;
 * 8) ; to; by
 * 9) ; until; to
 * 10) ; to
 * 11) ; before
 * 12) ; to

Etymology
From, from. Compare 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬.

Noun

 * 1) blood

Etymology 1
Possibly an abbreviation of "do-hūs" ("do house") from.

Noun

 * 1) a toilet, a loo

Noun

 * 1)  (the musical note)

Etymology 1
Possibly an abbreviation of "do-hūs" ("do house") from.

Noun

 * 1) a toilet, a loo

Etymology 2
From.

Adverb

 * 1) anyhow, still, nevertheless

Etymology 3
From the name of musicologist Giovanni Battista Doni, who suggested replacing the original with an open syllable for ease of singing. First found in.

Noun

 * , a syllable used in solfège to represent the second note of a major scale.

Coordinate terms

 * do,, , , , , , do

Etymology
Inherited from.

Preposition

 * 1) ; to, toward
 * 2) ; into, in
 * 3) ; to, until
 * 4) ; by
 * 5) ; before; by
 * 6) according to, in agreeance with
 * 7) ; to
 * 8) regarding
 * 9) up to, as many as
 * 10) ; for, to
 * 11) because of

Etymology 1
From, from. Unrelated to the prefix.

Preposition

 * 1) to, for
 * "sga"
 * "sga"
 * "sga"

- Is peccad díabul lesom .i. fodord doïb di dommatu, ⁊ du·fúairthed ní leu fora sáith din main, ⁊ todlugud inna féulæ ɔ amairis nánda·tibérad Día doïb, ⁊ nach coimnacuir ⁊ issi dano insin ind frescissiu co fochaid.

Inflection
Combinations with a definite article: Combinations with a possessive determiner: Combinations with a relative pronoun:
 * (d), (d)
 * dia·

Etymology 2
From.

Determiner

 * 1) your

Etymology
Inherited from. .

Preposition

 * 1) ; to, toward
 * 2) until
 * 3) ; by
 * 4) ; within
 * 5) ; for
 * 1) ; within
 * 2) ; for

Etymology 1
From, from +.

Adverb

 * 1) where

Conjunction

 * 1) where

Etymology 2
See lemma.

Etymology
Compare 🇨🇬.

Adverb

 * 1) here

Etymology
Inherited from.

Preposition

 * 1) ; to, toward
 * 2) ; into, in
 * 3) ; for, to
 * 4) ; to
 * 5) until, till, to
 * 6) up to, as many as
 * 7) ; by
 * 1) ; to
 * 2) until, till, to
 * 3) up to, as many as
 * 4) ; by
 * 1) until, till, to
 * 2) up to, as many as
 * 3) ; by
 * 1) up to, as many as
 * 2) ; by
 * 1) ; by
 * 1) ; by
 * 1) ; by

Etymology
From, from +. Akin to 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬, and 🇨🇬.

Etymology
From.

Noun

 * 1)  (musical note)

Etymology 1
Cognates include 🇨🇬 and 🇨🇬.

Etymology 2
From, from. Cognates include 🇨🇬 and 🇨🇬.

Adverb

 * 1) then

Etymology 1
From. Cognates include 🇨🇬.

Determiner

 * 1) thy, your (singular)

Etymology 2
From. Cognates include 🇨🇬.

Preposition

 * 1) to
 * 2) for
 * 1) for

Usage notes

 * Before a word beginning with a vowel or fh, the form may be used:
 * If the definite article in the singular follows, it combines with do into or :
 * If the definite article in the singular follows, it combines with do into or :

Etymology 3
From, from , from.

Usage notes

 * Becomes before a word beginning with a vowel or a lenited fh followed by a vowel.
 * Usually omitted before a consonant except after particles such as, etc.
 * Usually omitted before a consonant except after particles such as, etc.
 * Usually omitted before a consonant except after particles such as, etc.
 * Usually omitted before a consonant except after particles such as, etc.

Etymology 1
From, from ,.

Adverb

 * 1) only, except
 * 2) around, approximately
 * 3) due to, because of
 * 1) around, approximately
 * 2) due to, because of
 * 1) due to, because of
 * 1) due to, because of

Preposition

 * 1) up to, to, until, as far as, by
 * 2) before (= /)
 * 3) beside, next (to)
 * 4)  up to one; interested in; feel like
 * 1) before (= /)
 * 2) beside, next (to)
 * 3)  up to one; interested in; feel like
 * 1) before (= /)
 * 2) beside, next (to)
 * 3)  up to one; interested in; feel like
 * 1) before (= /)
 * 2) beside, next (to)
 * 3)  up to one; interested in; feel like
 * 1) before (= /)
 * 2) beside, next (to)
 * 3)  up to one; interested in; feel like
 * 1)  up to one; interested in; feel like
 * 1)  up to one; interested in; feel like
 * 1)  up to one; interested in; feel like

Etymology 2
From.

Noun

 * 1)  dale, small valley

Derived terms

 * dolìna

Etymology 3
Borrowed from.

Etymology
Inherited from.

Preposition

 * 1) ; to, toward
 * 2) ; to
 * 3) until, till, to
 * 4) ; for, to
 * 5) ; for
 * 6) ; to
 * 1) ; to
 * 1) ; to

Etymology
.

Preposition

 * 1) into, in, to, until

Etymology
From.

Preposition

 * 1)  by (some time before the given time)
 * 2)  till

Etymology 1
Borrowed from.

Noun

 * 1)  (musical note)
 * 2) C (musical note or key)

Etymology 2
From, from +.

Adverb

 * 1)  where

Pronoun

 * 1)  where

Noun

 * 1) fire

Noun

 * 1) C (musical note)

Etymology
.

Preposition

 * 1)  by
 * 2) because of; due to
 * 1) because of; due to

Conjunction

 * 1) though, although, even though

Etymology 1
From, from.

Adverb

 * 1) yes
 * 2) indeed

Usage notes

 * Used to express an affirmative answer to verbs in the preterite (simple past) tense.
 * In colloquial speech it can sometimes be heard as an answer to any question referring to the past (such as those in the perfect or pluperfect), but this is considered nonstandard.

Etymology 1
From, from , from , from.

Pronoun

 * 1)  you, thou; informal second-person singular pronoun

Etymology 2
From, from.

Noun

 * 1) pigeon, dove

Etymology 3
Borrowed from.

Noun

 * 1) do (musical note)

Verb

 * 1)  to find
 * 2)  to obtain, get hold of
 * 3)  to receive

Etymology 1
From do used in solfège to represent the first tonic of a major scale.

Noun

 * 1) The syllable used to represent the low-tone and its diacritic (`)

Verb

 * 1)  to fuck

Verb

 * 1)  to settle; to found a settlement
 * 2)  to colonise
 * 1)  to colonise
 * 1)  to colonise

Etymology
Related to 🇨🇬 and 🇨🇬.

Noun

 * 1) airan

Noun

 * 1) mecate, rope made of maguey or hair fiber