down

Etymology 1
From, from , aphetic form of , from. For the development from directional phrases to prepositions, compare, i.e. "down(wards)".

Adverb

 * 1)  From a higher position to a lower one; downwards.
 * 2) To or towards what is considered the bottom of something, irrespective of whether this is presently physically lower.
 * 3)  At a lower or further place or position along a set path.
 * 4) To the south (as south is at the bottom of typical maps).
 * 5) Away from the city (regardless of direction).
 * 6) * 1722,, , London: E. Nutt et al., p.12,
 * But then my Servant who I had intended to take down with me [ i.e. from London to Bedfordshire ], deceiv’d me;
 * 1) At or towards any place that is visualised as 'down' by virtue of local features or local convention, or arbitrarily, irrespective of direction or elevation change.
 * 2) Forward, straight ahead.
 * 3)  In the direction leading away from the principal terminus, away from milepost zero.
 * 4)  Away from Oxford or Cambridge.
 * 5) To a subordinate or less prestigious position or rank.
 * 6)  Towards the opponent's side (in ball-sports).
 * 7) So as to lessen quantity, level or intensity.
 * 8) So as to reduce size, weight or volume.
 * 9) From less to greater detail.
 * 10) From a remoter or higher antiquity.
 * 11) Into a state of non-operation.
 * 12) So as to secure or compress something to the floor, ground, or other (usually horizontal) surface.
 * 13) On paper (or in a durable record).
 * 14) As a down payment.
 * 15)  In a downwards direction; vertically.
 * 16)  Get down.
 * 1) Forward, straight ahead.
 * 2)  In the direction leading away from the principal terminus, away from milepost zero.
 * 3)  Away from Oxford or Cambridge.
 * 4) To a subordinate or less prestigious position or rank.
 * 5)  Towards the opponent's side (in ball-sports).
 * 6) So as to lessen quantity, level or intensity.
 * 7) So as to reduce size, weight or volume.
 * 8) From less to greater detail.
 * 9) From a remoter or higher antiquity.
 * 10) Into a state of non-operation.
 * 11) So as to secure or compress something to the floor, ground, or other (usually horizontal) surface.
 * 12) On paper (or in a durable record).
 * 13) As a down payment.
 * 14)  In a downwards direction; vertically.
 * 15)  Get down.
 * 1) So as to reduce size, weight or volume.
 * 2) From less to greater detail.
 * 3) From a remoter or higher antiquity.
 * 4) Into a state of non-operation.
 * 5) So as to secure or compress something to the floor, ground, or other (usually horizontal) surface.
 * 6) On paper (or in a durable record).
 * 7) As a down payment.
 * 8)  In a downwards direction; vertically.
 * 9)  Get down.
 * 1) From a remoter or higher antiquity.
 * 2) Into a state of non-operation.
 * 3) So as to secure or compress something to the floor, ground, or other (usually horizontal) surface.
 * 4) On paper (or in a durable record).
 * 5) As a down payment.
 * 6)  In a downwards direction; vertically.
 * 7)  Get down.
 * 1) On paper (or in a durable record).
 * 2) As a down payment.
 * 3)  In a downwards direction; vertically.
 * 4)  Get down.
 * 1)  In a downwards direction; vertically.
 * 2)  Get down.
 * 1)  In a downwards direction; vertically.
 * 2)  Get down.
 * 1)  Get down.
 * 1)  Get down.
 * 1)  Get down.
 * 1)  Get down.

Usage notes

 * Down can be used with verbs in ways that change the meaning of the verb in ways not entirely predictable from the meanings of the down and the verb, though related to them. See Category:English phrasal verbs with particle (down).

Translations

 * Arabic: ,
 * Aromanian: dighios
 * Asturian: abaxo
 * Azerbaijani:, aşağıya
 * Bashkir: аҫҡа, түбән
 * Belarusian: ўніз
 * Bulgarian: надолу
 * Catalan:
 * Chechen: охьа
 * Chinese:
 * Mandarin:
 * Cornish: war-nans
 * Czech:
 * Danish:, nedad
 * Dutch: ,
 * Esperanto: ,
 * Evenki: хэргиски
 * Faroese: niður, oman
 * Fijian:
 * Finnish: ,
 * French: ,
 * Friulian: jù
 * Galician:
 * Georgian:
 * German:,  ,
 * Gothic: 𐌳𐌰𐌻𐌰𐌸
 * Greek:
 * Ancient: κάτω
 * Hebrew:
 * Hindi: ,
 * Hungarian:
 * Icelandic:
 * Irish: síos, anuas
 * Italian: ,
 * Japanese:
 * Khmer:
 * Korean:,  ,
 * Kurdish:
 * Northern Kurdish: ,
 * Lao: ລົງ
 * Latin:, pessum
 * Latvian: lejā, uz leju, lejup
 * Lombard:
 * Low German: dal
 * Macedonian: надолу
 * Maltese: baxx, 'l isfel
 * Manx: sheese, neose
 * Maori: iho, ki raro
 * Marathi:
 * Navajo: yaago
 * Norwegian:
 * Occitan:
 * Old English: niþer
 * Persian:
 * Plautdietsch: rauf
 * Polabian: ardol
 * Polish: na dół,
 * Portuguese:, para baixo,
 * Punjabi: ਹੇਠਾਂ
 * Romanian:, în jos, spre-n jos
 * Russian: ,
 * Scots: doon
 * Scottish Gaelic: sìos, a-bhuas, a-bhàn, a-nuas
 * Slovak: dolu
 * Slovene:
 * Spanish:
 * Swahili:
 * Swedish: ,
 * Thai:
 * Tibetan:
 * Ukrainian: вниз, дони́зу, уни́з, доліли́ць, ниць
 * Urdu: نیچے
 * Venetian: xó, zó, xóxo, zóxo, dóxo, dho, abaso, dabaso, dabas
 * Vietnamese:
 * West Frisian: del
 * Yakut: аллара


 * Bulgarian:
 * Catalan: al sud
 * Czech: ,
 * Danish:
 * Dutch:
 * Esperanto: suden
 * Finnish:
 * French:
 * Galician:
 * Irish: suas
 * Japanese:
 * Korean:
 * Macedonian: југ
 * Maltese: isfel
 * Maori: tonga
 * Portuguese:
 * Romanian: la sud
 * Russian: ,
 * Scots: doon
 * Scottish Gaelic: deas
 * Slovene: južno
 * Ukrainian:,  , півде́нніше
 * Vietnamese:


 * Asturian: afuera
 * Catalan:
 * Czech:
 * Esperanto: malurben
 * Galician: afora
 * Korean:
 * Portuguese:
 * Russian: ,
 * Scottish Gaelic: a-mach
 * Ukrainian:, ,


 * Catalan: tot recte
 * German:
 * Russian:
 * Ukrainian: попе́реду, спе́реду, впере́д, упере́д


 * Japanese:


 * Asturian:
 * Catalan: fora de servei
 * Danish: nede
 * Dutch: ,
 * Finnish:
 * Galician:
 * Korean: ,
 * Maori: pakaru
 * Russian: вы́ключен
 * Scots: doon
 * Scottish Gaelic: sìos
 * Swahili:
 * Ukrainian: ви́мкнено


 * Catalan:
 * Finnish: pystysuoraan
 * Norwegian:
 * Bokmål: loddrett
 * Nynorsk: loddrett
 * Polish:
 * Russian:
 * Spanish:
 * Swedish:
 * Ukrainian: вертика́льно


 * Catalan:,  ,  ,
 * Finnish:
 * French:,  ,
 * Italian:
 * Russian:
 * Spanish:
 * Swahili:
 * Ukrainian: дони́зу, вниз, уни́з, додо́лу


 * Albanian:
 * Ido: ,
 * Indonesian:
 * Italian:
 * Kurdish:
 * Northern Kurdish: ,
 * Marathi:
 * Romanian:
 * Serbo-Croatian:
 * Spanish:


 * Asturian: debaxo
 * Belarusian: ўні́зе
 * Bulgarian: долу
 * Chickasaw: akka'
 * Cornish: war-woles
 * Czech:
 * Danish: nede
 * Fijian:
 * Finnish:, alempana
 * French:, en descendant
 * Galician:
 * German:
 * Hungarian:
 * Irish: thíos
 * Italian: giuso, verso il basso
 * Latvian: lejā
 * Macedonian: долу
 * Manx: heese
 * Maori: i raro,
 * Norwegian:
 * Old English: niþre
 * Polish:
 * Portuguese: ,
 * Romanian:
 * Russian: ,
 * Scots: doon
 * Scottish Gaelic: shìos, a-bhuas, a-bhàn
 * Slovak: dole
 * Sorbian:
 * Lower Sorbian: dołojce
 * Spanish: hacia abajo
 * Swahili:
 * Ukrainian: внизу́

Preposition

 * 1) From the higher end to the lower of.
 * 2) From north to south of.
 * 3) From one end to another of (in any direction); along.
 * 4)  At (a given place that is seen as removed from one's present location or other point of reference).
 * 1) From one end to another of (in any direction); along.
 * 2)  At (a given place that is seen as removed from one's present location or other point of reference).
 * 1)  At (a given place that is seen as removed from one's present location or other point of reference).
 * 1)  At (a given place that is seen as removed from one's present location or other point of reference).
 * 1)  At (a given place that is seen as removed from one's present location or other point of reference).

Translations

 * Arabic: ,
 * Egyptian Arabic: لحد, لغايت
 * Asturian:
 * Belarusian: уні́з
 * Bulgarian:
 * Catalan:
 * Danish: ned ad, hen ad
 * Dutch: ,
 * Esperanto: sub ...-n
 * Estonian:
 * Finnish: -n poikki
 * Galician:
 * German:
 * Greek: κάτω σε
 * Khmer:
 * Korean:
 * Mirandese:
 * Portuguese:, através de
 * Romanian:
 * Russian:, ,
 * Scots: doon
 * Scottish Gaelic: a-bhàn, sìos, le
 * Sikkimese:
 * Slovak:
 * Slovene:
 * Spanish:
 * Telugu:
 * Thai:
 * Ukrainian: уни́з, вниз, дони́зу, додо́лу
 * Volapük:
 * Welsh: i lawr, lawr
 * Yiddish: דורך

Adjective

 * 1) Facing downwards.
 * 2) At a lower level than before.
 * 3)  Sad, unhappy, depressed, feeling low.
 * 4) Sick, wounded, or damaged:
 * 5)  Sick or ill.
 * 6)  Wounded and unable to move normally, or killed.
 * 7)  Stranded in a recumbent position; unable to stand.
 * 8)  Mechanically failed, collided, shot down, or otherwise suddenly unable to fly.
 * 9)  Inoperable; out of order; out of service.
 * 10) Having a lower score than an opponent.
 * 11)  Out.
 * 12)   Negative about; hostile to.
 * 13)   Comfortable [with]; accepting [of]; okay [with].
 * 14)  Accepted, respected, or loyally participating in the (thug) community.
 * 15) Finished (of a task); defeated or dealt with (of an opponent or obstacle); elapsed (of time). Often coupled with to go (remaining).
 * 16) Thoroughly practiced, learned or memorised; mastered.
 * 17)  Downright; absolute; positive.
 * 18)  Fallen or felled.
 * 19) * 1935 (printed in 2009), Powell, Shenandoah Letters, 54:
 * Will you please let me get two loads of down wood.
 * 1)  Travelling in the direction leading away from the principal terminus, away from milepost zero.
 * 1)  Stranded in a recumbent position; unable to stand.
 * 2)  Mechanically failed, collided, shot down, or otherwise suddenly unable to fly.
 * 3)  Inoperable; out of order; out of service.
 * 4) Having a lower score than an opponent.
 * 5)  Out.
 * 6)   Negative about; hostile to.
 * 7)   Comfortable [with]; accepting [of]; okay [with].
 * 8)  Accepted, respected, or loyally participating in the (thug) community.
 * 9) Finished (of a task); defeated or dealt with (of an opponent or obstacle); elapsed (of time). Often coupled with to go (remaining).
 * 10) Thoroughly practiced, learned or memorised; mastered.
 * 11)  Downright; absolute; positive.
 * 12)  Fallen or felled.
 * 13) * 1935 (printed in 2009), Powell, Shenandoah Letters, 54:
 * Will you please let me get two loads of down wood.
 * 1)  Travelling in the direction leading away from the principal terminus, away from milepost zero.
 * 1)   Negative about; hostile to.
 * 2)   Comfortable [with]; accepting [of]; okay [with].
 * 3)  Accepted, respected, or loyally participating in the (thug) community.
 * 4) Finished (of a task); defeated or dealt with (of an opponent or obstacle); elapsed (of time). Often coupled with to go (remaining).
 * 5) Thoroughly practiced, learned or memorised; mastered.
 * 6)  Downright; absolute; positive.
 * 7)  Fallen or felled.
 * 8) * 1935 (printed in 2009), Powell, Shenandoah Letters, 54:
 * Will you please let me get two loads of down wood.
 * 1)  Travelling in the direction leading away from the principal terminus, away from milepost zero.
 * 1)  Accepted, respected, or loyally participating in the (thug) community.
 * 2) Finished (of a task); defeated or dealt with (of an opponent or obstacle); elapsed (of time). Often coupled with to go (remaining).
 * 3) Thoroughly practiced, learned or memorised; mastered.
 * 4)  Downright; absolute; positive.
 * 5)  Fallen or felled.
 * 6) * 1935 (printed in 2009), Powell, Shenandoah Letters, 54:
 * Will you please let me get two loads of down wood.
 * 1)  Travelling in the direction leading away from the principal terminus, away from milepost zero.
 * 1) Thoroughly practiced, learned or memorised; mastered.
 * 2)  Downright; absolute; positive.
 * 3)  Fallen or felled.
 * 4) * 1935 (printed in 2009), Powell, Shenandoah Letters, 54:
 * Will you please let me get two loads of down wood.
 * 1)  Travelling in the direction leading away from the principal terminus, away from milepost zero.
 * 1)  Fallen or felled.
 * 2) * 1935 (printed in 2009), Powell, Shenandoah Letters, 54:
 * Will you please let me get two loads of down wood.
 * 1)  Travelling in the direction leading away from the principal terminus, away from milepost zero.
 * Will you please let me get two loads of down wood.
 * 1)  Travelling in the direction leading away from the principal terminus, away from milepost zero.
 * 1)  Travelling in the direction leading away from the principal terminus, away from milepost zero.

Usage notes
In many senses, using this adjective in an attributive position (before the noun) is avoided in everyday Standard English:

Compare a synonym,, which can be used either predicatively or attributively:
 * (both acceptable)

In certain specialised uses (such as the veterinary medicine, timber and rail transport senses), there is no avoidance of the attributive placement, which is used freely.

Translations

 * Catalan:
 * Danish:, nedadgående, aftagende
 * Dutch:
 * Esperanto: malsupra, suba
 * Finnish: alempana
 * Galician:
 * German:
 * Macedonian: намален
 * Portuguese:
 * Russian:
 * Thai:
 * Ukrainian: зни́жений


 * Catalan: ,
 * Danish: langt nede, nede, deprimeret
 * Dutch:, ,
 * Finnish: ,
 * French:
 * Galician:
 * German:
 * Macedonian: потиштен, тажен
 * Malay:, murung
 * Portuguese: ,
 * Romanian: ,
 * Russian: ,
 * Scots: dowie
 * Swedish:
 * Ukrainian: пригні́чений, журбе́нний, зажу́рений, сумни́й, сумови́тий, сумува́тий, журни́й


 * Finnish: alempana


 * Hungarian:


 * Finnish:
 * French: ,
 * Hungarian: nem működik, nem üzemel, üzemen kívül van
 * Korean:
 * Portuguese:
 * Ukrainian: зла́маний,


 * Esperanto:, ,
 * Italian:
 * Kurdish:
 * Northern Kurdish: ,
 * Spanish:

Verb

 * 1)  To knock (someone or something) down; to cause to come down; to fell.
 * 2)  Specifically, to cause (something in the air) to fall to the ground; to bring down (with a missile etc.).
 * 3)  To lower; to put (something) down.
 * 4)  To defeat; to overpower.
 * 5)  To disparage; to put down.
 * 6)  To go or come down; to descend.
 * 7)  To drink or swallow, especially without stopping before the vessel containing the liquid is empty.
 * 8)  To render (the ball) dead, typically by touching the ground while in possession.
 * 9)  To sink (a ball) into a hole or pocket.
 * 1)  To disparage; to put down.
 * 2)  To go or come down; to descend.
 * 3)  To drink or swallow, especially without stopping before the vessel containing the liquid is empty.
 * 4)  To render (the ball) dead, typically by touching the ground while in possession.
 * 5)  To sink (a ball) into a hole or pocket.
 * 1)  To drink or swallow, especially without stopping before the vessel containing the liquid is empty.
 * 2)  To render (the ball) dead, typically by touching the ground while in possession.
 * 3)  To sink (a ball) into a hole or pocket.
 * 1)  To render (the ball) dead, typically by touching the ground while in possession.
 * 2)  To sink (a ball) into a hole or pocket.
 * 1)  To sink (a ball) into a hole or pocket.

Synonyms

 * See also Thesaurus:drink

Translations

 * Danish:, hælde ned
 * Dutch:, ,
 * Esperanto: trinkegi
 * Finnish:
 * French:
 * German:, runterkippen, ,
 * Hungarian: ,
 * Kurdish:
 * Northern Kurdish:, , ,  , ,
 * Macedonian: пие на екс
 * Malay:
 * Portuguese:
 * Russian: вы́пить за́лпом
 * Scottish Gaelic: sguab às
 * Slovene:
 * Ukrainian: хиля́ти
 * Vietnamese:


 * Dutch:
 * Finnish:
 * German:


 * Arabic:
 * Danish: tabe, lade falde
 * Dutch: ,
 * Finnish:
 * French:
 * German: fallen lassen
 * Kurdish:
 * Northern Kurdish:, , ,
 * Russian:,  ,
 * Ukrainian: впуска́ти, упуска́ти, впусти́ти, упусти́ти

Noun

 * 1) A negative aspect; a downer, a downside.
 * 2)  A grudge ( someone).
 * 3) An act of swallowing an entire drink at once.
 * 4)  A single play, from the time the ball is snapped (the start) to the time the whistle is blown (the end) when the ball is down, or is downed.
 * 5)  A clue whose solution runs vertically in the grid.
 * 6) A downstairs room of a two-story house.
 * 7) Down payment.
 * 8) The lightest quark with a charge number of &minus;$1/3$.
 * 1) A downstairs room of a two-story house.
 * 2) Down payment.
 * 3) The lightest quark with a charge number of &minus;⇭⇭⇭.
 * 1) Down payment.
 * 2) The lightest quark with a charge number of &minus;⇭⇭⇭.

Translations

 * Catalan:
 * Dutch:, ,

Etymology 2
From, from , from , of. Perhaps from, , from. Alternatively, perhaps borrowed from (compare 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬), from. Cognate with 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬. More at ; akin to. .

Noun

 * 1)  A hill; in England, especially a chalk hill.
 * 2)  A field, especially one used for horse racing.
 * 3)  A tract of poor, sandy, undulating or hilly land near the sea, covered with fine turf which serves chiefly for the grazing of sheep.
 * 1)  A field, especially one used for horse racing.
 * 2)  A tract of poor, sandy, undulating or hilly land near the sea, covered with fine turf which serves chiefly for the grazing of sheep.
 * 1)  A field, especially one used for horse racing.
 * 2)  A tract of poor, sandy, undulating or hilly land near the sea, covered with fine turf which serves chiefly for the grazing of sheep.
 * 1)  A field, especially one used for horse racing.
 * 2)  A tract of poor, sandy, undulating or hilly land near the sea, covered with fine turf which serves chiefly for the grazing of sheep.

Translations

 * Cornish: goon
 * Danish: højdedrag
 * Dutch:
 * Finnish:
 * German:
 * Greek:
 * Macedonian: ритче
 * Portuguese:
 * Russian:, безле́сая возвы́шенность
 * Ukrainian: па́горб


 * Danish: bane
 * Dutch: ,
 * Finnish:
 * Hindi:
 * Persian:
 * Ukrainian: іподро́м


 * Italian:
 * Spanish:

Etymology 3
From, from , from , which is related to , from , from the root.

Cognate with 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬 and 🇨🇬.

Noun

 * 1)  Soft, fluffy immature feathers which grow on young birds. Used as insulating material in duvets, sleeping bags and jackets.
 * 2)   The pubescence of plants; the hairy crown or envelope of the seeds of certain plants, such as the thistle.
 * 3) The soft hair of the face when beginning to appear.
 * 4) That which is made of down, as a bed or pillow; that which affords ease and repose, like a bed of down.
 * 1) The soft hair of the face when beginning to appear.
 * 2) That which is made of down, as a bed or pillow; that which affords ease and repose, like a bed of down.
 * 1) That which is made of down, as a bed or pillow; that which affords ease and repose, like a bed of down.
 * 1) That which is made of down, as a bed or pillow; that which affords ease and repose, like a bed of down.

Translations

 * Arabic: زَغَب
 * Armenian: ,
 * Bashkir: мамыҡ
 * Breton:, dum
 * Bulgarian: пух, мъх
 * Catalan: plomissol, plomís,
 * Chinese:
 * Mandarin:
 * Cornish: manbluv
 * Czech: chmýří
 * Danish:
 * Dutch:
 * Esperanto: lanugo
 * Finnish:
 * French:
 * Galician:, froxel,
 * Georgian: ღინღლი
 * German:
 * Greek:
 * Ancient: λάχνη, μνοῦς
 * Greenlandic: qivioq
 * Hawaiian: heu
 * Hungarian:, ,
 * Icelandic: dúnn
 * Irish: clúmh
 * Italian:
 * Japanese:, ,
 * Korean:
 * Macedonian: паперје, мов
 * Maori: hune
 * Norwegian:
 * Bokmål:
 * Nynorsk: dun
 * Ottoman Turkish: توی
 * Polish:
 * Portuguese:
 * Romanian:
 * Russian: ,
 * Scots: doon
 * Scottish Gaelic: clòimh, clòimhteach
 * Slovak: páperie
 * Slovene: puh
 * Spanish:
 * Swedish:
 * Thai:
 * Tibetan: བྱ་སྤུ
 * Turkish:, ,
 * Tày: khuôn búa, khuôn buốt
 * Ukrainian: пух
 * Volapük:
 * Welsh: manblu


 * Arabic: زَغَب
 * Catalan:
 * Hawaiian: heu
 * Hungarian:, , bolyhosság,
 * Italian: pubescenza
 * Latin: lānūgō
 * Maori: tāhuna, tāhune, tāhunga
 * Norwegian:
 * Bokmål:
 * Nynorsk: dun
 * Romanian:
 * Ukrainian: пух
 * Welsh: manflew, goflew


 * Arabic: زَغَب
 * Breton: marblev
 * Esperanto: lanugo
 * French:
 * Georgian: ღინღლი
 * Greek:
 * Ancient: ἴουλος
 * Hungarian:
 * Latin: lānūgō
 * Portuguese:
 * Romanian: ,
 * Spanish:, ,
 * Turkish:
 * Ukrainian: пух, пушо́к
 * Welsh: manflew, blewiach

Verb

 * 1)  To cover, ornament, line, or stuff with down.

Etymology 1
From.

Adjective

 * 1)  sad; depressed

Verb

 * 1)  to be sad; to be depressed

Etymology 2
From.

Verb

 * 1)  to be out of service

Etymology 3
From clipping of.

Verb

 * 1)  to download

Etymology
Borrowed from.

Adjective

 * , depressed

Etymology
From.

Adjective

 * , depressed
 * , not online
 * , defeated, without health left

Etymology
.

Noun

 * 1)  Down syndrome

Noun

 * 1)  Downie
 * 2)  dip, dumbhead, dumb cluck, dummkopf, hammerhead, ignorant