elder

Etymology 1
From, from , , , from. The vowel change from a to e triggered by the following i is called umlaut or I-mutation.

Adjective

 * : older, greater than another in age or seniority.
 * The elder of the two was also an elder statesman

Usage notes

 * The normal comparative of old is . The irregular form is sometimes used with family members, but is otherwise rare (except in fixed expressions such as elder statesman). Elder is generally limited to attributive position  and does not occur in predicative position (*my brother is elder). This also implies that elder cannot be followed by.

Synonyms

 * ,, ; see also Thesaurus:elderly

Translations

 * Arabic: كَابِر
 * Armenian:
 * Belarusian: ста́ршыl
 * Bulgarian: по-възрастен
 * Catalan: ,
 * Chinese:
 * Mandarin:
 * Cornish: kottha
 * Czech:
 * Danish:
 * Dutch:
 * Esperanto: pli maljuna, pliaĝa
 * Finnish:
 * French:
 * Georgian: უფროსი
 * German:
 * Hungarian:
 * Indonesian: lebih tua
 * Italian:
 * Japanese: ,
 * Kyrgyz:
 * Latin:
 * Magahi: 𑂇𑂧𑂱𑂩𑂏𑂩, 𑂥𑂚
 * Malayalam: ,
 * Maori: kaumātua
 * Old English: ealdor
 * Old Saxon: aldāri
 * Persian: ,
 * Polish:
 * Portuguese: mais velho, mais idoso, mais antigo
 * Quechua: kuraq
 * Russian:
 * Slovak: starší
 * Slovene:
 * Spanish:, adulto mayor
 * Swedish:
 * Turkish: ,
 * Ukrainian: ста́рший
 * Vietnamese:
 * Welsh:, henach
 * Zazaki: kerxiyaye, zêde khal

Noun

 * 1) A leader of a community, of great age or seniority.
 * 2)  An old person.
 * 3)  One who is older than another.
 * 4) One who lived at an earlier period; a predecessor.
 * 5) An officer of a church, sometimes having teaching responsibilities.
 * 6) A clergyman authorized to administer all the sacraments.
 * 7)  An older Indigenous person respected as an authority figure, especially when in a counselling, consultative, or ceremonial role.
 * 8)  One ordained to the lowest office in the Melchizedek priesthood.
 * 9)  A male missionary.
 * 10)  Title for a male missionary; title for a general authority.
 * 11)  A pagan or Heathen priest or priestess.
 * 1)  An older Indigenous person respected as an authority figure, especially when in a counselling, consultative, or ceremonial role.
 * 2)  One ordained to the lowest office in the Melchizedek priesthood.
 * 3)  A male missionary.
 * 4)  Title for a male missionary; title for a general authority.
 * 5)  A pagan or Heathen priest or priestess.
 * 1)  A male missionary.
 * 2)  Title for a male missionary; title for a general authority.
 * 3)  A pagan or Heathen priest or priestess.
 * 1)  Title for a male missionary; title for a general authority.
 * 2)  A pagan or Heathen priest or priestess.
 * 1)  A pagan or Heathen priest or priestess.

Synonyms

 * ,, ; see also Thesaurus:old person
 * , ; see also Thesaurus:predecessor

Translations

 * Catalan:
 * Chinese:
 * Dungan: лохан
 * Mandarin:, 耆英
 * Cornish: henavek, henavoges
 * Czech:
 * Esperanto:
 * Finnish: ; kylänvanhin
 * French: ,
 * Galician:
 * Georgian: ხევისბერი, ერისთავი, წინამძღოლი
 * German: ,
 * Hungarian:
 * Icelandic: öldungur
 * Indonesian:
 * Ingrian: staarosta
 * Irish: sinsear, foirfeach
 * Japanese: ,
 * Korean:
 * Latin:
 * Luhya: omulosi
 * Macedonian: старешина
 * Maori: pēperekōu, tūnohunohu, kaumātua
 * Meru: mukoru
 * Ottoman Turkish: قوجه
 * Persian: دادمه
 * Portuguese: ,
 * Russian: ,
 * Scottish Gaelic: èildear, foirfeach
 * Serbo-Croatian:
 * Slovene: starešina, starosta
 * Spanish:
 * Swahili:
 * Tajik:
 * Thai: ผู้อาวุโส, ผู้สูงอายุ
 * Welsh: hynafgwr, henuriad


 * Afrikaans:
 * Albanian:
 * Cahuilla: 'a'aviva
 * Catalan:
 * Esperanto:, grandaĝulo
 * Finnish:
 * French: ,
 * Galician: ,
 * German: ,
 * Greek:
 * Ancient: πρεσβύτης
 * Hungarian: idős/idősebb ember
 * Indonesian: ,
 * Korean:
 * Latin:
 * Ottoman Turkish: قوجه
 * Russian:, пожило́й челове́к
 * Spanish: ,
 * Tarifit: awessar, tawessart
 * Ukrainian:, лі́тня


 * Esperanto: pliaĝulo
 * Finnish:
 * Galician:
 * German: Älterer, Ältere
 * Hungarian: (nála) idősebb
 * Maori: muanga
 * Spanish:


 * Afrikaans: voorouer
 * Albanian:
 * Belarusian: продак
 * Bengali:
 * Chinese:
 * Mandarin:
 * Esperanto: antikvulo
 * Finnish: ,
 * German: ,
 * Hungarian:
 * Spanish:


 * Dutch:
 * Finnish:
 * Greek:
 * Ancient: πρεσβύτης
 * Hungarian:
 * Japanese:
 * Plautdietsch: Eltesta
 * Russian:
 * Scottish Gaelic: èildear
 * Swahili:
 * Welsh: blaenor


 * Finnish:


 * German:
 * Greek:


 * German: Elder
 * Greek:


 * Chinese:
 * Mandarin:
 * Finnish:
 * German: Elder
 * Japanese:
 * Russian:
 * Swahili:

Verb

 * 1)  To admonish or reprove for improper conduct by the elders of the meeting.

Etymology 2
From, , from , from , (compare Low German , ).

Noun

 * 1)  A small tree,, having white flowers in a cluster, and edible purple berries.
 * 2)  Any of the other species of the genus : small trees, shrubs or herbaceous perennials with red, purple, or white/yellow berries (some of which are poisonous).
 * 1)  Any of the other species of the genus : small trees, shrubs or herbaceous perennials with red, purple, or white/yellow berries (some of which are poisonous).

Translations

 * Albanian:
 * Arabic:
 * Armenian: սեւ կտտկենի,, արջի խնդեղնի, փորքիչ
 * Aromanian: sug
 * Basque: intsusa beltz
 * Bulgarian: бъз
 * Catalan: saüc
 * Chinese:
 * Mandarin: 西洋接骨木
 * Cornish: skawen
 * Czech:
 * Danish: hyld, hyldetræ, hyldebusk
 * Erzya: сазаргуло
 * Faroese: ylliniviður
 * Finnish:, mustaheisi
 * Franco-Provençal: savuc
 * French:
 * Friulian: saût, savût
 * Galician: ,
 * Georgian: დუდგულა, ხეკრო, გულყრუ, გულყურო, ანწლი, ხეღრუე, ხეყრუა, ხრეკოლა, ხრიკოლა, ხელთოფა, თხიფსელა, სართოფელა, ყრუა ხე
 * German:, Schwarzer Holunder, ,
 * Greek: ακτέα
 * Ancient: ἀκτέα
 * Hungarian:
 * Icelandic: svartyllir
 * Irish: trom
 * Italian:
 * Japanese: 西洋接骨木
 * Latin: sambucus
 * Laz: კამპაა, კამპარა, ტოპტოპი
 * Limburgish: äölentäöl
 * Manx: tramman
 * Mingrelian: თახვანტია, თახვანტიაშ ჯა, ხინთობალაში ჯა, ინჭირაია, ჩვაჩვაბე, ჩიჩვაბი, გეყრუაჲ, თვეფილა, თოფრა
 * Nivkh: ӄʼоӻӈи
 * Norwegian:
 * Bokmål: svarthyll
 * Nynorsk: svarthyll
 * Persian: ,
 * Polish:
 * Portuguese: ,
 * Romanian:
 * Russian:, чёрная бузина́
 * Sardinian: sabucu, sambucu, saucu, savucu
 * Scots: bourtree
 * Scottish Gaelic: droman, dromanach
 * Sicilian: savucu
 * Slovene: črni bezeg,
 * Sorbian:
 * Lower Sorbian: baz
 * Spanish:
 * Svan: გეყრუჲ, თვეფილა, თოფრა
 * Swedish:
 * Turkish: poḫpetin
 * Ukrainian:
 * Venetian: saugo, sanbugo, sambuc, saugaro, saugar
 * Walloon:, , ,
 * Welsh: ysgaw


 * Arabic: خَمَان
 * Armenian: կտտկենի, ,
 * Azerbaijani:
 * Basque:
 * Belarusian: бузіна́
 * Catalan: saüc
 * Chinese:
 * Cantonese: 接骨木
 * Mandarin:
 * Czech: ,
 * Danish: hyld
 * Dutch:
 * Faroese: ylliniviður
 * Finnish:, saksanheisi
 * French:
 * German:, ,
 * Hungarian:
 * Icelandic: yllir
 * Japanese:
 * Judeo-Tat: kongoluş
 * Kazakh: аюбадам
 * Kurdish:
 * Northern Kurdish: darek nizim
 * Latin: sambūcus
 * Limburgish: äölentäöl
 * Lithuanian: šeivamedis
 * Low German:
 * German Low German: ellhoorn, goosfleder
 * Norwegian:
 * Bokmål: hyll
 * Nynorsk: hyll
 * Polabian: båz
 * Polish:
 * Portuguese:
 * Romanian:
 * Russian:
 * Serbo-Croatian:
 * Cyrillic: ба̀зга, зо́ва
 * Roman: ,
 * Slovene:
 * Sorbian:
 * Lower Sorbian: baz
 * Spanish:
 * Talysh: әлел, шунд, шутун, qandalaş
 * Turkish:
 * Udi: гъуджа, къуджа, гандалаш
 * Ukrainian:


 * Albanian:
 * Ido:
 * Italian:
 * Swahili:
 * Turkish:

Etymology 3
Perhaps from, from. Cognate with dialectal 🇨🇬.

Noun

 * 1) A cow's udder, especially used as food.

Noun

 * 1) slime

Etymology
From, from.

Noun

 * 1) fire
 * 2) a skin disease - possibly erysipelas