empiricism

Noun

 * 1)  Medicine as practised by an empiric, founded on mere experience, without the aid of science or a knowledge of principles; folk medicine, quackery.
 * 2) * 1990, Alison Klairmont Lingo, "Review of Professional and Popular Medicine in France, 1770-1830 by Matthew Ramsey," Journal of Social History, vol. 23, no. 3 (Spring), p. 607:
 * Even at the height of its popularity, medical empiricism was the creature of a most unforgiving free market economy. Successful practitioners seduced crowds as well as public officials.
 * 1)  A doctrine which holds that the only or, at least, the most reliable source of human knowledge is experience, especially perception by means of the physical senses. (Often contrasted with rationalism.)
 * 2) A pursuit of knowledge purely through experience, especially by means of observation and sometimes by experimentation.
 * 3) * 1885, Gerard F. Cobb, "Musical Psychics," Proceedings of the Musical Association, 11th Session, p. 119:
 * Our whole life in some of its highest and most important aspects is simply empiricism. Empiricism is only another word for experience.
 * 1) * 1951, Albert Einstein, letter to Maurice Solovine (Jan. 1), in Letters to Solovine:
 * I have found no better expression than "religious" for confidence in the rational nature of reality.... Whenever this feeling is absent, science degenerates into uninspired empiricism.
 * 1)  used to describe research based on methodology shaped from empirical philosophy (see above), e.g. surveys, statistics, etc.
 * Our whole life in some of its highest and most important aspects is simply empiricism. Empiricism is only another word for experience.
 * 1) * 1951, Albert Einstein, letter to Maurice Solovine (Jan. 1), in Letters to Solovine:
 * I have found no better expression than "religious" for confidence in the rational nature of reality.... Whenever this feeling is absent, science degenerates into uninspired empiricism.
 * 1)  used to describe research based on methodology shaped from empirical philosophy (see above), e.g. surveys, statistics, etc.
 * 1)  used to describe research based on methodology shaped from empirical philosophy (see above), e.g. surveys, statistics, etc.

Translations

 * German: ,
 * Polish:


 * Bulgarian:
 * Catalan:
 * Chinese:
 * Mandarin: ,
 * Czech: empirismus
 * Finnish:
 * French:
 * German:
 * Greek:, εμπειριοκρατία
 * Hindi: अनुभववाद, इंद्रियानुभववाद
 * Icelandic: reynsluhyggja, raunhyggja
 * Japanese: 経験論, 経験主義
 * Kazakh: эмпиризм
 * Korean: 경험론(經驗論)
 * Polish:, aposterioryzm
 * Portuguese:
 * Romanian:
 * Russian:
 * Swedish:
 * Tamil: பட்டறிவியம்
 * Thai: ประสบการณ์นิยม
 * Ukrainian: емпіризм
 * Vietnamese: chủ nghĩa kinh nghiệm (主義經驗)


 * Greek:
 * Ancient: ἐμπειρῐκή
 * Latin: empīricē