già

Etymology
From, from , cognate with 🇨🇬. Related to 🇨🇬,, 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬. More at,.

Adverb

 * 1) already, yet
 * 2) as early as
 * 3) former, ex-
 * 4)  yes, yeah
 * 5) an expletive, a word that adds to the strength of a phrase without affecting its meaning and is usually left untranslated
 * 1)  yes, yeah
 * 2) an expletive, a word that adds to the strength of a phrase without affecting its meaning and is usually left untranslated
 * 1)  yes, yeah
 * 2) an expletive, a word that adds to the strength of a phrase without affecting its meaning and is usually left untranslated

Etymology
From, from ~.

Attested in the Dictionarium Annamiticum Lusitanum et Latinum (1651), a dictionary based chiefly on the Northern dialects.

The Middle Vietnamese form ancestral to the modern Southern Vietnamese form, although technically unattested, should be phonologically identical to the Northern Middle Vietnamese form here. The modern Southern form is listed as a "descendant" in this entry for convenience.

The modern North Central form is not a reflex of this form, but from an earlier from that underwent a separate development of the onset.

Adjective

 * 1)  old
 * 2) overripe, mature
 * 1) overripe, mature
 * 1) overripe, mature
 * 1) overripe, mature
 * 1) overripe, mature
 * 1) overripe, mature
 * 1) overripe, mature
 * 1) overripe, mature
 * 1) overripe, mature
 * 1) overripe, mature
 * 1) overripe, mature

Descendants

 * Northern Vietnamese:
 * Southern Vietnamese:

Etymology
From, from , from ~. Cognate with 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬 [Cuối Chăm] kʰraː¹, 🇨🇬. Compare also Nghệ An/Hà Tĩnh dialects.

The standard written Vietnamese form is irregular (the expected form would be **sa), while the North Central form shows the shift from to  observable in several other instances: compare  and,  and. See, for other instances of mainstream Vietnamese ‹gi› from initial *k-r.

Adjective

 * 1)  old; compare
 * 2) having the characteristics of appearances of an old person although not that old
 * 3) veteran, experienced, longtime
 * 4) overripe
 * 5) above average, more than normal
 * 6) slightly excessive, over
 * 1) veteran, experienced, longtime
 * 2) overripe
 * 3) above average, more than normal
 * 4) slightly excessive, over
 * 1) overripe
 * 2) above average, more than normal
 * 3) slightly excessive, over
 * 1) above average, more than normal
 * 2) slightly excessive, over
 * 1) above average, more than normal
 * 2) slightly excessive, over
 * 1) slightly excessive, over
 * 1) slightly excessive, over
 * 1) slightly excessive, over

Pronoun

 * 1)  I/me/you, a village/tribe elder or elderly person

Noun

 * 1)  elder, old person
 * 2)  king