graft

Etymology 1
From, from , from , from , from ; probably akin to 🇨🇬. So named from the resemblance of a scion or shoot to a pointed pencil. . Compare,.

Noun

 * 1)  A small shoot or scion of a tree inserted in another tree, the stock of which is to support and nourish it. The two unite and become one tree, but the graft determines the kind of fruit.
 * 2)  A branch or portion of a tree growing from such a shoot.
 * 3)  A portion of living tissue used in the operation of autoplasty.

Translations

 * Arabic:
 * Andalusian Arabic: قرة
 * Assamese: কলম
 * Bulgarian: калем, присад
 * Catalan:
 * Chinese:
 * Mandarin:
 * Czech: roub
 * Dutch:
 * Finnish:
 * French: ,
 * Galician: puga, esgallo, enxerto
 * German: Pfropfreis
 * Greek:
 * Hungarian: ,
 * Indonesian:, ,
 * Irish: beangán
 * Italian: (1),
 * Latin: clāvula
 * Luxembourgish: Praff
 * Norman: ente, greffe
 * Norwegian:
 * Bokmål:
 * Nynorsk: pode
 * Occitan: ,
 * Portuguese:
 * Romanian:
 * Russian:
 * Serbo-Croatian:
 * Cyrillic: ка̀лем
 * Roman:
 * Slovak: štep
 * Spanish:, empelte
 * Swedish: ,
 * Turkish:


 * Catalan:
 * Dutch:
 * Finnish:
 * French:
 * Galician: enxerto
 * Hungarian:
 * Indonesian: hasil pencangkokan
 * Irish: beangán
 * Norman: ente, greffe
 * Occitan: ,
 * Portuguese:
 * Russian:
 * Slovak: štep
 * Spanish:
 * Swedish:


 * Catalan:
 * Cimbrian: bröol
 * Dutch: transplantaat
 * Finnish:, siirrännäinen
 * French:
 * Galician: enxerto
 * German: Transplantat
 * Hungarian: átültetett szövet
 * Italian:
 * Latin: insertio, insitum
 * Norman: greffe
 * Occitan:, , transplant
 * Portuguese:
 * Romanian:
 * Russian:
 * Serbo-Croatian:
 * Cyrillic: трансплантат
 * Roman: transplantat
 * Spanish:
 * Swedish: transplantat
 * Turkish:

Verb

 * 1)  To insert (a graft) in a branch or stem of another tree; to propagate by insertion in another stock; also, to insert a graft upon.
 * 2)  To insert scions (grafts) from one tree, or kind of tree, etc., into another; to practice grafting.
 * 3)  To implant a portion of (living flesh or akin) in a lesion so as to form an organic union.
 * 4)  To join (one thing) to another as if by grafting, so as to bring about a close union.
 * 5)  To cover, as a ring bolt, block strap, splicing, etc., with a weaving of small cord or rope yarns.
 * 6)  To form a graft polymer
 * 1)  To cover, as a ring bolt, block strap, splicing, etc., with a weaving of small cord or rope yarns.
 * 2)  To form a graft polymer

Synonyms

 * ,, , , ; see also Thesaurus:join

Derived terms

 * graft the forked tree

Translations

 * Albanian:
 * Armenian:
 * Bulgarian: ,
 * Catalan:
 * Czech: roubovat
 * Dutch:
 * Finnish:
 * Galician: enxertar
 * German:
 * Greek:
 * Italian:
 * Japanese:
 * Norwegian:
 * Bokmål:
 * Nynorsk: pode, pote
 * Occitan:, ensertar
 * Old English: impian
 * Persian:
 * Piedmontese: enté
 * Polish: ,
 * Portuguese:
 * Romanian:
 * Russian: ,
 * Serbo-Croatian:
 * Cyrillic: ка̀лемити, нака̀лемити
 * Roman: ,
 * Slovak: zaštepiť
 * Spanish:
 * Swedish:
 * Telugu: అంటుకట్టు
 * Turkish:


 * Catalan:
 * Dutch:
 * Finnish: tehdä elinsiirto
 * German:
 * Occitan: ensertar,, transplantar
 * Persian:
 * Portuguese:
 * Russian:
 * Spanish:
 * Swedish:


 * Dutch:
 * Finnish:
 * Occitan: ensertar,
 * Portuguese:


 * Dutch:
 * Finnish:
 * Galician: enxertar
 * German:
 * Hungarian:
 * Italian:
 * Norwegian:
 * Bokmål:
 * Nynorsk: pode, pote
 * Portuguese:
 * Swedish:
 * Turkish:


 * Finnish:

Etymology 2
From, from. The contemporary senses “depth of digging blade” and “narrow spade” may have a separate history, but this is uncertain. Compare 🇨🇬. Attested from the 17th century.

Noun

 * 1)  A ditch, a canal.
 * 2) The depth of the blade of a digging tool such as a spade or shovel.
 * 3) A narrow spade used in digging drainage trenches.
 * 1) A narrow spade used in digging drainage trenches.

Etymology 3
. Some lexicographers suggest an extended use of Etymology 2, above, expanding from “digging” to work more generally, and from there to dishonest work. Others, however, suggest an extension from Etymology 1, shifting from “a shoot or scion” to the notion of corruption through the idea of.

Noun

 * 1)  Corruption in official life.
 * 2)  Illicit profit by corrupt means, especially in public life.
 * 3)  A criminal’s special branch of practice.
 * 4)  A con job.
 * 5)  A cut of the take (money).
 * 6)  A bribe, especially on an ongoing basis.
 * 7)  Work; labor requiring effort.
 * 8)  A job or trade.
 * 1)  A job or trade.
 * 1)  A job or trade.
 * 1)  A job or trade.

Translations

 * Armenian:
 * Bulgarian:
 * Dutch:
 * Finnish:
 * French:
 * Occitan:
 * Russian: ,


 * Finnish: voiteluraha


 * Dutch:, ,
 * Occitan: ,
 * Russian:


 * Finnish:
 * Portuguese:


 * Dutch:, ,
 * Finnish:
 * Slovak: podiel


 * Bulgarian:
 * Dutch:
 * Finnish: voiteluraha
 * Maori: utu whakapati
 * Portuguese:
 * Slovak: úplatok


 * Dutch:
 * Finnish:
 * Maori: whakarīrā

Verb

 * 1)  To work hard.
 * 2) To obtain illegal gain from bribery or similar corrupt practices.

Derived terms

 * (“grifter”)

Etymology
Borrowed from.