hajduk

Etymology
From, plural of. The Hungarian word may derive from which meant “(cattle) drover”. In 16th century Hungary, cattle driving was an important and dangerous occupation and drovers traveled armed. Some of them ended up as bandits or retainers in the service of local landowners and many may have become soldiers. In any case, the term hajduk came to be used in the 16th century to describe irregular soldiers. There is probably an etymological link between and the Turkish word  which was used by the Ottomans to describe Hungarian infantry soldiers and has the sense 'outlaw, robber' in modern Turkish usage, though it is not clear whether the word travelled from Hungarian to Turkish or vice versa.

Noun

 * 1)  An outlaw, highwayman, or freedom fighter in the Balkans.
 * 2)  A mercenary foot soldier in Hungary.
 * 3)  A halberdier of a Hungarian noble.
 * 4)  An attendant in German or Hungarian courts.

Alternative forms
A large number of forms are attested, many influenced by the spellings which languages other than Hungarian used. The three most common forms are hayduk, hajduk and haiduk. In order from (roughly) most common to least common, other attested forms include:


 * hayduck
 * heyduk
 * heiduk
 * haiduc
 * heiduck
 * heyduc
 * heyduke
 * haidouk
 * heydut, heiduc, and other uncommon forms

Translations

 * Albanian: hajduku
 * Armenian:
 * Bulgarian:
 * Dutch: heiduk
 * Finnish:
 * French:
 * Georgian: ჰაიდუკი
 * German:
 * Italian:
 * Kurdish:
 * Northern Kurdish: hejduk
 * Macedonian: ајдук, ајдут
 * Ottoman Turkish: حیدود
 * Polish:
 * Portuguese: haiduque
 * Romanian:
 * Russian:
 * Serbo-Croatian:
 * Cyrillic: хајдук
 * Roman:
 * Spanish:, haiduqe
 * Turkish:
 * Ukrainian: гайду́к, гайдама́ка


 * Dutch: heiduk
 * Finnish:
 * Georgian: ჰაიდუკი
 * German:
 * Hungarian:
 * Latin: hajdo
 * Ottoman Turkish: حیدود
 * Polish:
 * Slovak: hajdúch

Etymology
.

Noun

 * 1) hajdútánc

Etymology
From.

Noun

 * 1) brigand, outlaw