proof

Etymology
From, from , from , from ; see ; compare also the doublet.

Noun

 * 1)  An effort, process, or operation designed to establish or discover a fact or truth; an act of testing; a test; a trial.
 * 2) * 1591, Edmund Spenser, Prosopopoia: or, Mother Hubbard's Tale, later also published in William Michael Rossetti, Humorous Poems,
 * But the false Fox most kindly played his part,
 * For whatsoever mother-wit or art
 * Could work he put in proof. No practice sly,
 * No counterpoint of cunning policy,
 * No reach, no breach, that might him profit bring.
 * But he the same did to his purpose wring.
 * 1)  The degree of evidence which convinces the mind of any truth or fact, and produces belief; a test by facts or arguments which induce, or tend to induce, certainty of the judgment; conclusive evidence; demonstration.
 * 2) The quality or state of having been proved or tried; firmness or hardness which resists impression, or does not yield to force; impenetrability of physical bodies.
 * 3)  Experience of something.
 * 4)  Firmness of mind; stability not to be shaken.
 * 5)  A proof sheet; a trial impression, as from type, taken for correction or examination.
 * 6)  A limited-run high-quality strike of a particular coin, originally as a test run, although nowadays mostly for collectors' sets.
 * 7)  A sequence of statements consisting of axioms, assumptions, statements already demonstrated in another proof, and statements that logically follow from previous statements in the sequence, and which concludes with a statement that is the object of the proof.
 * 8)  A process for testing the accuracy of an operation performed. Compare prove, transitive verb, 5.
 * 9)  Armour of excellent or tried quality, and deemed impenetrable; properly, armour of proof.
 * 10)  A measure of the alcohol content of liquor. Originally, in Britain, 100 proof was defined as 57.1% by volume (no longer used). In the US, 100 proof means that the alcohol content is 50% of the total volume of the liquid; thus, absolute alcohol would be 200 proof.
 * 1)  A proof sheet; a trial impression, as from type, taken for correction or examination.
 * 2)  A limited-run high-quality strike of a particular coin, originally as a test run, although nowadays mostly for collectors' sets.
 * 3)  A sequence of statements consisting of axioms, assumptions, statements already demonstrated in another proof, and statements that logically follow from previous statements in the sequence, and which concludes with a statement that is the object of the proof.
 * 4)  A process for testing the accuracy of an operation performed. Compare prove, transitive verb, 5.
 * 5)  Armour of excellent or tried quality, and deemed impenetrable; properly, armour of proof.
 * 6)  A measure of the alcohol content of liquor. Originally, in Britain, 100 proof was defined as 57.1% by volume (no longer used). In the US, 100 proof means that the alcohol content is 50% of the total volume of the liquid; thus, absolute alcohol would be 200 proof.
 * 1)  A measure of the alcohol content of liquor. Originally, in Britain, 100 proof was defined as 57.1% by volume (no longer used). In the US, 100 proof means that the alcohol content is 50% of the total volume of the liquid; thus, absolute alcohol would be 200 proof.
 * 1)  A measure of the alcohol content of liquor. Originally, in Britain, 100 proof was defined as 57.1% by volume (no longer used). In the US, 100 proof means that the alcohol content is 50% of the total volume of the liquid; thus, absolute alcohol would be 200 proof.

Translations

 * Albanian: ,
 * Arabic: بُرْهَان,, إِثْبَات
 * Armenian:
 * Asturian: prueba
 * Azerbaijani:, isbat, dəlil
 * Bashkir: дәлил
 * Belarusian: до́каз
 * Bulgarian:
 * Catalan:
 * Chinese:
 * Mandarin:
 * Czech:
 * Danish:
 * Dutch:
 * Esperanto: pruvo
 * Estonian: tõestus, tõend
 * Finnish: ,
 * French:
 * Friulian: prove
 * Galician:
 * Georgian: მტკიცებულება
 * German:
 * Gothic: 𐌺𐌿𐍃𐍄𐌿𐍃
 * Greek:
 * Ancient: ἀπόδειξις
 * Hebrew: ,
 * Hindi: ,
 * Hungarian:
 * Icelandic:
 * Italian:
 * Japanese:
 * Kazakh: дәлел
 * Khmer:
 * Korean:
 * Kurdish:
 * Northern Kurdish: ,
 * Kyrgyz:
 * Ladin: proa
 * Latin: argūmentum
 * Latvian: pierādījums
 * Lithuanian: įrodymas
 * Macedonian: доказ
 * Malay: bukti
 * Maori: hāponotanga
 * Marathi: पुरावा
 * Mongolian:
 * Cyrillic:
 * Norwegian:
 * Bokmål:
 * Occitan:
 * Old English: sēþung
 * Pashto: ,
 * Persian: ,
 * Plautdietsch: Tieekjniss, Bewiess
 * Polish:
 * Portuguese:
 * Romanian: ,
 * Romansch: cumprova
 * Russian: ,
 * Sardinian: proa, proba, prova
 * Scottish Gaelic: dearbhadh
 * Serbo-Croatian:
 * Cyrillic: до̏ка̄з
 * Roman:
 * Sicilian: prova
 * Slovak: dôkaz
 * Slovene: dokaz
 * Spanish:, demonstración,
 * Swedish:
 * Tagalog: patunay
 * Tajik: исбот, далел
 * Tatar:
 * Thai:
 * Turkish: ,
 * Ukrainian: до́каз, до́від
 * Urdu: ثَبُوت
 * Uyghur: ئىسپات, دەلىل
 * Uzbek: ,
 * Venetian: prova
 * Vietnamese: (憑證)


 * Armenian:
 * Esperanto: pruvo
 * Finnish: ,
 * French:
 * Galician:
 * Hungarian:
 * Kurdish:
 * Central Kurdish: بەلگە
 * Latin: indicium
 * Portuguese:
 * Scottish Gaelic: dearbhadh
 * Spanish:
 * Tagalog: patunay
 * Urdu: دَلِیل


 * Galician: probado
 * Hungarian:
 * Maori: hāponotanga
 * Portuguese:


 * Hungarian:


 * Bulgarian:
 * Finnish: koevedos
 * French:
 * Galician:
 * Hungarian:, , korrektúralevonat
 * Norwegian:
 * Bokmål: korrektur
 * Nynorsk: korrektur
 * Portuguese:
 * Russian:


 * Bulgarian:
 * Czech:
 * Finnish:
 * French:
 * Galician:
 * German:
 * Hungarian:
 * Portuguese:


 * Afrikaans: proefmuntstuk
 * German: polierte Platte


 * Bulgarian: ,
 * Georgian:
 * Italian:
 * Spanish:

Adjective

 * 1) Used in proving or testing.
 * 2) Firm or successful in resisting.
 * 3) * quoted in 1818, Christopher Kelly, History of the French Revolution and of the Wars produced by that Memorable Event
 * The French cavalry, in proof armour, repeatedly charged our squares, their cannon opening chasms; but the British infantry, though greatly diminished, were inflexible and impenetrable to the last.
 * 1)  Being of a certain standard as to alcohol content.
 * 1) * quoted in 1818, Christopher Kelly, History of the French Revolution and of the Wars produced by that Memorable Event
 * The French cavalry, in proof armour, repeatedly charged our squares, their cannon opening chasms; but the British infantry, though greatly diminished, were inflexible and impenetrable to the last.
 * 1)  Being of a certain standard as to alcohol content.
 * The French cavalry, in proof armour, repeatedly charged our squares, their cannon opening chasms; but the British infantry, though greatly diminished, were inflexible and impenetrable to the last.
 * 1)  Being of a certain standard as to alcohol content.

Translations

 * Bulgarian: доказателствен
 * Finnish: koe-, testi-
 * Hebrew:
 * Hungarian:, ,


 * Bulgarian:, неподдаващ
 * Finnish: ,
 * Hungarian: -álló, -biztos
 * Irish: díonmhar
 * Russian: -стойкий, -прочный, -упорный
 * Scottish Gaelic: dìonach


 * Hungarian: előírásos fokú

Verb

 * 1)  To proofread.
 * 2)  To make resistant, especially to water.
 * 3)  To test-fire with a load considerably more powerful than the firearm in question's rated maximum chamber pressure, in order to establish the firearm's ability to withstand pressures well in excess of those expected in service without bursting.
 * 4)  To allow (yeast-containing dough) to rise.
 * 5)  To test the activeness of (yeast).

Translations

 * Bulgarian:
 * Danish: hæve
 * German: aufgehen lassen
 * Polish: